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Tiziana Fornari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pressurized liquid extraction of caffeine and catechins from green tea leaves using Ethyl Lactate, water and Ethyl Lactate + water mixtures
Food and Bioproducts Processing, 2015Co-Authors: David Villanueva Bermejo, Jose A. Mendiola, Elena Ibáñez, Guillermo Reglero, Tiziana FornariAbstract:Abstract Ethyl-Lactate (Ethyl 2-hydroxy-propanoate) is a bio-renewable agrochemical solvent, very suitable and environmental benign for food applications, permitted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as pharmaceutical and food additive. In previous work, the authors demonstrated that pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) using Ethyl Lactate is a suitable alternative to remove caffeine from vegetal materials, e.g. green coffee beans and green tea leaves. The solubility of caffeine in Ethyl Lactate + water mixtures, at ambient temperature and pressure, exhibits a substantial increase for 60:40% Ethyl Lactate + water mixtures (data reported in this work). This result motivated the analysis of the effect of the Ethyl Lactate + water mixtures for the decaffeination target. Furthermore, in the case of green tea, the removal of caffeine reducing the extraction of catechins is desirable due to the adverse effects of caffeine on health, while catechins are high valued functional food ingredients. Thus, the use of Ethyl Lactate, water and Ethyl Lactate + water mixtures to attain this objective, i.e. the removal of caffeine form green tea leaves minimizing the extraction of catechins, was studied in this work. PLE was carried out in the temperature range 373–473 K and using different Ethyl Lactate + water mixtures. Extraction yield and recovery of key bioactive compounds (caffeine and monomeric catechins) were determined and compared, and the caffeine/catechins selectivity of the different solvents employed was estimated. High extraction yields were obtained with a mixture containing 25:75% of Ethyl Lactate + water, with values around 1.5 and 3.5 times higher than, respectively, the yields obtained with water and Ethyl Lactate. Yet, pure Ethyl Lactate proved to be the most selective solvent to extract caffeine from green tea leaves, minimizing the co-extraction of catechins, with a caffeine/catechins selectivity of 2.8 to 5.5 in the range 373–423 K. At these temperatures, with short extraction times (20 min) the recovery of caffeine is in the range 53–76% but only 26–36% of catechins present in the tea leaves were removed.
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Solubility of CO2 in Ethyl Lactate and Modeling of the Phase Behavior of the CO2 + Ethyl Lactate Mixture
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2013Co-Authors: David Villanueva Bermejo, Elena Ibáñez, Roumiana P. Stateva, Tiziana FornariAbstract:Ethyl Lactate (Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate) is emerging as an ecofriendly solvent with wide applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and fine chemical industries. Furthermore, its potential use as a solvent in chemical reactions which could be performed in supercritical media and as an effective cosolvent in supercritical extraction processes and/or in antisolvent precipitation processes has also been studied. In view of this, knowledge of the phase behavior of Ethyl Lactate + CO2 binary is vital for the modeling and design of such processes. In this work, data on the solubility of CO2 in the Ethyl Lactate rich liquid phase at T = (311, 318, and 323) K and pressures ranging from (1 to 8.1) MPa is reported for the first time. The compositions of the liquid phase were measured using a variable volume view equilibrium cell. The new data measured together with previously reported data on the solubility of Ethyl Lactate in CO2 were employed to explore the capabilities of two different thermodynamic models, name...
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solubility of co2 in Ethyl Lactate and modeling of the phase behavior of the co2 Ethyl Lactate mixture
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2013Co-Authors: David Villanueva Bermejo, Elena Ibáñez, Roumiana P. Stateva, Tiziana FornariAbstract:Ethyl Lactate (Ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate) is emerging as an ecofriendly solvent with wide applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and fine chemical industries. Furthermore, its potential use as a solvent in chemical reactions which could be performed in supercritical media and as an effective cosolvent in supercritical extraction processes and/or in antisolvent precipitation processes has also been studied. In view of this, knowledge of the phase behavior of Ethyl Lactate + CO2 binary is vital for the modeling and design of such processes. In this work, data on the solubility of CO2 in the Ethyl Lactate rich liquid phase at T = (311, 318, and 323) K and pressures ranging from (1 to 8.1) MPa is reported for the first time. The compositions of the liquid phase were measured using a variable volume view equilibrium cell. The new data measured together with previously reported data on the solubility of Ethyl Lactate in CO2 were employed to explore the capabilities of two different thermodynamic models, name...
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Solubility of high-value compounds in Ethyl Lactate: Measurements and modeling
The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 2012Co-Authors: Marina S. Manic, Tiziana Fornari, David Villanueva, António J. Queimada, Eugénia A. Macedo, Vesna Najdanovic VisakAbstract:(Solid + liquid) equilibria of binary mixtures containing high-value compounds and Ethyl Lactate were studied. Using the gravimetric method, the solubility of various solutes such as caffeine, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid and thymol in Ethyl Lactate was measured as a function of temperature over the range of (298.2 to 343.2) K, at atmospheric pressure. The differences in solubility of a given solute in water-saturated and dry Ethyl Lactate were observed. The deviation of these binary systems from ideal mixture behaviour was discussed. In order to understand the solubilization process, melting properties of pure solutes were determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The solubility data obtained were represented using UNIQUAC and UNIFAC-based models as well as with the Cubic-Plus-Association (CPA) equation of state. The results of the modeling indicate that these models are the appropriate tools for representing the solubility behaviour of various solutes in Ethyl Lactate. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Liquid-liquid equilibria for separation of tocopherol from olive oil using Ethyl Lactate
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011Co-Authors: Gonzalo Vicente, Tiziana Fornari, Alexandre Paiva, Vesna Najdanovic-visakAbstract:Abstract In this paper, the potential application of non-toxic agrochemical solvent—Ethyl Lactate, to recover α-tocopherol from olive oil is studied. The work is based on experimental and modeling studies of the liquid–liquid equilibria at ambient pressure of three model systems: (i) binary (olive oil + Ethyl Lactate), (ii) pseudo-binary (Ethyl Lactate + (olive oil containing 11.60 mass% of oleic acid)), (iii) ((Ethyl Lactate containing 2.80% of water) + olive oil), and (iv) ternary (α-tocopherol + olive oil + Ethyl Lactate). The favorable separation factors obtained reveal the strength and potential of Ethyl Lactate as a green solvent for the recovery.
Yunyun Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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recent advances in organic synthesis employing Ethyl Lactate as green reaction medium
Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Li Wei, Yunyun Liu, Xuwen Chen, Jie-ping WanAbstract:The biomass-derivable Ethyl Lactate has been attracting daily increasing attention as a green medium in organic synthe- sis. The unique advantages of nontoxicity, low cost, complete biodegradability, high boiling point, and excellent compatibility to water and most organic compounds of this solvent cater well to the property of a green reaction medium. In recent years, Ethyl Lactate (EL) has been successfully used as medium in different types of organic reactions, including Suzuki-Miyaura reaction, Glaser reaction as well as cascade synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with biological activities. Based on our own research in- terest in this issue, the advances in organic synthesis employing EL as a green medium are summarized. Keywords green medium; Ethyl Lactate; coupling reaction; condensation reaction; cascade reaction
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sustainable h2o Ethyl Lactate system for ligand free suzuki miyaura reaction
RSC Advances, 2012Co-Authors: Jie-ping Wan, Chunping Wang, Rihui Zhou, Yunyun LiuAbstract:A sustainable catalyst system consisted of H2O/Ethyl Lactate (EL), Pd(OAc)2 and K2CO3 has been developed as a generally applicable protocol for Suzuki–Miyaura reactions using various aryl bromides and iodides to incorporate arylboronic acids under ligand-free conditions. This protocol is advantageous owing to the employment of water and non-toxic, biomass available Ethyl Lactate as green media. In addition, as a co-solvent with water, Ethyl Lactate displayed evident superiority over conventional polar organic solvents such as DMF, DMSO and dioxane etc., which implied the additional potential function of EL as a ligand in these reactions.
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Sustainable H2O/Ethyl Lactate system for ligand-free Suzuki–Miyaura reaction
RSC Advances, 2012Co-Authors: Jie-ping Wan, Chunping Wang, Rihui Zhou, Yunyun LiuAbstract:A sustainable catalyst system consisted of H2O/Ethyl Lactate (EL), Pd(OAc)2 and K2CO3 has been developed as a generally applicable protocol for Suzuki–Miyaura reactions using various aryl bromides and iodides to incorporate arylboronic acids under ligand-free conditions. This protocol is advantageous owing to the employment of water and non-toxic, biomass available Ethyl Lactate as green media. In addition, as a co-solvent with water, Ethyl Lactate displayed evident superiority over conventional polar organic solvents such as DMF, DMSO and dioxane etc., which implied the additional potential function of EL as a ligand in these reactions.
Dennis J. Miller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vapor liquid equilibria in the systems Ethyl Lactate ethanol and Ethyl Lactate water
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2006Co-Authors: Carl T. Lira, Navinchandra S. Asthana, And Aspi K. Kolah, Dennis J. MillerAbstract:A simple vapor−liquid equilibrium (VLE) apparatus has been constructed to successfully measure the VLE of binary Ethyl Lactate systems that have relatively high differences in volatility (P2sat/P1sat ∼ 7.0). Degassing is done in situ, reducing the experimental time considerably. Isothermal VLE of the Ethyl Lactate + ethanol system was measured at (40.0, 60.1, and 80.2) °C, and the isothermal VLE of the Ethyl Lactate + water system was measured at (40.0 and 60.0) °C. The Ethyl Lactate + ethanol system is slightly nonideal, and the Ethyl Lactate + water system forms a minimum boiling azeotrope. Isothermal data for ethanol + water were measured at 40.0 °C to demonstrate reliability of the apparatus.
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Vapor−Liquid Equilibria in the Systems Ethyl Lactate + Ethanol and Ethyl Lactate + Water
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2006Co-Authors: Carl T. Lira, Navinchandra S. Asthana, And Aspi K. Kolah, Dennis J. MillerAbstract:A simple vapor−liquid equilibrium (VLE) apparatus has been constructed to successfully measure the VLE of binary Ethyl Lactate systems that have relatively high differences in volatility (P2sat/P1sat ∼ 7.0). Degassing is done in situ, reducing the experimental time considerably. Isothermal VLE of the Ethyl Lactate + ethanol system was measured at (40.0, 60.1, and 80.2) °C, and the isothermal VLE of the Ethyl Lactate + water system was measured at (40.0 and 60.0) °C. The Ethyl Lactate + ethanol system is slightly nonideal, and the Ethyl Lactate + water system forms a minimum boiling azeotrope. Isothermal data for ethanol + water were measured at 40.0 °C to demonstrate reliability of the apparatus.
Martine Esteban-decloux - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium of Ethyl Lactate Highly Diluted in Ethanol–Water Mixtures at 101.3 kPa. Experimental Measurements and Thermodynamic Modeling Using Semiempirical Models
Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2018Co-Authors: Cristian Puentes, Xavier Joulia, Patrice Paricaud, Pierre Giampaoli, Violaine Athès, Martine Esteban-declouxAbstract:A thermodynamic study of the vapor–liquid equilibrium for the ternary system Ethyl Lactate–ethanol–water was performed at 101.3 kPa and infinite dilution regarding Ethyl Lactate, for boiling temperatures ranging from (352.3 to 370.0) K. The experimental measurements were carried out with a recirculation still and the equilibrium compositions of Ethyl Lactate were determined by gas chromatography. The volatility of Ethyl Lactate decreases when the ethanol content in the liquid phase is increased. The investigated system was correctly correlated by the NRTL and UNIQUAC models, with an average absolute relative deviation below 10%. The comparison with the results obtained from interaction parameters fitted to experimental data of the binary systems Ethyl Lactate–ethanol and Ethyl Lactate–water at 101.3 kPa, proves that the parameters calculated in this work give a better description of the Ethyl Lactate volatility, a key parameter in distillation, at low concentrations. These latter parameters are therefore ...
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Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium of Ethyl Lactate Highly Diluted in Ethanol–Water Mixtures at 101.3 kPa. Experimental Measurements and Thermodynamic Modeling Using Semiempirical Models
Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data, 2018Co-Authors: Cristian Puentes, Xavier Joulia, Patrice Paricaud, Pierre Giampaoli, Violaine Athès, Martine Esteban-declouxAbstract:A thermodynamic study of the vapor–liquid equilibrium for the ternary system Ethyl Lactate–ethanol–water was performed at 101.3 kPa and infinite dilution regarding Ethyl Lactate, for boiling temperatures ranging from (352.3 to 370.0) K. The experimental measurements were carried out with a recirculation still and the equilibrium compositions of Ethyl Lactate were determined by gas chromatography. The volatility of Ethyl Lactate decreases when the ethanol content in the liquid phase is increased. The investigated system was correctly correlated by the NRTL and UNIQUAC models, with an average absolute relative deviation below 10%. The comparison with the results obtained from interaction parameters fitted to experimental data of the binary systems Ethyl Lactate–ethanol and Ethyl Lactate–water at 101.3 kPa, proves that the parameters calculated in this work give a better description of the Ethyl Lactate volatility, a key parameter in distillation, at low concentrations. These latter parameters are therefore recommended for process simulation and optimization in alcoholic beverages production.
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Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium of Ethyl Lactate Highly Diluted in Ethanol–Water Mixtures at 101.3 kPa. Experimental Measurements and Thermodynamic Modeling Using Semiempirical Models
2018Co-Authors: Cristian Puentes, Xavier Joulia, Patrice Paricaud, Pierre Giampaoli, Violaine Athès, Martine Esteban-declouxAbstract:A thermodynamic study of the vapor–liquid equilibrium for the ternary system Ethyl Lactate–ethanol–water was performed at 101.3 kPa and infinite dilution regarding Ethyl Lactate, for boiling temperatures ranging from (352.3 to 370.0) K. The experimental measurements were carried out with a recirculation still and the equilibrium compositions of Ethyl Lactate were determined by gas chromatography. The volatility of Ethyl Lactate decreases when the ethanol content in the liquid phase is increased. The investigated system was correctly correlated by the NRTL and UNIQUAC models, with an average absolute relative deviation below 10%. The comparison with the results obtained from interaction parameters fitted to experimental data of the binary systems Ethyl Lactate–ethanol and Ethyl Lactate–water at 101.3 kPa, proves that the parameters calculated in this work give a better description of the Ethyl Lactate volatility, a key parameter in distillation, at low concentrations. These latter parameters are therefore recommended for process simulation and optimization in alcoholic beverages production
Jie-ping Wan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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recent advances in organic synthesis employing Ethyl Lactate as green reaction medium
Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Li Wei, Yunyun Liu, Xuwen Chen, Jie-ping WanAbstract:The biomass-derivable Ethyl Lactate has been attracting daily increasing attention as a green medium in organic synthe- sis. The unique advantages of nontoxicity, low cost, complete biodegradability, high boiling point, and excellent compatibility to water and most organic compounds of this solvent cater well to the property of a green reaction medium. In recent years, Ethyl Lactate (EL) has been successfully used as medium in different types of organic reactions, including Suzuki-Miyaura reaction, Glaser reaction as well as cascade synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with biological activities. Based on our own research in- terest in this issue, the advances in organic synthesis employing EL as a green medium are summarized. Keywords green medium; Ethyl Lactate; coupling reaction; condensation reaction; cascade reaction
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sustainable h2o Ethyl Lactate system for ligand free suzuki miyaura reaction
RSC Advances, 2012Co-Authors: Jie-ping Wan, Chunping Wang, Rihui Zhou, Yunyun LiuAbstract:A sustainable catalyst system consisted of H2O/Ethyl Lactate (EL), Pd(OAc)2 and K2CO3 has been developed as a generally applicable protocol for Suzuki–Miyaura reactions using various aryl bromides and iodides to incorporate arylboronic acids under ligand-free conditions. This protocol is advantageous owing to the employment of water and non-toxic, biomass available Ethyl Lactate as green media. In addition, as a co-solvent with water, Ethyl Lactate displayed evident superiority over conventional polar organic solvents such as DMF, DMSO and dioxane etc., which implied the additional potential function of EL as a ligand in these reactions.
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Sustainable H2O/Ethyl Lactate system for ligand-free Suzuki–Miyaura reaction
RSC Advances, 2012Co-Authors: Jie-ping Wan, Chunping Wang, Rihui Zhou, Yunyun LiuAbstract:A sustainable catalyst system consisted of H2O/Ethyl Lactate (EL), Pd(OAc)2 and K2CO3 has been developed as a generally applicable protocol for Suzuki–Miyaura reactions using various aryl bromides and iodides to incorporate arylboronic acids under ligand-free conditions. This protocol is advantageous owing to the employment of water and non-toxic, biomass available Ethyl Lactate as green media. In addition, as a co-solvent with water, Ethyl Lactate displayed evident superiority over conventional polar organic solvents such as DMF, DMSO and dioxane etc., which implied the additional potential function of EL as a ligand in these reactions.