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Nancy Krieger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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measuring everyday racial Ethnic Discrimination in health surveys how best to ask the questions in one or two stages across multiple racial Ethnic groups 1
Du Bois Review, 2011Co-Authors: Salma Shariffmarco, Hope Landrine, Nancy Krieger, Nancy Breen, Bryce B Reeve, David R Williams, Vickie M Mays, Ninez A Ponce, Margarita Alegria, Gordon WillisAbstract:While it is clear that self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination is related to illness, there are challenges in measuring self-reported Discrimination or unfair treatment. In the present study, we evaluate the psychometric properties of a self-reported instrument across racial/ Ethnic groups in a population-based sample, and we test and interpret findings from applying two different widely-used approaches to asking about Discrimination and unfair treatment. Even though we found that the subset of items we tested tap into a single underlying concept, we also found that different groups are more likely to report on different aspects of Discrimination. Whether race is mentioned in the survey question affects both frequency and mean scores of reports of racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Our findings suggest caution to researchers when comparing studies that have used different approaches to measure racial/Ethnic Discrimination and allow us to suggest practical empirical guidelines for measuring and analyzing racial/Ethnic Discrimination. No less important, we have developed a self-reported measure of recent racial/Ethnic Discrimination that functions well in a range of different racial/Ethnic groups and makes it possible to compare how racial/Ethnic Discrimination is associated with health disparities among multiple racial/Ethnic groups.
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MEASURING EVERYDAY RACIAL/Ethnic Discrimination IN HEALTH SURVEYS How Best to Ask the Questions, in One or Two Stages, Across Multiple Racial/Ethnic Groups? 1
Du Bois Review, 2011Co-Authors: Salma Shariff-marco, Hope Landrine, Nancy Krieger, Nancy Breen, Bryce B Reeve, David R Williams, Vickie M Mays, Ninez A Ponce, Margarita AlegriaAbstract:While it is clear that self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination is related to illness, there are challenges in measuring self-reported Discrimination or unfair treatment. In the present study, we evaluate the psychometric properties of a self-reported instrument across racial/ Ethnic groups in a population-based sample, and we test and interpret findings from applying two different widely-used approaches to asking about Discrimination and unfair treatment. Even though we found that the subset of items we tested tap into a single underlying concept, we also found that different groups are more likely to report on different aspects of Discrimination. Whether race is mentioned in the survey question affects both frequency and mean scores of reports of racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Our findings suggest caution to researchers when comparing studies that have used different approaches to measure racial/Ethnic Discrimination and allow us to suggest practical empirical guidelines for measuring and analyzing racial/Ethnic Discrimination. No less important, we have developed a self-reported measure of recent racial/Ethnic Discrimination that functions well in a range of different racial/Ethnic groups and makes it possible to compare how racial/Ethnic Discrimination is associated with health disparities among multiple racial/Ethnic groups.
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A mixed-methods approach to developing a self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination measure for use in multiEthnic health surveys.
Ethnicity & Disease, 2009Co-Authors: Salma Shariff-marco, Hope Landrine, Nancy Krieger, Nancy Breen, Bryce B Reeve, Ninez A Ponce, Gordon Willis, David Grant, David R WilliamsAbstract:Objective: The development of measures of self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination is an active area of research, but few measures have been validated across multiple racial/Ethnic and language groups. Our goal is to develop and evaluate a Discrimination measure that is appropriate for use in surveys of racially and Ethnically diverse populations. Methods: To develop our measure, we employ a mixed-methods approach for survey research, drawing from both qualitative and quantitative traditions, including literature review, cognitive testing, psychometric analyses, behavior coding as well as two rounds of field testing using a split-sample design. We tested our new measure using two different approaches to elicit self-reported experiences of racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Results: Our new measure captures four dimensions of racial/Ethnic Discrimination: 1) frequency of encounters with Discrimination across several domains (eg, medical care, school, work, street and other public places); 2) timing of exposure (eg recent, lifetime); 3) appraisal of Discrimination as stressful; and 4) responses to Discrimination.
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alcohol disorders among asian americans associations with unfair treatment racial Ethnic Discrimination and Ethnic identification the national latino and asian americans study 2002 2003
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2008Co-Authors: David H. Chae, David T Takeuchi, Elizabeth M Barbeau, Gary G Bennett, Jane C Lindsey, Anne M Stoddard, Nancy KriegerAbstract:Study objective: To examine history of alcohol abuse/dependence disorder in relation to unfair treatment, racial/Ethnic Discrimination, and Ethnic identification among Asian Americans. Design: Weighted multivariate analyses of cross-sectional national survey data predicting lifetime history of alcohol abuse/dependence disorders. Setting: USA, Asian Americans. Participants: 2007 Asian American adults recruited to the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS; 2002–2003). Results: Controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, Asian Americans who reported experiencing unfair treatment had higher odds of history of alcohol abuse/dependence disorder (OR 5.26, 95% CI 1.90 to 14.56). Participants who reported high levels of Ethnic identification had lower odds of history of alcohol abuse/dependence disorders (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.90). Ethnic identification moderated the influence of racial/Ethnic Discrimination (p = 0.097). Among participants with low levels of Ethnic identification, racial/Ethnic Discrimination was associated with greater odds of having a history of alcohol disorder compared with those with high levels of Ethnic identification. Conclusions: Social hazards such as unfair treatment and racial/Ethnic Discrimination should be considered in the development of programmes addressing alcohol disorders among Asian Americans. Interventions that promote Ethnic identification in this population may be particularly relevant in mitigating the negative influence of racial/Ethnic Discrimination on alcohol disorders.
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unfair treatment racial Ethnic Discrimination Ethnic identification and smoking among asian americans in the national latino and asian american study
American Journal of Public Health, 2008Co-Authors: David H. Chae, David T Takeuchi, Elizabeth M Barbeau, Gary G Bennett, Jane C Lindsey, Nancy KriegerAbstract:OBJECTIVES: We examined the relations of self-report of general unfair treatment and self-report of race/Ethnicity-specific Discrimination with current smoking among Asian Americans. We investigated whether Ethnic identification moderated either association. METHODS: Weighted logistic regressions were performed among 1977 Asian Americans recruited to the National Latino and Asian American Study (2002-2003). RESULTS: In weighted multivariate logistic regression models including both general unfair treatment and racial/Ethnic Discrimination, odds of current smoking were higher among Asian Americans who reported high levels of unfair treatment (odds ratio [OR]=2.80; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.13, 6.95) and high levels of racial/Ethnic Discrimination (OR=2.40; 95% CI=0.94, 6.12) compared with those who reported no unfair treatment and Discrimination, respectively. High levels of Ethnic identification moderated racial/Ethnic Discrimination (F(3) =3.25; P =.03). High levels of Ethnic identification were associated with lower probability of current smoking among participants reporting high levels of racial/Ethnic Discrimination. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that experiences of unfair treatment and racial/Ethnic Discrimination are risk factors for smoking among Asian Americans. Efforts to promote Ethnic identification may be effective in mitigating the influence of racial/Ethnic Discrimination on smoking in this population.
Luisa N Borrell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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self reported racial Ethnic Discrimination and bronchodilator response in african american youth with asthma
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Sonia Carlson, Luisa N Borrell, Myngoc Nguyen, Shannon Thyne, Michael A Lenoir, Nadine Burkeharris, Esteban G Burchard, Neeta ThakurAbstract:Importance Asthma is a multifactorial disease composed of endotypes with varying risk profiles and outcomes. African Americans experience a high burden of asthma and of psychosocial stress, including racial Discrimination. It is unknown which endotypes of asthma are vulnerable to racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Objective We examined the association between self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination and bronchodilator response (BDR) among African American youth with asthma ages 8 to 21 years (n = 576) and whether this association varies with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) level. Materials and methods Self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination was assessed by a modified Experiences of Discrimination questionnaire as none or any. Using spirometry, BDR was specified as the mean percentage change in forced expiratory volume in one second before and after albuterol administration. TNF-α was specified as high/low levels based on our study population mean. Linear regression was used to examine the association between self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination and BDR adjusted for selected characteristics. An interaction term between TNF-α levels and self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination was tested in the final model. Results Almost half of participants (48.8%) reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination. The mean percent BDR was higher among participants reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination than among those who did not (10.8 versus 8.9, p = 0.006). After adjustment, participants reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had a 1.7 (95% CI: 0.36–3.03) higher BDR mean than those not reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination. However, we found heterogeneity of this association according to TNF-α levels (p-interaction = 0.040): Among individuals with TNF-α high level only, we observed a 2.78 higher BDR mean among those reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination compared with those not reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination (95%CI: 0.79–4.77). Conclusions We found BDR to be increased in participants reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination and this association was limited to African American youth with TNF-α high asthma, an endotype thought to be resistant to traditional asthma medications. These results support screening for racial/Ethnic Discrimination in those with asthma as it may reclassify disease pathogenesis.
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Self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination and bronchodilator response in African American youth with asthma
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Sonia Carlson, Luisa N Borrell, Myngoc Nguyen, Shannon Thyne, Michael A Lenoir, Esteban G Burchard, Nadine Burke-harris, Neeta ThakurAbstract:Importance Asthma is a multifactorial disease composed of endotypes with varying risk profiles and outcomes. African Americans experience a high burden of asthma and of psychosocial stress, including racial Discrimination. It is unknown which endotypes of asthma are vulnerable to racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Objective We examined the association between self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination and bronchodilator response (BDR) among African American youth with asthma ages 8 to 21 years (n = 576) and whether this association varies with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) level. Materials and methods Self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination was assessed by a modified Experiences of Discrimination questionnaire as none or any. Using spirometry, BDR was specified as the mean percentage change in forced expiratory volume in one second before and after albuterol administration. TNF-α was specified as high/low levels based on our study population mean. Linear regression was used to examine the association between self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination and BDR adjusted for selected characteristics. An interaction term between TNF-α levels and self-reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination was tested in the final model. Results Almost half of participants (48.8%) reported racial/Ethnic Discrimination. The mean percent BDR was higher among participants reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination than among those who did not (10.8 versus 8.9, p = 0.006). After adjustment, participants reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had a 1.7 (95% CI: 0.36–3.03) higher BDR mean than those not reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination. However, we found heterogeneity of this association according to TNF-α levels (p-interaction = 0.040): Among individuals with TNF-α high level only, we observed a 2.78 higher BDR mean among those reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination compared with those not reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination (95%CI: 0.79–4.77). Conclusions We found BDR to be increased in participants reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination and this association was limited to African American youth with TNF-α high asthma, an endotype thought to be resistant to traditional asthma medications. These results support screening for racial/Ethnic Discrimination in those with asthma as it may reclassify disease pathogenesis.
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perceived racial Ethnic Discrimination smoking and alcohol consumption in the multi Ethnic study of atherosclerosis mesa
Preventive Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: Luisa N Borrell, Ana Diez V Roux, David R Jacobs, Steven Shea, Sharon A Jackson, Sandi Shrager, Roger S BlumenthalAbstract:Objective To examine the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking and alcohol consumption in adults participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Methods Data on 6680 black, Chinese, Hispanic and white adults aged 45 to 84 years of age recruited from Illinois, New York, Maryland, North Carolina, Minnesota and California during 2000 and 2002 were used for this analysis. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking status and alcohol consumption for each racial/Ethnic group separately. Results Blacks were more likely to experience racial/Ethnic Discrimination (43%) than Hispanics (19%), Chinese participants (10%) or whites (4%, P < 0.0001). In the fully-adjusted model, blacks reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 34% and 51% greater odds of reporting smoking and drinking, respectively, than blacks who did not report racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Hispanics reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 62% greater odds of heavy drinking. Whites reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 88% greater odds of reporting being current smokers than whites who did not report racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the experience of Discrimination is associated with greater prevalence of unhealthy behaviors. Specifically, the use of smoking and alcohol may be patterned by experience of Discrimination.
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Perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination, smoking and alcohol consumption in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Preventive Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: Luisa N Borrell, David R Jacobs, Steven Shea, Sharon A Jackson, Sandi Shrager, Ana V. Diez Roux, Roger S BlumenthalAbstract:Objective To examine the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking and alcohol consumption in adults participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Methods Data on 6680 black, Chinese, Hispanic and white adults aged 45 to 84 years of age recruited from Illinois, New York, Maryland, North Carolina, Minnesota and California during 2000 and 2002 were used for this analysis. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking status and alcohol consumption for each racial/Ethnic group separately. Results Blacks were more likely to experience racial/Ethnic Discrimination (43%) than Hispanics (19%), Chinese participants (10%) or whites (4%, P
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Perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination, smoking and alcohol consumption in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Preventive medicine, 2010Co-Authors: Luisa N Borrell, David R Jacobs, Steven Shea, Sharon A Jackson, Sandi Shrager, Ana V Diez Roux, Roger S BlumenthalAbstract:To examine the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking and alcohol consumption in adults participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Data on 6680 black, Chinese, Hispanic and white adults aged 45 to 84 years of age recruited from Illinois, New York, Maryland, North Carolina, Minnesota and California during 2000 and 2002 were used for this analysis. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking status and alcohol consumption for each racial/Ethnic group separately. Blacks were more likely to experience racial/Ethnic Discrimination (43%) than Hispanics (19%), Chinese participants (10%) or whites (4%, P<0.0001). In the fully-adjusted model, blacks reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 34% and 51% greater odds of reporting smoking and drinking, respectively, than blacks who did not report racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Hispanics reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 62% greater odds of heavy drinking. Whites reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 88% greater odds of reporting being current smokers than whites who did not report racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Our findings suggest that the experience of Discrimination is associated with greater prevalence of unhealthy behaviors. Specifically, the use of smoking and alcohol may be patterned by experience of Discrimination. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
David H. Chae - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Maternal experiences of Ethnic Discrimination and child cardiometabolic outcomes in the Study of Latino Youth.
Annals of Epidemiology, 2019Co-Authors: Natalie Slopen, Garrett Strizich, Linda C. Gallo, David H. Chae, Naomi Priest, Matthew J. Gurka, Shrikant I. Bangdiwala, Julia I. Bravin, Earle C. ChambersAbstract:Abstract Purpose Limited research has examined maternal experiences of racial/Ethnic Discrimination in relation to child cardiometabolic health. In this study, we investigated whether maternal experiences of Ethnic Discrimination were associated with cardiometabolic risk in Hispanic/Latino youth several years later. Methods Our sample included 1146 youth (8–16 years) from the Study of Latino Youth (2012–2014), who were children of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos participants (2008–2011). We used regression models to examine the prospective associations between maternal report of Ethnic Discrimination in relation to her child's body mass index (BMI) z-score, metabolic syndrome score (MetS), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels 2 years later. Results Maternal Ethnic Discrimination was associated with youth hsCRP, but not BMI or MetS ( P -values >.05). Adjusting for age, nativity, and national background, maternal Ethnic Discrimination was associated with higher (log) hsCRP levels (β = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.04 to 0.32) in children. This association was robust to adjustment for maternal and household characteristics (β = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.04 to 0.31), as well as maternal depression and maternal BMI. Conclusions Maternal Ethnic Discrimination is associated with inflammation among Hispanic/Latino youth, and not BMI z-score or MetS. Studies are needed to address temporality and pathways.
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alcohol disorders among asian americans associations with unfair treatment racial Ethnic Discrimination and Ethnic identification the national latino and asian americans study 2002 2003
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 2008Co-Authors: David H. Chae, David T Takeuchi, Elizabeth M Barbeau, Gary G Bennett, Jane C Lindsey, Anne M Stoddard, Nancy KriegerAbstract:Study objective: To examine history of alcohol abuse/dependence disorder in relation to unfair treatment, racial/Ethnic Discrimination, and Ethnic identification among Asian Americans. Design: Weighted multivariate analyses of cross-sectional national survey data predicting lifetime history of alcohol abuse/dependence disorders. Setting: USA, Asian Americans. Participants: 2007 Asian American adults recruited to the National Latino and Asian American Study (NLAAS; 2002–2003). Results: Controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, Asian Americans who reported experiencing unfair treatment had higher odds of history of alcohol abuse/dependence disorder (OR 5.26, 95% CI 1.90 to 14.56). Participants who reported high levels of Ethnic identification had lower odds of history of alcohol abuse/dependence disorders (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.23 to 0.90). Ethnic identification moderated the influence of racial/Ethnic Discrimination (p = 0.097). Among participants with low levels of Ethnic identification, racial/Ethnic Discrimination was associated with greater odds of having a history of alcohol disorder compared with those with high levels of Ethnic identification. Conclusions: Social hazards such as unfair treatment and racial/Ethnic Discrimination should be considered in the development of programmes addressing alcohol disorders among Asian Americans. Interventions that promote Ethnic identification in this population may be particularly relevant in mitigating the negative influence of racial/Ethnic Discrimination on alcohol disorders.
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unfair treatment racial Ethnic Discrimination Ethnic identification and smoking among asian americans in the national latino and asian american study
American Journal of Public Health, 2008Co-Authors: David H. Chae, David T Takeuchi, Elizabeth M Barbeau, Gary G Bennett, Jane C Lindsey, Nancy KriegerAbstract:OBJECTIVES: We examined the relations of self-report of general unfair treatment and self-report of race/Ethnicity-specific Discrimination with current smoking among Asian Americans. We investigated whether Ethnic identification moderated either association. METHODS: Weighted logistic regressions were performed among 1977 Asian Americans recruited to the National Latino and Asian American Study (2002-2003). RESULTS: In weighted multivariate logistic regression models including both general unfair treatment and racial/Ethnic Discrimination, odds of current smoking were higher among Asian Americans who reported high levels of unfair treatment (odds ratio [OR]=2.80; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.13, 6.95) and high levels of racial/Ethnic Discrimination (OR=2.40; 95% CI=0.94, 6.12) compared with those who reported no unfair treatment and Discrimination, respectively. High levels of Ethnic identification moderated racial/Ethnic Discrimination (F(3) =3.25; P =.03). High levels of Ethnic identification were associated with lower probability of current smoking among participants reporting high levels of racial/Ethnic Discrimination. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that experiences of unfair treatment and racial/Ethnic Discrimination are risk factors for smoking among Asian Americans. Efforts to promote Ethnic identification may be effective in mitigating the influence of racial/Ethnic Discrimination on smoking in this population.
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Unfair Treatment, Racial/Ethnic Discrimination, Ethnic Identification, and Smoking Among Asian Americans in the National Latino and Asian American Study
American Journal of Public Health, 2008Co-Authors: David H. Chae, David T Takeuchi, Elizabeth M Barbeau, Gary G Bennett, Jane C Lindsey, Nancy KriegerAbstract:OBJECTIVES: We examined the relations of self-report of general unfair treatment and self-report of race/Ethnicity-specific Discrimination with current smoking among Asian Americans. We investigated whether Ethnic identification moderated either association. METHODS: Weighted logistic regressions were performed among 1977 Asian Americans recruited to the National Latino and Asian American Study (2002-2003). RESULTS: In weighted multivariate logistic regression models including both general unfair treatment and racial/Ethnic Discrimination, odds of current smoking were higher among Asian Americans who reported high levels of unfair treatment (odds ratio [OR]=2.80; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.13, 6.95) and high levels of racial/Ethnic Discrimination (OR=2.40; 95% CI=0.94, 6.12) compared with those who reported no unfair treatment and Discrimination, respectively. High levels of Ethnic identification moderated racial/Ethnic Discrimination (F(3) =3.25; P =.03). High levels of Ethnic identification were associated with lower probability of current smoking among participants reporting high levels of racial/Ethnic Discrimination. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that experiences of unfair treatment and racial/Ethnic Discrimination are risk factors for smoking among Asian Americans. Efforts to promote Ethnic identification may be effective in mitigating the influence of racial/Ethnic Discrimination on smoking in this population.
Roger S Blumenthal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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perceived racial Ethnic Discrimination smoking and alcohol consumption in the multi Ethnic study of atherosclerosis mesa
Preventive Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: Luisa N Borrell, Ana Diez V Roux, David R Jacobs, Steven Shea, Sharon A Jackson, Sandi Shrager, Roger S BlumenthalAbstract:Objective To examine the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking and alcohol consumption in adults participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Methods Data on 6680 black, Chinese, Hispanic and white adults aged 45 to 84 years of age recruited from Illinois, New York, Maryland, North Carolina, Minnesota and California during 2000 and 2002 were used for this analysis. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking status and alcohol consumption for each racial/Ethnic group separately. Results Blacks were more likely to experience racial/Ethnic Discrimination (43%) than Hispanics (19%), Chinese participants (10%) or whites (4%, P < 0.0001). In the fully-adjusted model, blacks reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 34% and 51% greater odds of reporting smoking and drinking, respectively, than blacks who did not report racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Hispanics reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 62% greater odds of heavy drinking. Whites reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 88% greater odds of reporting being current smokers than whites who did not report racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the experience of Discrimination is associated with greater prevalence of unhealthy behaviors. Specifically, the use of smoking and alcohol may be patterned by experience of Discrimination.
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Perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination, smoking and alcohol consumption in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Preventive Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: Luisa N Borrell, David R Jacobs, Steven Shea, Sharon A Jackson, Sandi Shrager, Ana V. Diez Roux, Roger S BlumenthalAbstract:Objective To examine the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking and alcohol consumption in adults participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Methods Data on 6680 black, Chinese, Hispanic and white adults aged 45 to 84 years of age recruited from Illinois, New York, Maryland, North Carolina, Minnesota and California during 2000 and 2002 were used for this analysis. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking status and alcohol consumption for each racial/Ethnic group separately. Results Blacks were more likely to experience racial/Ethnic Discrimination (43%) than Hispanics (19%), Chinese participants (10%) or whites (4%, P
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Perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination, smoking and alcohol consumption in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Preventive medicine, 2010Co-Authors: Luisa N Borrell, David R Jacobs, Steven Shea, Sharon A Jackson, Sandi Shrager, Ana V Diez Roux, Roger S BlumenthalAbstract:To examine the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking and alcohol consumption in adults participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Data on 6680 black, Chinese, Hispanic and white adults aged 45 to 84 years of age recruited from Illinois, New York, Maryland, North Carolina, Minnesota and California during 2000 and 2002 were used for this analysis. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking status and alcohol consumption for each racial/Ethnic group separately. Blacks were more likely to experience racial/Ethnic Discrimination (43%) than Hispanics (19%), Chinese participants (10%) or whites (4%, P<0.0001). In the fully-adjusted model, blacks reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 34% and 51% greater odds of reporting smoking and drinking, respectively, than blacks who did not report racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Hispanics reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 62% greater odds of heavy drinking. Whites reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 88% greater odds of reporting being current smokers than whites who did not report racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Our findings suggest that the experience of Discrimination is associated with greater prevalence of unhealthy behaviors. Specifically, the use of smoking and alcohol may be patterned by experience of Discrimination. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
David R Jacobs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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changes in waist circumference and body mass index in the us cardia cohort fixed effects associations with self reported experiences of racial Ethnic Discrimination
Journal of Biosocial Science, 2013Co-Authors: Timothy J Cunningham, David R Jacobs, Lisa F Berkman, Ichiro Kawachi, Teresa E Seeman, Catarina I Kiefe, Steven L GortmakerAbstract:Prior studies examining the association between self-reported experiences of racial/Ethnic Discrimination and obesity have had mixed results and primarily been cross-sectional. This study tests the hypothesis that an increase in self-reported experiences of racial/Ethnic Discrimination predicts gains in waist circumference and body mass index in Black and White women and men over eight years. In race/Ethnicity- and gender-stratified models, this study examined whether change in self-reported experiences of racial/Ethnic Discrimination predicts changes in waist circumference and body mass index over time using a fixed-effects regression approach in SAS statistical software, providing control for both measured and unmeasured time-invariant covariates. Between 1992–93 and 2000–01, self-reported experiences of racial/Ethnic Discrimination decreased among 843 Black women (75% to 73%), 601 Black men (80% to 77%), 893 White women (30% to 23%) and 856 White men (28% to 23%). In fixed-effects regression models, controlling for all time-invariant covariates, social desirability bias, and changes in education and parity (women only) over time, an increase in self-reported experiences of racial/Ethnic Discrimination over time was significantly associated with an increase in waist circumference (β=1.09, 95% CI: 0.00–2.19, p =0.05) and an increase in body mass index (β=0.67, 95% CI: 0.19–1.16, p =0.007) among Black women. No associations were observed among Black men and White women and men. These findings suggest that an increase in self-reported experiences of racial/Ethnic Discrimination may be associated with increases in waist circumference and body mass index among Black women over time.
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perceived racial Ethnic Discrimination smoking and alcohol consumption in the multi Ethnic study of atherosclerosis mesa
Preventive Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: Luisa N Borrell, Ana Diez V Roux, David R Jacobs, Steven Shea, Sharon A Jackson, Sandi Shrager, Roger S BlumenthalAbstract:Objective To examine the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking and alcohol consumption in adults participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Methods Data on 6680 black, Chinese, Hispanic and white adults aged 45 to 84 years of age recruited from Illinois, New York, Maryland, North Carolina, Minnesota and California during 2000 and 2002 were used for this analysis. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking status and alcohol consumption for each racial/Ethnic group separately. Results Blacks were more likely to experience racial/Ethnic Discrimination (43%) than Hispanics (19%), Chinese participants (10%) or whites (4%, P < 0.0001). In the fully-adjusted model, blacks reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 34% and 51% greater odds of reporting smoking and drinking, respectively, than blacks who did not report racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Hispanics reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 62% greater odds of heavy drinking. Whites reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 88% greater odds of reporting being current smokers than whites who did not report racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the experience of Discrimination is associated with greater prevalence of unhealthy behaviors. Specifically, the use of smoking and alcohol may be patterned by experience of Discrimination.
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Perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination, smoking and alcohol consumption in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Preventive Medicine, 2010Co-Authors: Luisa N Borrell, David R Jacobs, Steven Shea, Sharon A Jackson, Sandi Shrager, Ana V. Diez Roux, Roger S BlumenthalAbstract:Objective To examine the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking and alcohol consumption in adults participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Methods Data on 6680 black, Chinese, Hispanic and white adults aged 45 to 84 years of age recruited from Illinois, New York, Maryland, North Carolina, Minnesota and California during 2000 and 2002 were used for this analysis. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking status and alcohol consumption for each racial/Ethnic group separately. Results Blacks were more likely to experience racial/Ethnic Discrimination (43%) than Hispanics (19%), Chinese participants (10%) or whites (4%, P
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Perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination, smoking and alcohol consumption in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Preventive medicine, 2010Co-Authors: Luisa N Borrell, David R Jacobs, Steven Shea, Sharon A Jackson, Sandi Shrager, Ana V Diez Roux, Roger S BlumenthalAbstract:To examine the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking and alcohol consumption in adults participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Data on 6680 black, Chinese, Hispanic and white adults aged 45 to 84 years of age recruited from Illinois, New York, Maryland, North Carolina, Minnesota and California during 2000 and 2002 were used for this analysis. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association of perceived racial/Ethnic Discrimination with smoking status and alcohol consumption for each racial/Ethnic group separately. Blacks were more likely to experience racial/Ethnic Discrimination (43%) than Hispanics (19%), Chinese participants (10%) or whites (4%, P<0.0001). In the fully-adjusted model, blacks reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 34% and 51% greater odds of reporting smoking and drinking, respectively, than blacks who did not report racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Hispanics reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 62% greater odds of heavy drinking. Whites reporting racial/Ethnic Discrimination had 88% greater odds of reporting being current smokers than whites who did not report racial/Ethnic Discrimination. Our findings suggest that the experience of Discrimination is associated with greater prevalence of unhealthy behaviors. Specifically, the use of smoking and alcohol may be patterned by experience of Discrimination. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.