The Experts below are selected from a list of 96585 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ulf Dieckmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mitigating fisheries induced evolution in lacustrine brook charr salvelinus fontinalis in southern quebec canada
Evolutionary Applications, 2009Co-Authors: Kenichi W Okamoto, Rebecca Whitlock, Pierre Magnan, Ulf DieckmannAbstract:Size-selective mortality caused by fishing can impose strong selection on harvested fish populations, causing evolution in important life-history traits. Understanding and predicting harvest-induced Evolutionary Change can help maintain sustainable fisheries. We investigate the Evolutionary sustainability of alternative management regimes for lacustrine brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) fisheries in southern Canada and aim to optimize these regimes with respect to the competing objectives of maximizing mean annual yield and minimizing Evolutionary Change in maturation schedules. Using a stochastic simulation model of brook charr populations consuming a dynamic resource, we investigate how harvesting affects brook charr maturation schedules. We show that when approximately 5% to 15% of the brook charr biomass is harvested, yields are high, and harvest- induced Evolutionary Changes remain small. Intensive harvesting (at approximately >15% of brook charr biomass) results in high average yields and little Evolutionary Change only when harvesting is restricted to brook charr larger than the size at 50% maturation probability at the age of 2 years. Otherwise, intensive harvesting lowers average yield and causes Evolutionary Change in the maturation schedule of brook charr. Our results indicate that intermediate harvesting efforts offer a acceptable compromise between avoiding harvest-induced Evolutionary Change and securing high average yields.
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original article mitigating fisheries induced evolution in lacustrine brook charr salvelinus fontinalis in southern quebec canada
Evolutionary Applications, 2009Co-Authors: Kenichi W Okamoto, Rebecca Whitlock, Pierre Magnan, Ulf DieckmannAbstract:Size-selective mortality caused by fishing can impose strong selection on harvested fish populations, causing evolution in important life-history traits. Understanding and predicting harvest-induced Evolutionary Change can help maintain sustainable fisheries. We investigate the Evolutionary sustainability of alternative management regimes for lacustrine brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) fisheries in southern Canada and aim to optimize these regimes with respect to the competing objectives of maximizing mean annual yield and minimizing Evolutionary Change in maturation schedules. Using a stochastic simulation model of brook charr populations consuming a dynamic resource, we investigate how harvesting affects brook charr maturation schedules. We show that when approximately 5% to 15% of the brook charr biomass is harvested, yields are high, and harvest-induced Evolutionary Changes remain small. Intensive harvesting (at approximately >15% of brook charr biomass) results in high average yields and little Evolutionary Change only when harvesting is restricted to brook charr larger than the size at 50% maturation probability at the age of 2 years. Otherwise, intensive harvesting lowers average yield and causes Evolutionary Change in the maturation schedule of brook charr. Our results indicate that intermediate harvesting efforts offer an acceptable compromise between avoiding harvest-induced Evolutionary Change and securing high average yields.
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the impact of fishing induced mortality on the evolution of alternative life history tactics in brook charr
Evolutionary Applications, 2008Co-Authors: Veronique Theriault, Ulf Dieckmann, Erin S Dunlop, Louis Bernatchez, Julian J DodsonAbstract:Although contemporary trends indicative of Evolutionary Change have been detected in the life-history traits of exploited populations, it is not known to what extent fishing influences the evolution of alternative life-history tactics in migratory species such as salmonids. Here, we build a model to predict the evolution of anadromy and residency in an exploited population of brook charr, Salvelinus fontinalis. Our model allows for both phenotypic plasticity and genetic Change in the age and size at migration by including migration reaction norms. Using this model, we predict that fishing of anadromous individuals over the course of 100 years causes evolution in the migration reaction norm, resulting in a decrease in average probabilities of migration with increasing harvest rate. Moreover, we show that differences in natural mortalities in freshwater greatly influence the magnitude and rate of Evolutionary Change. The fishing-induced Changes in migration predicted by our model alter population abundances and reproductive output and should be accounted for in the sustainable management of salmonids.
Kenichi W Okamoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mitigating fisheries induced evolution in lacustrine brook charr salvelinus fontinalis in southern quebec canada
Evolutionary Applications, 2009Co-Authors: Kenichi W Okamoto, Rebecca Whitlock, Pierre Magnan, Ulf DieckmannAbstract:Size-selective mortality caused by fishing can impose strong selection on harvested fish populations, causing evolution in important life-history traits. Understanding and predicting harvest-induced Evolutionary Change can help maintain sustainable fisheries. We investigate the Evolutionary sustainability of alternative management regimes for lacustrine brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) fisheries in southern Canada and aim to optimize these regimes with respect to the competing objectives of maximizing mean annual yield and minimizing Evolutionary Change in maturation schedules. Using a stochastic simulation model of brook charr populations consuming a dynamic resource, we investigate how harvesting affects brook charr maturation schedules. We show that when approximately 5% to 15% of the brook charr biomass is harvested, yields are high, and harvest- induced Evolutionary Changes remain small. Intensive harvesting (at approximately >15% of brook charr biomass) results in high average yields and little Evolutionary Change only when harvesting is restricted to brook charr larger than the size at 50% maturation probability at the age of 2 years. Otherwise, intensive harvesting lowers average yield and causes Evolutionary Change in the maturation schedule of brook charr. Our results indicate that intermediate harvesting efforts offer a acceptable compromise between avoiding harvest-induced Evolutionary Change and securing high average yields.
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original article mitigating fisheries induced evolution in lacustrine brook charr salvelinus fontinalis in southern quebec canada
Evolutionary Applications, 2009Co-Authors: Kenichi W Okamoto, Rebecca Whitlock, Pierre Magnan, Ulf DieckmannAbstract:Size-selective mortality caused by fishing can impose strong selection on harvested fish populations, causing evolution in important life-history traits. Understanding and predicting harvest-induced Evolutionary Change can help maintain sustainable fisheries. We investigate the Evolutionary sustainability of alternative management regimes for lacustrine brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) fisheries in southern Canada and aim to optimize these regimes with respect to the competing objectives of maximizing mean annual yield and minimizing Evolutionary Change in maturation schedules. Using a stochastic simulation model of brook charr populations consuming a dynamic resource, we investigate how harvesting affects brook charr maturation schedules. We show that when approximately 5% to 15% of the brook charr biomass is harvested, yields are high, and harvest-induced Evolutionary Changes remain small. Intensive harvesting (at approximately >15% of brook charr biomass) results in high average yields and little Evolutionary Change only when harvesting is restricted to brook charr larger than the size at 50% maturation probability at the age of 2 years. Otherwise, intensive harvesting lowers average yield and causes Evolutionary Change in the maturation schedule of brook charr. Our results indicate that intermediate harvesting efforts offer an acceptable compromise between avoiding harvest-induced Evolutionary Change and securing high average yields.
Rebecca Whitlock - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mitigating fisheries induced evolution in lacustrine brook charr salvelinus fontinalis in southern quebec canada
Evolutionary Applications, 2009Co-Authors: Kenichi W Okamoto, Rebecca Whitlock, Pierre Magnan, Ulf DieckmannAbstract:Size-selective mortality caused by fishing can impose strong selection on harvested fish populations, causing evolution in important life-history traits. Understanding and predicting harvest-induced Evolutionary Change can help maintain sustainable fisheries. We investigate the Evolutionary sustainability of alternative management regimes for lacustrine brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) fisheries in southern Canada and aim to optimize these regimes with respect to the competing objectives of maximizing mean annual yield and minimizing Evolutionary Change in maturation schedules. Using a stochastic simulation model of brook charr populations consuming a dynamic resource, we investigate how harvesting affects brook charr maturation schedules. We show that when approximately 5% to 15% of the brook charr biomass is harvested, yields are high, and harvest- induced Evolutionary Changes remain small. Intensive harvesting (at approximately >15% of brook charr biomass) results in high average yields and little Evolutionary Change only when harvesting is restricted to brook charr larger than the size at 50% maturation probability at the age of 2 years. Otherwise, intensive harvesting lowers average yield and causes Evolutionary Change in the maturation schedule of brook charr. Our results indicate that intermediate harvesting efforts offer a acceptable compromise between avoiding harvest-induced Evolutionary Change and securing high average yields.
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original article mitigating fisheries induced evolution in lacustrine brook charr salvelinus fontinalis in southern quebec canada
Evolutionary Applications, 2009Co-Authors: Kenichi W Okamoto, Rebecca Whitlock, Pierre Magnan, Ulf DieckmannAbstract:Size-selective mortality caused by fishing can impose strong selection on harvested fish populations, causing evolution in important life-history traits. Understanding and predicting harvest-induced Evolutionary Change can help maintain sustainable fisheries. We investigate the Evolutionary sustainability of alternative management regimes for lacustrine brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) fisheries in southern Canada and aim to optimize these regimes with respect to the competing objectives of maximizing mean annual yield and minimizing Evolutionary Change in maturation schedules. Using a stochastic simulation model of brook charr populations consuming a dynamic resource, we investigate how harvesting affects brook charr maturation schedules. We show that when approximately 5% to 15% of the brook charr biomass is harvested, yields are high, and harvest-induced Evolutionary Changes remain small. Intensive harvesting (at approximately >15% of brook charr biomass) results in high average yields and little Evolutionary Change only when harvesting is restricted to brook charr larger than the size at 50% maturation probability at the age of 2 years. Otherwise, intensive harvesting lowers average yield and causes Evolutionary Change in the maturation schedule of brook charr. Our results indicate that intermediate harvesting efforts offer an acceptable compromise between avoiding harvest-induced Evolutionary Change and securing high average yields.
Pierre Magnan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mitigating fisheries induced evolution in lacustrine brook charr salvelinus fontinalis in southern quebec canada
Evolutionary Applications, 2009Co-Authors: Kenichi W Okamoto, Rebecca Whitlock, Pierre Magnan, Ulf DieckmannAbstract:Size-selective mortality caused by fishing can impose strong selection on harvested fish populations, causing evolution in important life-history traits. Understanding and predicting harvest-induced Evolutionary Change can help maintain sustainable fisheries. We investigate the Evolutionary sustainability of alternative management regimes for lacustrine brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) fisheries in southern Canada and aim to optimize these regimes with respect to the competing objectives of maximizing mean annual yield and minimizing Evolutionary Change in maturation schedules. Using a stochastic simulation model of brook charr populations consuming a dynamic resource, we investigate how harvesting affects brook charr maturation schedules. We show that when approximately 5% to 15% of the brook charr biomass is harvested, yields are high, and harvest- induced Evolutionary Changes remain small. Intensive harvesting (at approximately >15% of brook charr biomass) results in high average yields and little Evolutionary Change only when harvesting is restricted to brook charr larger than the size at 50% maturation probability at the age of 2 years. Otherwise, intensive harvesting lowers average yield and causes Evolutionary Change in the maturation schedule of brook charr. Our results indicate that intermediate harvesting efforts offer a acceptable compromise between avoiding harvest-induced Evolutionary Change and securing high average yields.
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original article mitigating fisheries induced evolution in lacustrine brook charr salvelinus fontinalis in southern quebec canada
Evolutionary Applications, 2009Co-Authors: Kenichi W Okamoto, Rebecca Whitlock, Pierre Magnan, Ulf DieckmannAbstract:Size-selective mortality caused by fishing can impose strong selection on harvested fish populations, causing evolution in important life-history traits. Understanding and predicting harvest-induced Evolutionary Change can help maintain sustainable fisheries. We investigate the Evolutionary sustainability of alternative management regimes for lacustrine brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) fisheries in southern Canada and aim to optimize these regimes with respect to the competing objectives of maximizing mean annual yield and minimizing Evolutionary Change in maturation schedules. Using a stochastic simulation model of brook charr populations consuming a dynamic resource, we investigate how harvesting affects brook charr maturation schedules. We show that when approximately 5% to 15% of the brook charr biomass is harvested, yields are high, and harvest-induced Evolutionary Changes remain small. Intensive harvesting (at approximately >15% of brook charr biomass) results in high average yields and little Evolutionary Change only when harvesting is restricted to brook charr larger than the size at 50% maturation probability at the age of 2 years. Otherwise, intensive harvesting lowers average yield and causes Evolutionary Change in the maturation schedule of brook charr. Our results indicate that intermediate harvesting efforts offer an acceptable compromise between avoiding harvest-induced Evolutionary Change and securing high average yields.
Zachariah Gompert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the predictability of genomic Changes underlying a recent host shift in melissa blue butterflies
Molecular Ecology, 2018Co-Authors: Samridhi Chaturvedi, Lauren K Lucas, Chris C Nice, James A Fordyce, Matthew L Forister, Zachariah GompertAbstract:Despite accumulating evidence that evolution can be predictable, studies quantifying the predictability of evolution remain rare. Here, we measured the predictability of genome-wide Evolutionary Changes associated with a recent host shift in the Melissa blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa). We asked whether and to what extent genome-wide patterns of Evolutionary Change in nature could be predicted (i) by comparisons among instances of repeated evolution and (ii) from SNP × performance associations in a laboratory experiment. We delineated the genetic loci (SNPs) most strongly associated with host use in two L. melissa lineages that colonized alfalfa. Whereas most SNPs were strongly associated with host use in none or one of these lineages, we detected a an approximately twofold excess of SNPs associated with host use in both lineages. Similarly, we found that host-associated SNPs in nature could also be partially predicted from SNP × performance (survival and weight) associations in a laboratory rearing experiment. But the extent of overlap, and thus degree of predictability, was somewhat reduced. Although we were able to predict (to a modest extent) the SNPs most strongly associated with host use in nature (in terms of parallelism and from the experiment), we had little to no ability to predict the direction of Evolutionary Change during the colonization of alfalfa. Our results show that different aspects of evolution associated with recent adaptation can be more or less predictable and highlight how stochastic and deterministic processes interact to drive patterns of genome-wide Evolutionary Change.
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the predictability of genomic Changes underlying a recent host shift in melissa blue butterflies
bioRxiv, 2017Co-Authors: Samridhi Chaturvedi, Lauren K Lucas, Chris C Nice, James A Fordyce, Matthew L Forister, Zachariah GompertAbstract:Despite accumulating evidence that evolution can be predictable, with populations employing similar genetic solutions in response to similar environmental pressures, studies quantifying the predictability of evolution are still rare. Herein, we measured the predictability of genome-wide Evolutionary Changes associated with a recent host shift in the Melissa blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa). We asked whether and to what extent genome-wide patterns of Evolutionary Change in nature could be predicted (1) by comparisons among instances of repeated evolution, and (2) from SNP-performance associations in lab experiments. We delineated the genetic loci (SNPs) mostly strongly associated with host use during two independent shifts of L. melissa onto alfalfa. Whereas most SNPs were strongly associated with host use in one of the two alfalfa-feeding lineages, we detected a two-fold (range = 1.5--2.8) excess of SNPs associated with host use in both lineages. Similarly, we found that host-associated SNPs in nature could also be partially predicted from SNP x performance (survival and weight) associations in lab rearing experiment. But the extent of overlap, and thus degree of predictability, was somewhat reduced (range of x-fold enrichment = 0.5--2.5). Although we were able to predict (to a modest extent) the SNPs most strongly associated with host use in nature (in terms of parallelism and from the experiment), we had little to no ability to predict the direction of Evolutionary Change during the colonization of alfalfa. We suspect that this limit on predictability occurred because patterns (including the direction) of linkage disequilibrium between the unknown causal variants and our SNP markers varied among populations. Thus, our results show that different aspects of evolution associated with recent adaptation can be more or less predictable, and highlight how stochastic and deterministic processes interact to drive patterns of genome-wide Evolutionary Change.
