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Paweł Kościelniak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification and determination of ergot alkaloids in Morning Glory cultivars
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Julia Nowak, Michał Woźniakiewicz, Piotr Klepacki, Anna Sowa, Paweł KościelniakAbstract:Seeds of plants from Ipomoea genera contain numerous ergot alkaloids, including psychoactive ergine and Ergometrine, and are often abused as so-called “legal highs.” In this work, an analytical method for determination of ergine and Ergometrine, and identification of other alkaloids was developed, optimized, and validated. Three extraction techniques, ultrasound-assisted extraction in bath, or with sonotrode, and microwave-assisted extraction were evaluated, and it was concluded that ultrasonic bath is the most suitable technique for extraction of ergot alkaloids. The extraction method was later optimized using a Doehlert experimental design with response surface methodology and used together with the optimized LC-Q-TOF-MS method. The analytical procedure was validated in terms of recovery and matrix effect, repeatability, and intermediate precision. Limits of detection and quantification were 1.0 and 3.0 ng mL^–1, respectively, and were sufficient for determination of ergot alkaloids in Ipomoea seeds. The analysis revealed that from five kinds of seeds purchased from different vendors, only three contained ergot alkaloids. Concentration of alkaloids and their relative abundance was similar in samples representative for whole seeds packs; however, when single seeds were analyzed, significant discrepancies in ergine and Ergometrine concentrations were detected. Graphical Abstract Identification of six ergot alkaloids and determination of ergine and Ergometrine in Morning glory seeds using the ultrasound-assisted extraction followed the LC-MS analysis
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Identification and determination of ergot alkaloids in Morning Glory cultivars.
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Julia Nowak, Michał Woźniakiewicz, Piotr Klepacki, Anna Sowa, Paweł KościelniakAbstract:Seeds of plants from Ipomoea genera contain numerous ergot alkaloids, including psychoactive ergine and Ergometrine, and are often abused as so-called “legal highs.” In this work, an analytical method for determination of ergine and Ergometrine, and identification of other alkaloids was developed, optimized, and validated. Three extraction techniques, ultrasound-assisted extraction in bath, or with sonotrode, and microwave-assisted extraction were evaluated, and it was concluded that ultrasonic bath is the most suitable technique for extraction of ergot alkaloids. The extraction method was later optimized using a Doehlert experimental design with response surface methodology and used together with the optimized LC-Q-TOF-MS method. The analytical procedure was validated in terms of recovery and matrix effect, repeatability, and intermediate precision. Limits of detection and quantification were 1.0 and 3.0 ng mL–1, respectively, and were sufficient for determination of ergot alkaloids in Ipomoea seeds. The analysis revealed that from five kinds of seeds purchased from different vendors, only three contained ergot alkaloids. Concentration of alkaloids and their relative abundance was similar in samples representative for whole seeds packs; however, when single seeds were analyzed, significant discrepancies in ergine and Ergometrine concentrations were detected.
Jing Tan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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misoprostol versus Ergometrine oxytocin for preventing postpartum haemorrhage a systematic review and meta analysis of randomized controlled trials
Journal of Evidence-based Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Jing Tan, Qiao Cao, Yuhan Cai, Xin SunAbstract:Objective : To compare the effects of misoprostol versus Ergometrine-oxytocin for PPH prevention, and provide important evidence to choose optimal agents for preventing PPH in developing countries. Methods The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, EMbase, and ClinicalTrails.gov were searched from inception to 1st January 2016. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias of studies according to Cochrane Handbook5.1.0. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.2.4 software. Results A total of 4034 women from six RCTs were included. Meta-analyses showed the PPH rate [7.6% vs. 4.2%, RR = 1.81, 95%CI (1.40, 2.35), P<0.01], and the additional uterotonic therapy[19.2% vs. 10.5%, RR = 1.83, 95%CI (1.57, 2.14), P<0.01] for miroprostol group were significantly higher than Ergometrine-oxytocin group, respectively. But there was no significant difference of severe PPH rate between two groups [1.2% vs. 0.76%, RR = 1.55, 95%CI (0.78, 3.07), P = 0.21]. The need for manual removal of placenta in misoprostol was only about one third of Ergometrine-oxytocin [0.5% vs. 1.4%, RR = 0.33, 95%CI (0.15, 0.76), P<0.01]. Conclusions Misoprostol can be used in the third stage of labor for preventing PPH where sterilized syringe and trained midwife were absent, and ergoetrine-oxytocin could be deemed as alternative agent in low-resource setting due to recognized effect. As result of limited evidence about these uterotonic agents, the more high quality RCTs are needed to determine the potentials and harms of various uterotonic agents for preventing PPH in developing countries. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Susan Mcdonald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Cochrane Library - Prophylactic Ergometrine-oxytocin versus oxytocin for the third stage of labour.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2004Co-Authors: Susan Mcdonald, Jo M Abbott, Shane P HigginsAbstract:Background The routine prophylactic administration of an uterotonic agent is an integral part of active management of the third stage of labour, helping to prevent postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). The two most widely used uterotonic agents are: Ergometrine-oxytocin (Syntometrine®) (a combination of oxytocin 5 international units (iu) and Ergometrine 0.5 mg) and oxytocin (Syntocinon®). Objectives To compare the effects of Ergometrine-oxytocin with oxytocin in reducing the risk of PPH (blood loss of at least 500 ml) and other maternal and neonatal outcomes. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (30 April 2007). Selection criteria Randomised trials comparing Ergometrine-oxytocin use with oxytocin use in women having the third stage of labour managed actively. Data collection and analysis We independently assessed trial eligibility and quality and extracted data. We contacted study authors for additional information. Main results Six trials were included (9332 women). Compared with oxytocin, Ergometrine-oxytocin was associated with a small reduction in the risk of PPH using the definition of PPH of blood loss of at least 500 ml (odds ratio 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.71 to 0.95). This advantage was found for both a dose of 5 iu oxytocin and a dose of 10 iu oxytocin, but was greater for the lower dose. There was no difference detected between the groups using either 5 or 10 iu for the stricter definition of PPH of blood loss at least 1000 ml. Adverse effects of vomiting, nausea and hypertension were more likely to be associated with the use of Ergometrine-oxytocin. When heterogeneity between trials was taken into account there were no statistically significant differences found for the other maternal or neonatal outcomes. Authors' conclusions The use of Ergometrine-oxytocin as part of the routine active management of the third stage of labour appears to be associated with a small but statistically significant reduction in the risk of PPH when compared to oxytocin for blood loss of 500 ml or more. No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups for blood loss of 1000 ml or more. A statistically significant difference was observed in the presence of maternal side-effects, including elevation of diastolic blood pressure, vomiting and nausea, associated with Ergometrine-oxytocin use compared to oxytocin use. Thus, the advantage of a reduction in the risk of PPH, between 500 and 1000 ml blood loss, needs to be weighed against the adverse side-effects associated with the use of Ergometrine-oxytocin.
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prophylactic Ergometrine oxytocin versus oxytocin for the third stage of labour
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2004Co-Authors: Susan Mcdonald, Jo M Abbott, Shane P HigginsAbstract:Background The routine prophylactic administration of an uterotonic agent is an integral part of active management of the third stage of labour, helping to prevent postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). The two most widely used uterotonic agents are: Ergometrine-oxytocin (Syntometrine®) (a combination of oxytocin 5 international units (iu) and Ergometrine 0.5 mg) and oxytocin (Syntocinon®). Objectives To compare the effects of Ergometrine-oxytocin with oxytocin in reducing the risk of PPH (blood loss of at least 500 ml) and other maternal and neonatal outcomes. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (30 April 2007). Selection criteria Randomised trials comparing Ergometrine-oxytocin use with oxytocin use in women having the third stage of labour managed actively. Data collection and analysis We independently assessed trial eligibility and quality and extracted data. We contacted study authors for additional information. Main results Six trials were included (9332 women). Compared with oxytocin, Ergometrine-oxytocin was associated with a small reduction in the risk of PPH using the definition of PPH of blood loss of at least 500 ml (odds ratio 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.71 to 0.95). This advantage was found for both a dose of 5 iu oxytocin and a dose of 10 iu oxytocin, but was greater for the lower dose. There was no difference detected between the groups using either 5 or 10 iu for the stricter definition of PPH of blood loss at least 1000 ml. Adverse effects of vomiting, nausea and hypertension were more likely to be associated with the use of Ergometrine-oxytocin. When heterogeneity between trials was taken into account there were no statistically significant differences found for the other maternal or neonatal outcomes. Authors' conclusions The use of Ergometrine-oxytocin as part of the routine active management of the third stage of labour appears to be associated with a small but statistically significant reduction in the risk of PPH when compared to oxytocin for blood loss of 500 ml or more. No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups for blood loss of 1000 ml or more. A statistically significant difference was observed in the presence of maternal side-effects, including elevation of diastolic blood pressure, vomiting and nausea, associated with Ergometrine-oxytocin use compared to oxytocin use. Thus, the advantage of a reduction in the risk of PPH, between 500 and 1000 ml blood loss, needs to be weighed against the adverse side-effects associated with the use of Ergometrine-oxytocin.
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randomised controlled trial of oxytocin alone versus oxytocin and Ergometrine in active management of third stage of labour
BMJ, 1993Co-Authors: Susan Mcdonald, Walter Prendiville, E BlairAbstract:OBJECTIVE--To compare intramuscular oxytocin alone and intramuscular oxytocin with Ergometrine (Syntometrine) for their effect in reducing the risk of postpartum haemorrhage when both are used as part of the active management of the third stage of labour. DESIGN--Double blind, randomised controlled trial. SETTING--Two metropolitan teaching hospitals in Perth, Western Australia. SUBJECTS--All women who expected a vaginal birth during the period of the trial. Informed consent was obtained. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Postpartum haemorrhage, nausea, vomiting, and increased blood pressure. RESULTS--3497 women were randomly allocated to receive oxytocin-Ergometrine (n = 1730) or oxytocin (n = 1753). Rates of postpartum haemorrhage (> or = 500 ml or > or = 1000 ml) were similar in both arms (odds ratio 0.90 (0.82); 95% confidence interval 0.75 to 1.07 (0.59 to 1.14) at 500 ml (1000 ml) threshold). The use of oxytocin-Ergometrine was associated with nausea, vomiting, and increased blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS--There are few advantages but several disadvantages for the routine use of oxytoxinErgometrine when prophylactic active management of the third stage of labour is practised. Further investigation of dose-response for oxytocin may be warranted.
Julia Nowak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification and determination of ergot alkaloids in Morning Glory cultivars
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Julia Nowak, Michał Woźniakiewicz, Piotr Klepacki, Anna Sowa, Paweł KościelniakAbstract:Seeds of plants from Ipomoea genera contain numerous ergot alkaloids, including psychoactive ergine and Ergometrine, and are often abused as so-called “legal highs.” In this work, an analytical method for determination of ergine and Ergometrine, and identification of other alkaloids was developed, optimized, and validated. Three extraction techniques, ultrasound-assisted extraction in bath, or with sonotrode, and microwave-assisted extraction were evaluated, and it was concluded that ultrasonic bath is the most suitable technique for extraction of ergot alkaloids. The extraction method was later optimized using a Doehlert experimental design with response surface methodology and used together with the optimized LC-Q-TOF-MS method. The analytical procedure was validated in terms of recovery and matrix effect, repeatability, and intermediate precision. Limits of detection and quantification were 1.0 and 3.0 ng mL^–1, respectively, and were sufficient for determination of ergot alkaloids in Ipomoea seeds. The analysis revealed that from five kinds of seeds purchased from different vendors, only three contained ergot alkaloids. Concentration of alkaloids and their relative abundance was similar in samples representative for whole seeds packs; however, when single seeds were analyzed, significant discrepancies in ergine and Ergometrine concentrations were detected. Graphical Abstract Identification of six ergot alkaloids and determination of ergine and Ergometrine in Morning glory seeds using the ultrasound-assisted extraction followed the LC-MS analysis
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Identification and determination of ergot alkaloids in Morning Glory cultivars.
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Julia Nowak, Michał Woźniakiewicz, Piotr Klepacki, Anna Sowa, Paweł KościelniakAbstract:Seeds of plants from Ipomoea genera contain numerous ergot alkaloids, including psychoactive ergine and Ergometrine, and are often abused as so-called “legal highs.” In this work, an analytical method for determination of ergine and Ergometrine, and identification of other alkaloids was developed, optimized, and validated. Three extraction techniques, ultrasound-assisted extraction in bath, or with sonotrode, and microwave-assisted extraction were evaluated, and it was concluded that ultrasonic bath is the most suitable technique for extraction of ergot alkaloids. The extraction method was later optimized using a Doehlert experimental design with response surface methodology and used together with the optimized LC-Q-TOF-MS method. The analytical procedure was validated in terms of recovery and matrix effect, repeatability, and intermediate precision. Limits of detection and quantification were 1.0 and 3.0 ng mL–1, respectively, and were sufficient for determination of ergot alkaloids in Ipomoea seeds. The analysis revealed that from five kinds of seeds purchased from different vendors, only three contained ergot alkaloids. Concentration of alkaloids and their relative abundance was similar in samples representative for whole seeds packs; however, when single seeds were analyzed, significant discrepancies in ergine and Ergometrine concentrations were detected.
Shane P Higgins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Cochrane Library - Prophylactic Ergometrine-oxytocin versus oxytocin for the third stage of labour.
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2004Co-Authors: Susan Mcdonald, Jo M Abbott, Shane P HigginsAbstract:Background The routine prophylactic administration of an uterotonic agent is an integral part of active management of the third stage of labour, helping to prevent postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). The two most widely used uterotonic agents are: Ergometrine-oxytocin (Syntometrine®) (a combination of oxytocin 5 international units (iu) and Ergometrine 0.5 mg) and oxytocin (Syntocinon®). Objectives To compare the effects of Ergometrine-oxytocin with oxytocin in reducing the risk of PPH (blood loss of at least 500 ml) and other maternal and neonatal outcomes. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (30 April 2007). Selection criteria Randomised trials comparing Ergometrine-oxytocin use with oxytocin use in women having the third stage of labour managed actively. Data collection and analysis We independently assessed trial eligibility and quality and extracted data. We contacted study authors for additional information. Main results Six trials were included (9332 women). Compared with oxytocin, Ergometrine-oxytocin was associated with a small reduction in the risk of PPH using the definition of PPH of blood loss of at least 500 ml (odds ratio 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.71 to 0.95). This advantage was found for both a dose of 5 iu oxytocin and a dose of 10 iu oxytocin, but was greater for the lower dose. There was no difference detected between the groups using either 5 or 10 iu for the stricter definition of PPH of blood loss at least 1000 ml. Adverse effects of vomiting, nausea and hypertension were more likely to be associated with the use of Ergometrine-oxytocin. When heterogeneity between trials was taken into account there were no statistically significant differences found for the other maternal or neonatal outcomes. Authors' conclusions The use of Ergometrine-oxytocin as part of the routine active management of the third stage of labour appears to be associated with a small but statistically significant reduction in the risk of PPH when compared to oxytocin for blood loss of 500 ml or more. No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups for blood loss of 1000 ml or more. A statistically significant difference was observed in the presence of maternal side-effects, including elevation of diastolic blood pressure, vomiting and nausea, associated with Ergometrine-oxytocin use compared to oxytocin use. Thus, the advantage of a reduction in the risk of PPH, between 500 and 1000 ml blood loss, needs to be weighed against the adverse side-effects associated with the use of Ergometrine-oxytocin.
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prophylactic Ergometrine oxytocin versus oxytocin for the third stage of labour
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2004Co-Authors: Susan Mcdonald, Jo M Abbott, Shane P HigginsAbstract:Background The routine prophylactic administration of an uterotonic agent is an integral part of active management of the third stage of labour, helping to prevent postpartum haemorrhage (PPH). The two most widely used uterotonic agents are: Ergometrine-oxytocin (Syntometrine®) (a combination of oxytocin 5 international units (iu) and Ergometrine 0.5 mg) and oxytocin (Syntocinon®). Objectives To compare the effects of Ergometrine-oxytocin with oxytocin in reducing the risk of PPH (blood loss of at least 500 ml) and other maternal and neonatal outcomes. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group's Trials Register (30 April 2007). Selection criteria Randomised trials comparing Ergometrine-oxytocin use with oxytocin use in women having the third stage of labour managed actively. Data collection and analysis We independently assessed trial eligibility and quality and extracted data. We contacted study authors for additional information. Main results Six trials were included (9332 women). Compared with oxytocin, Ergometrine-oxytocin was associated with a small reduction in the risk of PPH using the definition of PPH of blood loss of at least 500 ml (odds ratio 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.71 to 0.95). This advantage was found for both a dose of 5 iu oxytocin and a dose of 10 iu oxytocin, but was greater for the lower dose. There was no difference detected between the groups using either 5 or 10 iu for the stricter definition of PPH of blood loss at least 1000 ml. Adverse effects of vomiting, nausea and hypertension were more likely to be associated with the use of Ergometrine-oxytocin. When heterogeneity between trials was taken into account there were no statistically significant differences found for the other maternal or neonatal outcomes. Authors' conclusions The use of Ergometrine-oxytocin as part of the routine active management of the third stage of labour appears to be associated with a small but statistically significant reduction in the risk of PPH when compared to oxytocin for blood loss of 500 ml or more. No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups for blood loss of 1000 ml or more. A statistically significant difference was observed in the presence of maternal side-effects, including elevation of diastolic blood pressure, vomiting and nausea, associated with Ergometrine-oxytocin use compared to oxytocin use. Thus, the advantage of a reduction in the risk of PPH, between 500 and 1000 ml blood loss, needs to be weighed against the adverse side-effects associated with the use of Ergometrine-oxytocin.