The Experts below are selected from a list of 124686 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
J Tehrani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the uses of Ethnography in the science of cultural evolution commentary on mesoudi a whiten a and k laland toward a unified science of cultural evolution
Behavioural and Brain Sciences 29 (4) pp. 363-364. (2006), 2006Co-Authors: J TehraniAbstract:There is considerable scope for developing a more explicit role for Ethnography within the research program proposed in the article. Ethnographic studies of cultural micro-evolution would complement experimental approaches by providing insights into the “natural” settings in which cultural behaviours occur. Ethnography can also contribute to the study of cultural macro-evolution by shedding light on the conditions that generate and maintain cultural lineages.
Cooper Nina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cumulative Impact: Digital Ethnography of Environmental Activism in the Mountain View Community
UNM Digital Repository, 2016Co-Authors: Cooper NinaAbstract:While digital Ethnography is a growing genre in communication, there is a salient need to fill the gaps of knowledge concerning health communication using a digital format. Digital Ethnography holds the potential of reaching larger audiences, incorporating more stakeholders, and adding previously muted voices – individuals from non-academic communities as well as communities of color – to health research dialectics. With limited use of this tool in the field of health communication, there remain untapped opportunities for intra-disciplinary work within the communication field (e.g., Ethnography, performance Ethnography, critical Ethnography) and beyond. By combining Ethnography and community-based participatory research as theoretical frameworks and digital Ethnography as an approach, seminal opportunities may be discovered in understanding the role of environmental discourse in human behavior, promoting higher levels of community participation, engaging those who are most greatly impacted by environmental issues, and fostering positive social change. The purpose of this study is three-fold: (1) to document on-going efforts of Mountain View community leaders and residents to survive, cope with, and remediate environmental damage resulting from the hazard waste siting in their area of 33 out of 35 EPA sites; (2) to explore lives, unique culture, and continuing activism of Mountain View residents, as they seek to construct a reality that transcends their being targeted as a dumping ground for environmental pollutants; and (3) to encourage social action by offering ways in which people can not only procure knowledge and empowerment regarding environmental threats, but also pursue practical responses to alleviate them. The Mountain View neighborhood has long battled against environmental injustice. While the EPA Office of Justice (2015) suggests that no group of people should bear disproportionate shares of environmental threats and promotes environmental justice through the fair treatment and meaning involvement of all people groups, Mountain View is one New Mexican community where residents continue to experience unequal protection against environmental hazards. This Cumulative Impact Project focuses upon on the 35-year period of Mountain View history beginning in the early 1980’s when community organizing efforts became increasingly galvanized. When a community infant was poisoned and hospitalized with “blue baby syndrome,” a medical condition that causes an infant’s hands, feet, nails, and skin to become bluish as a result of the blood’s reduced ability to carry oxygen, community residents were in an uproar over the threat of potential suffocation of the area’s most vulnerable citizens
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Cumulative Impact: Digital Ethnography of Environmental Activism in the Mountain View Community
2016Co-Authors: Cooper NinaAbstract:While digital Ethnography is a growing genre in communication, there is a salient need to fill the gaps of knowledge concerning health communication using a digital format. Digital Ethnography holds the potential of reaching larger audiences, incorporating more stakeholders, and adding previously muted voices – individuals from non-academic communities as well as communities of color – to health research dialectics. With limited use of this tool in the field of health communication, there remain untapped opportunities for intra-disciplinary work within the communication field (e.g., Ethnography, performance Ethnography, critical Ethnography) and beyond. By combining Ethnography and community-based participatory research as theoretical frameworks and digital Ethnography as an approach, seminal opportunities may be discovered in understanding the role of environmental discourse in human behavior, promoting higher levels of community participation, engaging those who are most greatly impacted by environmental issues, and fostering positive social change. The purpose of this study is three-fold: (1) to document on-going efforts of Mountain View community leaders and residents to survive, cope with, and remediate environmental damage resulting from the hazard waste siting in their area of 33 out of 35 EPA sites; (2) to explore lives, unique culture, and continuing activism of Mountain View residents, as they seek to construct a reality that transcends their being targeted as a dumping ground for environmental pollutants; and (3) to encourage social action by offering ways in which people can not only procure knowledge and empowerment regarding environmental threats, but also pursue practical responses to alleviate them. The Mountain View neighborhood has long battled against environmental injustice. While the EPA Office of Justice (2015) suggests that no group of people should bear disproportionate shares of environmental threats and promotes environmental justice through the fair treatment and meaning involvement of all people groups, Mountain View is one New Mexican community where residents continue to experience unequal protection against environmental hazards. This Cumulative Impact Project focuses upon on the 35-year period of Mountain View history beginning in the early 1980’s when community organizing efforts became increasingly galvanized. When a community infant was poisoned and hospitalized with “blue baby syndrome,” a medical condition that causes an infant’s hands, feet, nails, and skin to become bluish as a result of the blood’s reduced ability to carry oxygen, community residents were in an uproar over the threat of potential suffocation of the area’s most vulnerable citizens.Communication & JournalismMastersUniversity of New Mexico. Dept. of Communication and JournalismWhite, JudithAvila, MagdalenaDeMaria, Jaely
Gillian Evans - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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practising participant observation an anthropologist s account
Journal of Organizational Ethnography, 2012Co-Authors: Gillian EvansAbstract:Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an anthropological viewpoint on the debate about the uses and abuses of the method of Ethnography in the field of commercially‐motivated research.Design/methodology/approach – The objective of the paper is to explore the method of Ethnography from an anthropological perspective, focusing specifically on the field research method of participant observation. This is in order to examine what of value is being lost as Ethnography transforms into a different kind of method outside of the academy.Findings – The paper proposes further critical debate between academics and practitioners of Ethnography in and outside the academy. It suggests that the Journal of Organisational Ethnography is an ideal location for this debate to take place. The paper argues that “observation research” might be a more accurate term to describe research that does not combine participant observation proper with a commitment to critical enquiry into the conditions of possibility of comme...
Alice Malpass - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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patient and public involvement ppi in evidence synthesis how the patmed study approached embedding audience responses into the expression of a meta Ethnography
BMC Medical Research Methodology, 2020Co-Authors: Sophie Park, N Khan, Fiona Stevenson, Alice MalpassAbstract:Patient and public involvement (PPI) has become enshrined as an important pillar of health services empirical research, including PPI roles during stages of research development and analysis and co-design approaches. Whilst user participation has been central to qualitative evidence synthesis (QES) for decades, as seen in the Cochrane consumer network and guidelines, meta-Ethnography has been slow to incorporate user participation and published examples of this occurring within meta-Ethnography are sparse. In this paper, drawing upon our own experience of conducting a meta-Ethnography, we focus on what it means in practice to ‘express a synthesis’ (stage 7). We suggest the methodological importance of ‘expression’ in Noblit and Hare’s seven stage process (Noblit, GW and Hare, RD. Meta-Ethnography: synthesizing qualitative studies, 1988) has been overlooked, and in particular, opportunities for PPI user participation within it. Meta-Ethnography comprises a seven-stage process of evidence synthesis. Noblit and Hare describe the final 7th stage of the meta-Ethnography process as ‘expression of synthesis’, emphasizing co-construction of findings with the audience. In a previous study we conducted a meta-Ethnography exploring patient and student experience of medical education within primary care contexts. We subsequently presented and discussed initial meta-Ethnography findings with PPI (students and patients) in focus groups and interviews. We transcribed patient and student PPI interpretations of synthesis findings. As a research team, we then translated these into our existing meta-Ethnography findings. We describe, with examples, the process of involving PPI in stage 7 of meta-Ethnography and discuss three methodological implications of incorporating PPI within an interpretative approach to QES: (1) we reflect on the construct hierarchy of user participants’ interpretations and consider whether incorporating these additional 1st order, 2nd level constructs implies an additional logic of 3rd order 2nd level constructs of the QES team; (2) we discuss the link between PPI user participation and what Noblit and Hare may have meant by ideas of ‘expression’ and ‘audience’ as integral to stage 7; and (3) we link PPI user participation to Noblit and Hare’s underlying theory of social explanation, i.e. how expression of the synthesis is underpinned by ideas of translation and that the synthesis must be ‘translated in the audience’s (user participants) particular language’. The paper aims to complement recent attempts in the literature to refine and improve guidance on conducting a meta-Ethnography, highlighting opportunities for PPI user participation in the processes of interpretation, translation and expression. We discuss the implications of user participation in meta-Ethnography on ideas of ‘generalisability’.
Lorelei Jones - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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maintaining the link between methodology and method in ethnographic health research
BMJ Quality & Safety, 2016Co-Authors: Justin Waring, Lorelei JonesAbstract:We read with interest the debate around the use, and representation, of Ethnography in the journal following the publication of Lamba et al's article on the identification of patient safety problems during ward rounds.1 In correspondence, Tanisha Jowsey saw the study, which involved observational methods to catalogue safety issues and then applied descriptive statistics as a method of analysis, as misappropriating the ethnographic tradition.2 We share with Jowsey her concerns about the way Ethnography can sometimes be used as a label to describe observational studies where, in broad terms, a researcher counts or categorizes clinical activities. It is our view that Ethnography is much more than observing. Rather, it is about the type of questions we ask of the social world. We wonder whether such methodological slippage would be tolerated, for example, with trial methodologies where issues of randomisation, power calculations and analytical rigor are heavily scrutinized. The journal's editors, Dixon-Woods and Shojania, acknowledge Jowsey's critique, and suggest that the methods of Ethnography are evolving to reflect the changing demands of health research; where expectations of ‘time in the …
