The Experts below are selected from a list of 1617 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Alan J Klein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pass fail rates for repeated click Evoked Otoacoustic Emission and auditory brain stem response screenings in newborns
    Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 1997
    Co-Authors: Edward L Mcnellis, Alan J Klein
    Abstract:

    The click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission (EOAE) recording procedure is a simple and quick test to perform. Some suggest that the EOAE is a more efficient newborn hearing screening procedure than the auditory brain stem response (ABR). However, one shortcoming of the EOAE is a high false-positive rate in newborns, which is attributed to ear-canal debris. The purposes of this study were to assess the initial pass/fail rates of ABR and EOAE measurements and the effectiveness of repeated EOAE measurements as a method of reducing the false-positive rate. Fifty healthy, low-risk newborns sequentially underwent ABR, repeated EOAE, otoscopy, EOAE, and ABR if necessary. The initial ABR passing rate was 98%, whereas the EOAE passing rate was 61%. The EOAE passing rate improved with each retest and approximated the ABR rate by the fourth test. EOAE failures and the overall level of the EOAE were found to be significantly related to the amount of ear-canal debris. These results indicate that some newborns will require f...

  • pass fail rates for repeated click Evoked Otoacoustic Emission and auditory brain stem response screenings in newborns
    Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 1997
    Co-Authors: Edward L Mcnellis, Alan J Klein
    Abstract:

    The click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission (EOAE) recording procedure is a simple and quick test to perform. Some suggest that the EOAE is a more efficient newborn hearing screening procedure than the auditory brain stem response (ABR). However, one shortcoming of the EOAE is a high false-positive rate in newborns, which is attributed to ear-canal debris. The purposes of this study were to assess the initial pass/fail rates of ABR and EOAE measurements and the effectiveness of repeated EOAE measurements as a method of reducing the false-positive rate. Fifty healthy, low-risk newborns sequentially underwent ABR, repeated EOAE, otoscopy, EOAE, and ABR if necessary. The initial ABR passing rate was 98%, whereas the EOAE passing rate was 61%. The EOAE passing rate improved with each retest and approximated the ABR rate by the fourth test. EOAE failures and the overall level of the EOAE were found to be significantly related to the amount of ear-canal debris. These results indicate that some newborns will require four or more tests before they eventually pass. Further study is needed to determine the overall cost-effectiveness of the EOAE as compared with the ABR before specific recommendations for a universal hearing screening program are proposed.

Julie Bakker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • do sex differences in ceoaes and 2d 4d ratios reflect androgen exposure a study in women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
    Biology of Sex Differences, 2017
    Co-Authors: Judy Van Hemmen, Peggy T Cohenkettenis, Thomas D Steensma, Dick J Veltman, Julie Bakker
    Abstract:

    Studies investigating the influence of perinatal hormone exposure on sexually differentiated traits would greatly benefit from biomarkers of these early hormone actions. Click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions show sex differences that are thought to reflect differences in early androgen exposure. Women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS), who lack androgen action in the presence of XY-chromosomes, enabled us to study the effect of complete androgen inaction. The main goal was to investigate a possible link between click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and effective androgen exposure and, thus, whether this can be used as a biomarker. In addition, we aimed to replicate the only previous 2nd vs 4th digit-ratio study in women with CAIS, because despite the widely expressed criticisms of the validity of this measure as a biomarker for prenatal androgen exposure, it still is used for this purpose. Click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and digit ratios from women with CAIS were compared to those from control men and women. The typical sex differences in click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and digit ratios were replicated in the control groups. Women with CAIS showed a tendency towards feminine, i.e., larger, click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission amplitudes in the right ear, and a significant female-typical, i.e., larger, digit ratio in the right hand. Although these results are consistent with androgen-dependent development of male-typical click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission amplitude and 2nd to 4th digit ratios, the within-group variability of these two measures was not reduced in women with CAIS compared with control women. In line with previous studies, our findings in CAIS women suggest that additional, non-androgenic, factors mediate male-typical sexual differentiation of digit ratios and click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. Consequently, use of these measures in adults as retrospective markers of early androgen exposure is not recommended.

  • Do sex differences in CEOAEs and 2D:4D ratios reflect androgen exposure? A study in women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
    'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2017
    Co-Authors: Judy Van Hemmen, Thomas D Steensma, Dick J Veltman, Peggy T. Cohen-kettenis, Julie Bakker
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Studies investigating the influence of perinatal hormone exposure on sexually differentiated traits would greatly benefit from biomarkers of these early hormone actions. Click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions show sex differences that are thought to reflect differences in early androgen exposure. Women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS), who lack androgen action in the presence of XY-chromosomes, enabled us to study the effect of complete androgen inaction. The main goal was to investigate a possible link between click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and effective androgen exposure and, thus, whether this can be used as a biomarker. In addition, we aimed to replicate the only previous 2nd vs 4th digit-ratio study in women with CAIS, because despite the widely expressed criticisms of the validity of this measure as a biomarker for prenatal androgen exposure, it still is used for this purpose. Methods Click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and digit ratios from women with CAIS were compared to those from control men and women. Results The typical sex differences in click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and digit ratios were replicated in the control groups. Women with CAIS showed a tendency towards feminine, i.e., larger, click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission amplitudes in the right ear, and a significant female-typical, i.e., larger, digit ratio in the right hand. Although these results are consistent with androgen-dependent development of male-typical click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission amplitude and 2nd to 4th digit ratios, the within-group variability of these two measures was not reduced in women with CAIS compared with control women. Conclusions In line with previous studies, our findings in CAIS women suggest that additional, non-androgenic, factors mediate male-typical sexual differentiation of digit ratios and click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. Consequently, use of these measures in adults as retrospective markers of early androgen exposure is not recommended

Edward L Mcnellis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pass fail rates for repeated click Evoked Otoacoustic Emission and auditory brain stem response screenings in newborns
    Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 1997
    Co-Authors: Edward L Mcnellis, Alan J Klein
    Abstract:

    The click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission (EOAE) recording procedure is a simple and quick test to perform. Some suggest that the EOAE is a more efficient newborn hearing screening procedure than the auditory brain stem response (ABR). However, one shortcoming of the EOAE is a high false-positive rate in newborns, which is attributed to ear-canal debris. The purposes of this study were to assess the initial pass/fail rates of ABR and EOAE measurements and the effectiveness of repeated EOAE measurements as a method of reducing the false-positive rate. Fifty healthy, low-risk newborns sequentially underwent ABR, repeated EOAE, otoscopy, EOAE, and ABR if necessary. The initial ABR passing rate was 98%, whereas the EOAE passing rate was 61%. The EOAE passing rate improved with each retest and approximated the ABR rate by the fourth test. EOAE failures and the overall level of the EOAE were found to be significantly related to the amount of ear-canal debris. These results indicate that some newborns will require f...

  • pass fail rates for repeated click Evoked Otoacoustic Emission and auditory brain stem response screenings in newborns
    Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 1997
    Co-Authors: Edward L Mcnellis, Alan J Klein
    Abstract:

    The click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission (EOAE) recording procedure is a simple and quick test to perform. Some suggest that the EOAE is a more efficient newborn hearing screening procedure than the auditory brain stem response (ABR). However, one shortcoming of the EOAE is a high false-positive rate in newborns, which is attributed to ear-canal debris. The purposes of this study were to assess the initial pass/fail rates of ABR and EOAE measurements and the effectiveness of repeated EOAE measurements as a method of reducing the false-positive rate. Fifty healthy, low-risk newborns sequentially underwent ABR, repeated EOAE, otoscopy, EOAE, and ABR if necessary. The initial ABR passing rate was 98%, whereas the EOAE passing rate was 61%. The EOAE passing rate improved with each retest and approximated the ABR rate by the fourth test. EOAE failures and the overall level of the EOAE were found to be significantly related to the amount of ear-canal debris. These results indicate that some newborns will require four or more tests before they eventually pass. Further study is needed to determine the overall cost-effectiveness of the EOAE as compared with the ABR before specific recommendations for a universal hearing screening program are proposed.

Mark E Lutman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • repeatability of click Evoked Otoacoustic Emission based medial olivocochlear efferent assay
    Ear and Hearing, 2013
    Co-Authors: Srikanta K Mishra, Mark E Lutman
    Abstract:

    Objectives Otoacoustic Emissions-based efferent assays are evolving to become a part of auditory diagnostics. The wide range of clinical applications, such as assessment of auditory neuropathy, auditory processing disorders, learning disability, monitoring success in auditory intervention and others illustrate the significance of this measurement. Defining the procedure's test-retest repeatability is of critical importance, to allow for distinction between measurement deviations and true physiological or pathological changes. The purpose of this study was to assess the repeatability of a click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission-based (CEOAE) test of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex in normal-hearing (NH) adults. Design Test-retest data were collected from 35 NH young adults in two distinct test sessions separated by 1 to 4 days. CEOAEs were recorded without and with contralateral acoustic stimulation (CAS; 35 dB SL). Three indices of the MOC reflex were computed: CAS-induced (a) absolute changes in CEOAE amplitude, (b) normalized changes in CEOAE amplitude, and (c) changes in CEOAE input-output functions. Repeatability of these indices was assessed by a three-layered approach, which consisted of Bland-Altman plots, coefficient of reliability (Cronbach's α), and analysis of variance. Results Analyses indicated good repeatability of three CEOAE-based MOC reflex indices. A two-way analysis of variance of the indices demonstrated no significant difference between test and retest. Normalized index showed similar repeatability as other indices. CEOAE signal to noise ratio did not seem to vary between test sessions. Notably, CAS caused a decrease in CEOAE input-output functions slope in a majority of participants (n = 29). Conclusions The present study is the first to elucidate the intrasubject variability of absolute and normalized indices of the MOC inhibitory effect. Although the measurements were conducted under realistic conditions resembling the clinical setting, repeatability was generally good in NH adults. For MOC reflex test, the signal to noise ratio of 6 dB for recording CEOAEs seems to be a recommendable criterion when considering practicability and measurement quality in clinical conditions. The present findings exemplify the suitability of CEOAE-based MOC assay as a monitoring tool of medial efferent status over time. The data are intended to assist clinicians and scientists alike in the accurate interpretation of CAS-induced CEOAE changes in the test-retest situation.

  • dynamic nonlinear cochlear model predictions of click Evoked Otoacoustic Emission suppression
    Hearing Research, 2005
    Co-Authors: James M Harte, S J Elliott, Sarosh Kapadia, Mark E Lutman
    Abstract:

    A comprehensive set of results from 2-click suppression experiments on Otoacoustic Emissions (OAEs) have been presented by Kapadia and Lutman [Kapadia, S., Lutman, M.E., 2000a. Nonlinear temporal interactions in click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. I. Assumed model and polarity-symmetry. Hear. Res. 146, 89-100]. They found that the degree of suppression of an OAE Evoked by a test click varied systematically with the timing and the level of a suppressor click, being greatest for suppressor clicks occurring some time before the test click, particularly at lower levels of suppression. Kapadia and Lutman also showed that although the general shape of the graph of suppression against suppressor click timing could be predicted by a static power law model, this did not predict the asymmetry with respect to the timing of the suppressor click. A generalised automatic gain control (AGC) is presented as a simple example of a dynamic nonlinear system. Its steady state nonlinear behaviour, as quantified by its level curve, and its dynamic behaviour, as quantified by its transient response, can be independently set by the feedback gain law and detector time constant, respectively. The previously reported suppression results, with the asymmetry in the timing, are found to be predicted better by such an AGC having a level curve with a slope of about 0.5 dB/dB, and a detector time constant of about twice the period at the characteristic frequency. Although this gives adequate predictions for high suppression levels, it under predicts the suppression and the asymmetry for lower levels. Further research is required to establish whether simple peripheral feedback models can explain OAE suppression of this type.

Judy Van Hemmen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • do sex differences in ceoaes and 2d 4d ratios reflect androgen exposure a study in women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
    Biology of Sex Differences, 2017
    Co-Authors: Judy Van Hemmen, Peggy T Cohenkettenis, Thomas D Steensma, Dick J Veltman, Julie Bakker
    Abstract:

    Studies investigating the influence of perinatal hormone exposure on sexually differentiated traits would greatly benefit from biomarkers of these early hormone actions. Click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions show sex differences that are thought to reflect differences in early androgen exposure. Women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS), who lack androgen action in the presence of XY-chromosomes, enabled us to study the effect of complete androgen inaction. The main goal was to investigate a possible link between click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and effective androgen exposure and, thus, whether this can be used as a biomarker. In addition, we aimed to replicate the only previous 2nd vs 4th digit-ratio study in women with CAIS, because despite the widely expressed criticisms of the validity of this measure as a biomarker for prenatal androgen exposure, it still is used for this purpose. Click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and digit ratios from women with CAIS were compared to those from control men and women. The typical sex differences in click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and digit ratios were replicated in the control groups. Women with CAIS showed a tendency towards feminine, i.e., larger, click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission amplitudes in the right ear, and a significant female-typical, i.e., larger, digit ratio in the right hand. Although these results are consistent with androgen-dependent development of male-typical click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission amplitude and 2nd to 4th digit ratios, the within-group variability of these two measures was not reduced in women with CAIS compared with control women. In line with previous studies, our findings in CAIS women suggest that additional, non-androgenic, factors mediate male-typical sexual differentiation of digit ratios and click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. Consequently, use of these measures in adults as retrospective markers of early androgen exposure is not recommended.

  • Do sex differences in CEOAEs and 2D:4D ratios reflect androgen exposure? A study in women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome
    'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2017
    Co-Authors: Judy Van Hemmen, Thomas D Steensma, Dick J Veltman, Peggy T. Cohen-kettenis, Julie Bakker
    Abstract:

    Abstract Background Studies investigating the influence of perinatal hormone exposure on sexually differentiated traits would greatly benefit from biomarkers of these early hormone actions. Click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions show sex differences that are thought to reflect differences in early androgen exposure. Women with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS), who lack androgen action in the presence of XY-chromosomes, enabled us to study the effect of complete androgen inaction. The main goal was to investigate a possible link between click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and effective androgen exposure and, thus, whether this can be used as a biomarker. In addition, we aimed to replicate the only previous 2nd vs 4th digit-ratio study in women with CAIS, because despite the widely expressed criticisms of the validity of this measure as a biomarker for prenatal androgen exposure, it still is used for this purpose. Methods Click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and digit ratios from women with CAIS were compared to those from control men and women. Results The typical sex differences in click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions and digit ratios were replicated in the control groups. Women with CAIS showed a tendency towards feminine, i.e., larger, click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission amplitudes in the right ear, and a significant female-typical, i.e., larger, digit ratio in the right hand. Although these results are consistent with androgen-dependent development of male-typical click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission amplitude and 2nd to 4th digit ratios, the within-group variability of these two measures was not reduced in women with CAIS compared with control women. Conclusions In line with previous studies, our findings in CAIS women suggest that additional, non-androgenic, factors mediate male-typical sexual differentiation of digit ratios and click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. Consequently, use of these measures in adults as retrospective markers of early androgen exposure is not recommended