The Experts below are selected from a list of 23034 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Stanislav V Bohac - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • particulate matter emission comparison from conventional and premixed low temperature combustion with diesel biodiesel and biodiesel Ethanol Fuels
    Fuel, 2013
    Co-Authors: Haoyue Zhu, Stanislav V Bohac
    Abstract:

    Abstract As worldwide energy and environmental pressures increase, interest in bioFuels such as biodiesel and Ethanol, and low emission diesel combustion modes such as premixed low temperature combustion (LTC), continues to grow. This study takes a detailed look at particulate matter (PM) from a single cylinder common rail diesel engine operated under conventional and premixed LTC combustion modes with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel–Ethanol Fuels. Soot, particle number and particle size distribution are investigated. Experiments show that for conventional combustion, accumulation mode particulates are reduced by biodiesel and reduced further by biodiesel-E20 (20% Ethanol by volume). The reduction is attributed to higher fuel oxygen content, lower stoichiometric air–fuel ratio and reduced aromatic content reducing carbonaceous soot. Nucleation mode particles from conventional combustion with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel-E20 Fuels show similar size distributions. For premixed LTC, biodiesel shifts the accumulation mode size distribution curve upwards (i.e., more particles) and towards smaller size particles relative to diesel. In LTC, biodiesel produces more semi-volatile organic carbon and lower soot. The shift in size distribution for biodiesel may be caused by more semi-volatile organic carbon in the exhaust causing an increase in the growth of particles nucleated from volatile species, and less soot leading to a reduction in the number of large carbonaceous agglomerates. Biodiesel-E20 decreases accumulation mode particles of all sizes by reducing soot and the amount of biodiesel-derived semi-volatile organic carbon available for growing particles. Biodiesel increases LTC nucleation mode particles relative to diesel. Biodiesel-E20 increases the amount of small nucleation particles (

  • particulate matter emission comparison from conventional and premixed low temperature combustion with diesel biodiesel and biodiesel Ethanol Fuels
    Fuel, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jianye Su, Stanislav V Bohac
    Abstract:

    Abstract As worldwide energy and environmental pressures increase, interest in bioFuels such as biodiesel and Ethanol, and low emission diesel combustion modes such as premixed low temperature combustion (LTC), continues to grow. This study takes a detailed look at particulate matter (PM) from a single cylinder common rail diesel engine operated under conventional and premixed LTC combustion modes with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel–Ethanol Fuels. Soot, particle number and particle size distribution are investigated. Experiments show that for conventional combustion, accumulation mode particulates are reduced by biodiesel and reduced further by biodiesel-E20 (20% Ethanol by volume). The reduction is attributed to higher fuel oxygen content, lower stoichiometric air–fuel ratio and reduced aromatic content reducing carbonaceous soot. Nucleation mode particles from conventional combustion with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel-E20 Fuels show similar size distributions. For premixed LTC, biodiesel shifts the accumulation mode size distribution curve upwards (i.e., more particles) and towards smaller size particles relative to diesel. In LTC, biodiesel produces more semi-volatile organic carbon and lower soot. The shift in size distribution for biodiesel may be caused by more semi-volatile organic carbon in the exhaust causing an increase in the growth of particles nucleated from volatile species, and less soot leading to a reduction in the number of large carbonaceous agglomerates. Biodiesel-E20 decreases accumulation mode particles of all sizes by reducing soot and the amount of biodiesel-derived semi-volatile organic carbon available for growing particles. Biodiesel increases LTC nucleation mode particles relative to diesel. Biodiesel-E20 increases the amount of small nucleation particles (

Jianye Su - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • particulate matter emission comparison from conventional and premixed low temperature combustion with diesel biodiesel and biodiesel Ethanol Fuels
    Fuel, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jianye Su, Stanislav V Bohac
    Abstract:

    Abstract As worldwide energy and environmental pressures increase, interest in bioFuels such as biodiesel and Ethanol, and low emission diesel combustion modes such as premixed low temperature combustion (LTC), continues to grow. This study takes a detailed look at particulate matter (PM) from a single cylinder common rail diesel engine operated under conventional and premixed LTC combustion modes with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel–Ethanol Fuels. Soot, particle number and particle size distribution are investigated. Experiments show that for conventional combustion, accumulation mode particulates are reduced by biodiesel and reduced further by biodiesel-E20 (20% Ethanol by volume). The reduction is attributed to higher fuel oxygen content, lower stoichiometric air–fuel ratio and reduced aromatic content reducing carbonaceous soot. Nucleation mode particles from conventional combustion with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel-E20 Fuels show similar size distributions. For premixed LTC, biodiesel shifts the accumulation mode size distribution curve upwards (i.e., more particles) and towards smaller size particles relative to diesel. In LTC, biodiesel produces more semi-volatile organic carbon and lower soot. The shift in size distribution for biodiesel may be caused by more semi-volatile organic carbon in the exhaust causing an increase in the growth of particles nucleated from volatile species, and less soot leading to a reduction in the number of large carbonaceous agglomerates. Biodiesel-E20 decreases accumulation mode particles of all sizes by reducing soot and the amount of biodiesel-derived semi-volatile organic carbon available for growing particles. Biodiesel increases LTC nucleation mode particles relative to diesel. Biodiesel-E20 increases the amount of small nucleation particles (

Haoyue Zhu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • particulate matter emission comparison from conventional and premixed low temperature combustion with diesel biodiesel and biodiesel Ethanol Fuels
    Fuel, 2013
    Co-Authors: Haoyue Zhu, Stanislav V Bohac
    Abstract:

    Abstract As worldwide energy and environmental pressures increase, interest in bioFuels such as biodiesel and Ethanol, and low emission diesel combustion modes such as premixed low temperature combustion (LTC), continues to grow. This study takes a detailed look at particulate matter (PM) from a single cylinder common rail diesel engine operated under conventional and premixed LTC combustion modes with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel–Ethanol Fuels. Soot, particle number and particle size distribution are investigated. Experiments show that for conventional combustion, accumulation mode particulates are reduced by biodiesel and reduced further by biodiesel-E20 (20% Ethanol by volume). The reduction is attributed to higher fuel oxygen content, lower stoichiometric air–fuel ratio and reduced aromatic content reducing carbonaceous soot. Nucleation mode particles from conventional combustion with diesel, biodiesel and biodiesel-E20 Fuels show similar size distributions. For premixed LTC, biodiesel shifts the accumulation mode size distribution curve upwards (i.e., more particles) and towards smaller size particles relative to diesel. In LTC, biodiesel produces more semi-volatile organic carbon and lower soot. The shift in size distribution for biodiesel may be caused by more semi-volatile organic carbon in the exhaust causing an increase in the growth of particles nucleated from volatile species, and less soot leading to a reduction in the number of large carbonaceous agglomerates. Biodiesel-E20 decreases accumulation mode particles of all sizes by reducing soot and the amount of biodiesel-derived semi-volatile organic carbon available for growing particles. Biodiesel increases LTC nucleation mode particles relative to diesel. Biodiesel-E20 increases the amount of small nucleation particles (

Kwang Hee Yoo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Gumersindo Feijoo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • comparative environmental performance of lignocellulosic Ethanol from different feedstocks
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2010
    Co-Authors: Sara Gonzalezgarcia, Teresa M Moreira, Gumersindo Feijoo
    Abstract:

    A renewable biofuel economy is projected as a pathway to decrease dependence on fossil Fuels as well as to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions. Ethanol produced on large-scale from lignocellulosic raw materials is considered the most potential next generation automotive fuel. In this paper, a Life Cycle Assessment model was developed to evaluate the environmental implications of the production of Ethanol from five lignocellulosic materials: alfalfa stems, poplar, Ethiopian mustard, flax shives and hemp hurds and its use in passenger cars. Two Ethanol-based fuel applications, E10 (a mixture of 10% Ethanol and 90% gasoline by volume) and E85 (85% Ethanol and 15% gasoline by volume) were assessed and the results were compared to those of conventional gasoline (CG) in an equivalent car. The environmental performance was assessed in terms of fossil Fuels requirements, global warming, photochemical oxidant formation, acidification and eutrophication by means of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology in order to identify the best environmental friendly lignocellulosic source. The results show that, compared to CG, life cycle greenhouse gases emissions are lower for etanol blends, specifically up to 145% lower for E85-fueled car derived from Ethiopian mustard. This crop is also the best option in terms of eutrophying emissions regardless the ratio of Ethanol in the blend. In the remaining impact categories, other feedstocks are considered beneficial, that is, poplar in the case of photochemical oxidants formation and flax shives for acidification. Concerning fossil Fuels requirements, decreases up to 10% and 63% for E10 and E85 derived from hemp hurds and Ethiopian mustard, respectively, were obtained. According to the results, the study clearly demonstrates the importance of using low intensive energy and high biomass yield crops. LCA procedure helps to identify the key areas in the Ethanol production life cycle where the researchers and technicians need to work to improve the environmental performance. Technological development could help in lowering both the environmental impact and the prices of the Ethanol Fuels.

  • environmental aspects of Ethanol based Fuels from brassica carinata a case study of second generation Ethanol
    Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2009
    Co-Authors: Sara Gonzalezgarcia, Carles M. Gasol, Joan Rieradevall, Xavier Gabarrell, Ma Teresa Moreira, Gumersindo Feijoo
    Abstract:

    One of the main challenges faced by mankind in the 21st century is to meet the increasing demand for energy requirements by means of a more sustainable energy supply. In countries that are net fossil fuel importers, expectation about the benefit of using alternative Fuels on reducing oil imports is the primary driving force behind efforts to promote its production and use. Spain is scarce in domestic energy sources and more than 50% of the energy used is fossil fuel based. The promotion of renewable energies use is one of the principal vectors in the Spanish energy policy. Selected herbaceous crops such as Brassica carinata are currently under study as potential energy sources. Its biomass can be considered as potential feedstock to Ethanol conversion by an enzymatic process due to the characteristics of its composition, rich in cellulose and hemicellulose. This paper aims to analyse the environmental performance of two Ethanol-based fuel applications (E10 and E85) in a passenger car (E10 fuel: a mixture of 10% Ethanol and 90% gasoline by volume; E85 fuel: a mixture of 85% Ethanol and 15% gasoline by volume) as well as their comparison with conventional gasoline as transport fuel. Two types of functional units are applied in this study: Ethanol production oriented and travelling distance oriented functional units in order to reflect the availability or not of Ethanol supply. E85 seems to be the best alternative when Ethanol production based functional unit is considered in terms of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and E10 in terms of non-renewable energy resources use. Nevertheless, E85 offers the best environmental performance when travelling distance oriented functional unit is assumed in both impacts. In both functional unit perspectives, the use of Ethanol-based Fuels reduces the global warming and fossil Fuels consumption. However, the contributions to other impact indicators (e.g. acidification, eutrophication and photochemical oxidants formation) were lower for conventional gasoline. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) procedure helps to identify the key areas in the B. carinata Ethanol production life cycle where the researchers and technicians need to work to improve the environmental performance. Technological development could help in lowering both the environmental impact and the prices of the Ethanol Fuels.