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Yoshihisa Hashiguchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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images in clinical tropical medicine cutaneous leishmaniasis chiclero s ulcer in subtropical ecuador
2013Co-Authors: Manuel Calvopina, Leonardo Martinez, Yoshihisa HashiguchiAbstract:An 18-year-old female presented with a severe ulcerative lesion on her right ear of 6 weeks duration. Her right ear was edematous and erythematous with a large, painless ulcerative lesion covering a third of the pinna and satellite papular lesions on the posterior. She was diagnosed with chiclero's ulcer. A skin smear stained with Diff-quik showed abundant Leishmania parasites. Chiclero's ulcer is a rare clinical presentation and is typically severe and difficult to treat. Physicians in Ecuador recommend administering prolonged intramuscular Glucantime. Side effects are common and can be severe resulting in low patient compliance. Because of preferences of the patient and the large volume needed for her weight, we recommended topical treatment with a lotion of Glucantime mixed half and half with white Merthiolate. After applying this lotion to the lesion 3 to 4 times a day for 6 weeks, the lesion healed. An 18-year-old female presented with a severe ulcerative lesion on her right ear of 6 weeks duration. The lesion began in December 2011 as an itchy papular mosquito bite that enlarged to a nodule and later formed an ulcerative lesion covering a large part of the auricle. The patient came from Puerto Quito-Pichincha, a subtropical rainforest located in the Pacific region of Ecuador, where cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic. 1 She visited a local physician who diagnosed erysipelas and prescribed oral ciprofloxacin and clindamycin for 10 days and fucidic acid as a topical ointment; however, the lesion showed no improvement. After completing 2 weeks of antibiotics she visited our department. The patient's right ear was edematous and erythematous with a large, painless ulcerative lesion covering a third of the pinna and satellite papular lesions on the posterior (Figure 1A). She wasdiagnosedwithchiclero'sulcer.Askinsmearstainedwith Diff-quik showed abundant Leishmania parasites (Figure 2). She was otherwise healthy. Her weight was 85 kg. American tegumentary leishmaniasis is endemic in Ecuador and is reported in tropical and subtropical ecological regions from the Pacific side and Amazonian region; human cases are also diagnosed in some interandean valleys. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ecuador presents in several clinical variants, though the typical ulcerative form is most common. Other presentations such as nodular, pian bois, diffuse, recidiva cutis, Erysipeloid, disseminated, and chiclero's ulcer are rare. 2 The mucosal form is a very rare presentation in the subtropical regions of Pacific Ecuador and appears to be restricted to the Amazonian rainforest. Most CL presentations are self-healing within a period of 6 to 12 months, except diffuse cutaneous and recidiva cutis. Chiclero's ulcer is a rare clinical presentation and is typi- cally severe and difficult to treat, needing two or three sched- ules of intramuscular antimonial pentavalent. Physicians in Ecuador recommend administering prolonged intramuscular Glucantime. Side effects are common and can be severe resulting in low patient compliance. These side effects include myalgia, arthralgia, fever, asthenia, and anorexia. Because of
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atypical clinical variants in new world cutaneous leishmaniasis disseminated Erysipeloid and recidiva cutis due to leishmania v panamensis
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2005Co-Authors: Manuel Calvopina, Eduardo A Gomez, Hiroshi Uezato, Hirotomo Kato, Shigeo Nonaka, Yoshihisa HashiguchiAbstract:In recent times, there has been an increase in the number of reports for new and rare variants of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Here, we describe three unusual clinical forms of CL identified in Ecuadorian children. A total of 131 patients with CL were diagnosed over a 2-year period of active search. In 3 (2.29%), the lesions were very unusual; these included Erysipeloid, recidiva cutis (LRC), and disseminated leishmaniasis (DL). The Erysipeloid case is characterized by erythematous and indurated plaque seen on the face of a 5-year-old boy; the LRC one is differentiated by slowly progressing red-brown papules around large scars of healed sores in a 6-year-old girl, and the DL case is characterized by dozens of cutaneous ulcers distributed in the whole body of a 1-year-old girl. Leishmania parasites were isolated by lesion aspirate and analyzed by the technique multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE). All three isolates were identified as Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis. These distinct clinical variants rarely have been reported previously in the American cutaneous leishmaniasis, and for the first time L. (V.) panamensis was identified as the etiologic agent. Our cases extend the spectrum of clinical presentations in New World leishmaniasis.
Yoshihiro Shimoji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an invasive infection with an unusual spab possessing erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in a human
Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2020Co-Authors: Yudai Taguchi, Yoshihiro Shimoji, Yohsuke Ogawa, Kazumasa Shiraiwa, Shigeo Nakamura, Junichiro OkumuraAbstract:Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a zoonotic pathogen that causes erysipelas in a variety of animals. In humans, in contrast to the cutaneous form called Erysipeloid, which is an occupational disease and common in individuals who handle raw meat and fish, invasive systemic infections are unusual. E. rhusiopathiae expresses an immunogenic surface protein, Spa (surface protective antigen), which is involved in virulence. Among the antigenically different Spa proteins (SpaA, B and C), which are mostly associated with serovars, SpaA is by far the most prevalent in E. rhusiopathiae isolates from diseased animals. However, the Spa type has not been examined for human isolates, and it is unknown whether SpaB- or SpaC-possessing isolates can cause disease in humans. A Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium isolated from a case of human pyogenic spondylitis was analysed. The bacterium was identified as E. rhusiopathiae by a routine biochemical test and MS, and ultimately confirmed by an E. rhusiopathiae-specific PCR assay. Spa typing by sequencing revealed the SpaB type, and the serovar of the strain was identified as untypeable by a conventional agar gel precipitation test, but determined to be serovar 6 by a serotyping PCR assay. Sequence analysis of the serovar-defining chromosomal region revealed that the isolate displayed the same gene organization as the serovar 6 reference strain, but the region was disrupted by an insertion sequence element, suggesting that the isolate originated from a serovar 6 strain. These results highlight that unusual, spaB-possessing E. rhusiopathiae strains can potentially pose serious risks to humans.
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adhesive surface proteins of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae bind to polystyrene fibronectin and type i and iv collagens
Journal of Bacteriology, 2003Co-Authors: Yoshihiro Shimoji, Yohsuke Ogawa, Makoto Osaki, Hidenori Kabeya, Soichi Maruyama, Takeshi Mikami, Tsutomu SekizakiAbstract:Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is a gram-positive bacterium that causes erysipelas in animals and Erysipeloid in humans. We found two adhesive surface proteins of E. rhusiopathiae and determined the nucleotide sequences of the genes, which were colocalized and designated rspA and rspB. The two genes were present in all of the serovars of E. rhusiopathiae strains examined. The deduced RspA and RspB proteins contain the C-terminal anchoring motif, LPXTG, which is preceded by repeats of consensus amino acid sequences. The consensus sequences are composed of 78 to 92 amino acids and repeat 16 and 3 times in RspA and RspB, respectively. Adhesive surface proteins of other gram-positive bacteria, including Listeria monocytogenes adhesin-like protein, Streptococcus pyogenes protein F2 and F2-like protein, Streptococcus dysgalactiae FnBB, and Staphylococcus aureus Cna, share the same consensus repeats. Furthermore, the N-terminal regions of RspA and RspB showed characteristics of the collagen-binding domain that was described for Cna. RspA and RspB were expressed in Escherichia coli as histidine-tagged fusion proteins and purified. The recombinant proteins showed a high degree of capacity to bind to polystyrene and inhibited the binding of E. rhusiopathiae onto the abiotic surface in a dose dependent manner. In a solid-phase binding assay, both of the recombinant proteins bound to fibronectin, type I and IV collagens, indicating broad spectrum of their binding ability. It was suggested that both RspA and RspB were exposed on the cell surface of E. rhusiopathiae, as were the bacterial cells agglutinated by the anti-RspA immunoglobulin G (IgG) and anti-RspB IgG. RspA and RspB were present both in surface-antigen extracts and the culture supernatants of E. rhusiopathiae Fujisawa-SmR (serovar 1a) and SE-9 (serovar 2). The recombinant RspA, but not RspB, elicited protection in mice against experimental challenge. These results suggest that RspA and RspB participate in initiation of biofilm formation through their binding abilities to abiotic and biotic surfaces.
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Pathogenicity of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae: virulence factors and protective immunity.
Microbes and infection, 2000Co-Authors: Yoshihiro ShimojiAbstract:Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is the causative agent of erysipelas in animals and Erysipeloid in humans. In the absence of specific antibodies, the organism evades phagocytosis by phagocytic cells, but even if phagocytized, it is able to replicate intracellulary in these cells. In this review, recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenicity of E. rhusiopathiae and its protective immunity are described.
Frederick C Leung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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complete genome assembly and characterization of an outbreak strain of the causative agent of swine erysipelas erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae sy1027
BMC Microbiology, 2014Co-Authors: Amy H Y Kwok, Ping Jiang, Jingwei Jiang, Frederick C LeungAbstract:Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is the causative agent of animal erysipelas and, to a fewer occurrences, human Erysipeloid. It is ubiquitous in nature and commensal in diverse species of animals, wild or domestic, from mammals and birds to reptiles and fish. Mechanisms of its virulence and pathogenicity are poorly understood. Making use of the complete genome sequencing of E. rhusiopathiae strain SY1027 and comparative genome analysis between the three highly pathogenic strains (SY1027, Fujisawa and ATCC19414), the genomic structure and putative functional elements, such as pathogenicity island (PAI)-like regions, potential virulence factors and horizontal transferring genes of the bacteria are identified. Strain SY1027 genome is 1,752,910 base pairs long, just 30 kilobases smaller than strain Fujisawa, with the same GC level of 36.36%. It contains 1,845 open reading frames (ORF) predicted by GLIMMER 3.02, of which 1,775 were annotated by PGAAP, 1,757 (~95.23%) were annotated by NCBI nr blast, 1,209 by COG database and 1,076 by KEGG database. 37 potential virulence factors were annotated in strain SY1027 by VFDB, while 19 (~51.35%) of them are common in the 2 strains, 7 of which are potentially related to antibiotic resistance and highly conserved (~98-100% match identity (ID)) amongst the three strains of E. rhusiopathiae and modestly homologous to other gastrointestinal tract-inhabiting Firmicutes (~40% match ID), e.g. Clostridium spp., Enterococcus spp. Genomic island- and pathogenicity island-like regions were also predicted, in which some showed association with tRNA and potential virulence factors. Complete genome sequencing of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, the causative agent of animal erysipelas, was performed. Molecular identification of various genomic elements pave the way to the better understanding of mechanisms underlying metabolic capabilities, pathogenicity of swine erysipelas and prospective vaccine targets besides the widely used SpaA antigens.
Manuel Calvopina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hashiguchi Y: Atypical clinical variants in New World cutaneous leishmaniasis: disseminated, Erysipeloid, and recidiva cutis due to Leishmania (V.) panamensis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2005
2015Co-Authors: Manuel Calvopina, Eduardo A Gomez, Hiroshi Uezato, Hirotomo Kato, Shigeo NonakaAbstract:Abstract. In recent times, there has been an increase in the number of reports for new and rare variants of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Here, we describe three unusual clinical forms of CL identified in Ecuadorian children. A total of 131 patients with CL were diagnosed over a 2-year period of active search. In 3 (2.29%), the lesions were very unusual; these included Erysipeloid, recidiva cutis (LRC), and disseminated leishmaniasis (DL). The Erysipeloid case is charac-terized by erythematous and indurated plaque seen on the face of a 5-year-old boy; the LRC one is differentiated by slowly progressing red-brown papules around large scars of healed sores in a 6-year-old girl, and the DL case is characterized by dozens of cutaneous ulcers distributed in the whole body of a 1-year-old girl. Leishmania parasites were isolated by lesion aspirate and analyzed by the technique multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE). All three isolates were identified as Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis. These distinct clinical variants rarely have been reported previously in the American cutaneous leishmaniasis, and for the first time L. (V.) panamensis was identified as the etiologic agent. Our cases extend the spectrum of clinical presentations in New World leishmaniasis
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images in clinical tropical medicine cutaneous leishmaniasis chiclero s ulcer in subtropical ecuador
2013Co-Authors: Manuel Calvopina, Leonardo Martinez, Yoshihisa HashiguchiAbstract:An 18-year-old female presented with a severe ulcerative lesion on her right ear of 6 weeks duration. Her right ear was edematous and erythematous with a large, painless ulcerative lesion covering a third of the pinna and satellite papular lesions on the posterior. She was diagnosed with chiclero's ulcer. A skin smear stained with Diff-quik showed abundant Leishmania parasites. Chiclero's ulcer is a rare clinical presentation and is typically severe and difficult to treat. Physicians in Ecuador recommend administering prolonged intramuscular Glucantime. Side effects are common and can be severe resulting in low patient compliance. Because of preferences of the patient and the large volume needed for her weight, we recommended topical treatment with a lotion of Glucantime mixed half and half with white Merthiolate. After applying this lotion to the lesion 3 to 4 times a day for 6 weeks, the lesion healed. An 18-year-old female presented with a severe ulcerative lesion on her right ear of 6 weeks duration. The lesion began in December 2011 as an itchy papular mosquito bite that enlarged to a nodule and later formed an ulcerative lesion covering a large part of the auricle. The patient came from Puerto Quito-Pichincha, a subtropical rainforest located in the Pacific region of Ecuador, where cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic. 1 She visited a local physician who diagnosed erysipelas and prescribed oral ciprofloxacin and clindamycin for 10 days and fucidic acid as a topical ointment; however, the lesion showed no improvement. After completing 2 weeks of antibiotics she visited our department. The patient's right ear was edematous and erythematous with a large, painless ulcerative lesion covering a third of the pinna and satellite papular lesions on the posterior (Figure 1A). She wasdiagnosedwithchiclero'sulcer.Askinsmearstainedwith Diff-quik showed abundant Leishmania parasites (Figure 2). She was otherwise healthy. Her weight was 85 kg. American tegumentary leishmaniasis is endemic in Ecuador and is reported in tropical and subtropical ecological regions from the Pacific side and Amazonian region; human cases are also diagnosed in some interandean valleys. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ecuador presents in several clinical variants, though the typical ulcerative form is most common. Other presentations such as nodular, pian bois, diffuse, recidiva cutis, Erysipeloid, disseminated, and chiclero's ulcer are rare. 2 The mucosal form is a very rare presentation in the subtropical regions of Pacific Ecuador and appears to be restricted to the Amazonian rainforest. Most CL presentations are self-healing within a period of 6 to 12 months, except diffuse cutaneous and recidiva cutis. Chiclero's ulcer is a rare clinical presentation and is typi- cally severe and difficult to treat, needing two or three sched- ules of intramuscular antimonial pentavalent. Physicians in Ecuador recommend administering prolonged intramuscular Glucantime. Side effects are common and can be severe resulting in low patient compliance. These side effects include myalgia, arthralgia, fever, asthenia, and anorexia. Because of
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atypical clinical variants in new world cutaneous leishmaniasis disseminated Erysipeloid and recidiva cutis due to leishmania v panamensis
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2005Co-Authors: Manuel Calvopina, Eduardo A Gomez, Hiroshi Uezato, Hirotomo Kato, Shigeo Nonaka, Yoshihisa HashiguchiAbstract:In recent times, there has been an increase in the number of reports for new and rare variants of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Here, we describe three unusual clinical forms of CL identified in Ecuadorian children. A total of 131 patients with CL were diagnosed over a 2-year period of active search. In 3 (2.29%), the lesions were very unusual; these included Erysipeloid, recidiva cutis (LRC), and disseminated leishmaniasis (DL). The Erysipeloid case is characterized by erythematous and indurated plaque seen on the face of a 5-year-old boy; the LRC one is differentiated by slowly progressing red-brown papules around large scars of healed sores in a 6-year-old girl, and the DL case is characterized by dozens of cutaneous ulcers distributed in the whole body of a 1-year-old girl. Leishmania parasites were isolated by lesion aspirate and analyzed by the technique multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE). All three isolates were identified as Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis. These distinct clinical variants rarely have been reported previously in the American cutaneous leishmaniasis, and for the first time L. (V.) panamensis was identified as the etiologic agent. Our cases extend the spectrum of clinical presentations in New World leishmaniasis.
Meilin Jin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of the protective efficacy of four newly identified surface proteins of erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
Vaccine, 2018Co-Authors: Weifeng Zhu, Chengzhi Cai, Xiaomei Sun, Chao Kang, Ya Wang, Qiang Zhang, Meilin JinAbstract:Abstract Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is the causative agent of animal erysipelas and human Erysipeloid. Bacterial surface proteins are promising vaccine candidates. We recently identified 3 E. rhusiopathiae surface proteins (GAPDH, HP0728, and HP1472) and characterized their roles as virulence factors. However, their efficacy as protective antigens is still unknown. The N-terminal region of a previously identified surface protein, CbpB (CbpB-N), is speculated to be a protective antigen, but this needs to be verified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective efficacy of GAPDH, HP0728, HP1472, and CbpB-N. Immunization with recombinant GAPDH provided complete protection in a mouse model, recombinant CbpB-N provided partial protection, while recombinant HP0728 and HP1472 provided no protection. Recombinant GAPDH also provided good protection in a pig model. GAPDH antiserum exhibited significant blood bactericidal activity against E. rhusiopathiae. In conclusion, GAPDH and CbpB-N were found to be protective antigens of E. rhusiopathiae , and GAPDH is a promising vaccine candidate.
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characterization of pathogenic roles of two erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae surface proteins
Microbial Pathogenesis, 2018Co-Authors: Weifeng Zhu, Chengzhi Cai, Jingjing Huang, Liang Liu, Xiaomei Sun, Meilin JinAbstract:Abstract Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is the causative agent of animal erysipelas and human Erysipeloid. E. rhusiopathiae HP0728 and HP1472 have been reported to be down regulated in low-virulence or avirulent strains, but their pathogenic roles are not known. In this study, it was found that E. rhusiopathiae HP0728 and HP1472 were displayed on the surface of E. rhusiopathiae. Moreover, recombinant HP1472 could adhere to pig vascular endothelial cells. Recombinant HP0728 could bind host plasminogen but could not bind fibronectin. In conclusion, our work suggested that HP0728 and HP1472 are virulence factors of E. rhusiopathiae.
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characterization of roles of spaa in erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae adhesion to porcine endothelial cells
Microbial Pathogenesis, 2017Co-Authors: Weifeng Zhu, Chengzhi Cai, Xiaomei Sun, Chao Kang, Ya Wang, Meilin JinAbstract:Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is the causative agent of animal erysipelas and human Erysipeloid. The major protective antigen SpaA was suggested to play important roles in E. rhusiopathiae adhesion to host cells, but there is no specific study on SpaA pathogenic roles in adhesion. In this study we characterized direct and indirect roles of SpaA in E. rhusiopathiae adhesion to porcine endothelial cells. Recombinant E. rhusiopathiae SpaA (rSpaA) successfully binded to porcine iliac arterial endothelial cells. rSpaA protein pre-incubating endothelial cells or rSpaA antiserum pre-incubating E. rhusiopathiae significantly decreased E. rhusiopathiae adhesion to endothelial cells. rSpaA successfully binded host plasminogen and fibronectin, and rSpaA antiserum significantly decreased plasminogen-recruitment activity but not fibronectin-recruitment activity of E. rhusiopathiae. In conclusion, SpaA acts as adhesin in E. rhusiopathiae adhesion to host cells, and SpaA binding activity to host plasminogen highly likely play roles in this adhesion.
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erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae recruits host plasminogen via the major protective antigen spaa
Fems Microbiology Letters, 2017Co-Authors: Weifeng Zhu, Chengzhi Cai, Chao Kang, Ya Wang, Meilin JinAbstract:Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae is the causative agent of animal erysipelas and human Erysipeloid. Some pathogenic bacteria are able to recruit host plasminogen and then use the plasminogen system for migration across tissue barriers or for nutritional demands during infection. However, there is no study on E. rhusiopathiae recruitment of plasminogen. SpaA has long been known to be a major protective antigen of E. rhusiopathiae, but its roles in virulence have not yet been well clarified. The aim of this study was to detect the activity of E. rhusiopathiae to recruit host plasminogen and evaluate the ability of SpaA to act as a receptor in the recruitment process. It was found that E. rhusiopathiae could recruit host plasminogen. SpaA could specifically bind host plasminogen. Anti-SpaA serum could significantly decrease the activity of E. rhusiopathiae to recruit plasminogen. In addition, this binding activity was lysine dependent. In conclusion, E. rhusiopathiae was able to recruit host plasminogen via SpaA. To our knowledge, this is the first report on E. rhusiopathiae recruitment of host plasminogen and the receptor in the process.