The Experts below are selected from a list of 108 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Eric W Lemmon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a reference equation of state for the thermodynamic properties of nitrogen for temperatures from 63 151 to 1000 k and pressures to 2200 mpa
Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 2000Co-Authors: Roland Span, Eric W Lemmon, R T Jacobsen, W Wagner, Akimichi YokozekiAbstract:A new formulation for the thermodynamic properties of nitrogen has been developed. Many new data sets have become available, including high accuracy data from single and dual-sinker apparatuses which improve the accuracy of the representation of the pρT surface of gaseous, liquid, and supercritical nitrogen, including the saturation states. New measurements of the speed of sound from spherical resonators yield accurate information on caloric properties in gaseous and supercritical nitrogen. Isochoric heat capacity and enthalpy data have also been published. Sophisticated procedures for the optimization of the mathematical structure of equations of state and special functional forms for an improved representation of data in the critical region were used. Constraints regarding the structure of the equation ensure reasonable results up to extreme conditions of temperature and pressure. For calibration applications, the new reference equation is supplemented by a simple but also accurate formulation, valid only for supercritical nitrogen between 250 and 350 K at pressures up to 30 MPa. The uncertainty in density of the new reference equation of state ranges from 0.02% at pressures less than 30 MPa up to 0.6% at very high pressures, except in the range from 270 to 350 K at pressures less than 12 MPa where the uncertainty in density is 0.01%. The equation is valid from the triple point temperature to temperatures of 1000 K and up to pressures of 2200 MPa. From 1000 to 1800 K, the equation was validated with data of limited accuracy. The extrapolation behavior beyond 1800 K is reasonable up to the limits of chemical stability of nitrogen, as indicated by comparison to Experimental Shock tube data.
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thermodynamic properties of air and mixtures of nitrogen argon and oxygen from 60 to 2000 k at pressures to 2000 mpa
Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 2000Co-Authors: Eric W Lemmon, R T Jacobsen, S G Penoncello, Daniel G FriendAbstract:A thermodynamic property formulation for standard dry air based upon available Experimental p–ρ–T, heat capacity, speed of sound, and vapor–liquid equilibrium data is presented. This formulation is valid for liquid, vapor, and supercritical air at temperatures from the solidification point on the bubble-point curve (59.75 K) to 2000 K at pressures up to 2000 MPa. In the absence of reliable Experimental data for air above 873 K and 70 MPa, air properties were predicted from nitrogen data in this region. These values were included in the determination of the formulation to extend the range of validity. Experimental Shock tube measurements on air give an indication of the extrapolation behavior of the equation of state up to temperatures and pressures of 5000 K and 28 GPa. The available measurements of thermodynamic properties of air are summarized and analyzed. Separate ancillary equations for the calculation of dew and bubble-point pressures and densities of air are presented. In the range from the solidif...
Daniel G Friend - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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thermodynamic properties of air and mixtures of nitrogen argon and oxygen from 60 to 2000 k at pressures to 2000 mpa
Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 2000Co-Authors: Eric W Lemmon, R T Jacobsen, S G Penoncello, Daniel G FriendAbstract:A thermodynamic property formulation for standard dry air based upon available Experimental p–ρ–T, heat capacity, speed of sound, and vapor–liquid equilibrium data is presented. This formulation is valid for liquid, vapor, and supercritical air at temperatures from the solidification point on the bubble-point curve (59.75 K) to 2000 K at pressures up to 2000 MPa. In the absence of reliable Experimental data for air above 873 K and 70 MPa, air properties were predicted from nitrogen data in this region. These values were included in the determination of the formulation to extend the range of validity. Experimental Shock tube measurements on air give an indication of the extrapolation behavior of the equation of state up to temperatures and pressures of 5000 K and 28 GPa. The available measurements of thermodynamic properties of air are summarized and analyzed. Separate ancillary equations for the calculation of dew and bubble-point pressures and densities of air are presented. In the range from the solidif...
R T Jacobsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a reference equation of state for the thermodynamic properties of nitrogen for temperatures from 63 151 to 1000 k and pressures to 2200 mpa
Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 2000Co-Authors: Roland Span, Eric W Lemmon, R T Jacobsen, W Wagner, Akimichi YokozekiAbstract:A new formulation for the thermodynamic properties of nitrogen has been developed. Many new data sets have become available, including high accuracy data from single and dual-sinker apparatuses which improve the accuracy of the representation of the pρT surface of gaseous, liquid, and supercritical nitrogen, including the saturation states. New measurements of the speed of sound from spherical resonators yield accurate information on caloric properties in gaseous and supercritical nitrogen. Isochoric heat capacity and enthalpy data have also been published. Sophisticated procedures for the optimization of the mathematical structure of equations of state and special functional forms for an improved representation of data in the critical region were used. Constraints regarding the structure of the equation ensure reasonable results up to extreme conditions of temperature and pressure. For calibration applications, the new reference equation is supplemented by a simple but also accurate formulation, valid only for supercritical nitrogen between 250 and 350 K at pressures up to 30 MPa. The uncertainty in density of the new reference equation of state ranges from 0.02% at pressures less than 30 MPa up to 0.6% at very high pressures, except in the range from 270 to 350 K at pressures less than 12 MPa where the uncertainty in density is 0.01%. The equation is valid from the triple point temperature to temperatures of 1000 K and up to pressures of 2200 MPa. From 1000 to 1800 K, the equation was validated with data of limited accuracy. The extrapolation behavior beyond 1800 K is reasonable up to the limits of chemical stability of nitrogen, as indicated by comparison to Experimental Shock tube data.
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thermodynamic properties of air and mixtures of nitrogen argon and oxygen from 60 to 2000 k at pressures to 2000 mpa
Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 2000Co-Authors: Eric W Lemmon, R T Jacobsen, S G Penoncello, Daniel G FriendAbstract:A thermodynamic property formulation for standard dry air based upon available Experimental p–ρ–T, heat capacity, speed of sound, and vapor–liquid equilibrium data is presented. This formulation is valid for liquid, vapor, and supercritical air at temperatures from the solidification point on the bubble-point curve (59.75 K) to 2000 K at pressures up to 2000 MPa. In the absence of reliable Experimental data for air above 873 K and 70 MPa, air properties were predicted from nitrogen data in this region. These values were included in the determination of the formulation to extend the range of validity. Experimental Shock tube measurements on air give an indication of the extrapolation behavior of the equation of state up to temperatures and pressures of 5000 K and 28 GPa. The available measurements of thermodynamic properties of air are summarized and analyzed. Separate ancillary equations for the calculation of dew and bubble-point pressures and densities of air are presented. In the range from the solidif...
Akimichi Yokozeki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a reference equation of state for the thermodynamic properties of nitrogen for temperatures from 63 151 to 1000 k and pressures to 2200 mpa
Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, 2000Co-Authors: Roland Span, Eric W Lemmon, R T Jacobsen, W Wagner, Akimichi YokozekiAbstract:A new formulation for the thermodynamic properties of nitrogen has been developed. Many new data sets have become available, including high accuracy data from single and dual-sinker apparatuses which improve the accuracy of the representation of the pρT surface of gaseous, liquid, and supercritical nitrogen, including the saturation states. New measurements of the speed of sound from spherical resonators yield accurate information on caloric properties in gaseous and supercritical nitrogen. Isochoric heat capacity and enthalpy data have also been published. Sophisticated procedures for the optimization of the mathematical structure of equations of state and special functional forms for an improved representation of data in the critical region were used. Constraints regarding the structure of the equation ensure reasonable results up to extreme conditions of temperature and pressure. For calibration applications, the new reference equation is supplemented by a simple but also accurate formulation, valid only for supercritical nitrogen between 250 and 350 K at pressures up to 30 MPa. The uncertainty in density of the new reference equation of state ranges from 0.02% at pressures less than 30 MPa up to 0.6% at very high pressures, except in the range from 270 to 350 K at pressures less than 12 MPa where the uncertainty in density is 0.01%. The equation is valid from the triple point temperature to temperatures of 1000 K and up to pressures of 2200 MPa. From 1000 to 1800 K, the equation was validated with data of limited accuracy. The extrapolation behavior beyond 1800 K is reasonable up to the limits of chemical stability of nitrogen, as indicated by comparison to Experimental Shock tube data.
Xinping Long - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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two important factors influencing Shock sensitivity of nitro compounds bond dissociation energy of x no2 x c n o and mulliken charges of nitro group
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010Co-Authors: Rufang Peng, Xinping Long, Hongbo Li, Haishan DongAbstract:Abstract DFT/BLYP/DNP is employed to calculate bond dissociation energy of X–NO 2 (X = C, N, O) and Mulliken charges of nitro group of 14 kinds of nitro compounds, and partial least squares approximation is applied to linearly fit their Shock initiation pressure ( p 90%,TMD ). It is found that the fitted values are in good agreement with the Experimental Shock initiation pressures. The fitted model is used to predict the Shock initiation pressures of two kinds of explosives, TNB and TNETB. The predictive values are in accordance with Experimental ones. It reflects that bond dissociation energy of X–NO 2 (X = C, N, O) and Mulliken charge of nitro groups may be the important factors influencing the Shock sensitivity of nitro compounds. On the basis of the fitted model, bond dissociation energy of X–NO 2 (X = C) and Mulliken charges of nitro groups of another 14 kinds of heterocyclic nitro compounds are in consideration to predict Shock sensitivity. This work is meaningful in further understanding the Shock mechanism and helpful to the design and synthesis of novel energetic materials.
