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Theresa Schwartz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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peak Expiratory Flow rate in normal pregnancy
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 1997Co-Authors: Leo R Brancazio, Steven A Laifer, Theresa SchwartzAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To determine whether peak Expiratory Flow rate changes with pregnancy and advancing gestation. METHODS: We measured the peak Expiratory Flow rate in 57 women during each trimester of pregnancy and postpartum. During four visits, all subjects exhaled forcefully three times into a peak Flow meter. For each visit, the best of three attempts defined their peak Expiratory Flow rate. Using accepted standard nomograms, we normalized peak Expiratory Flow rate with respect to height and age. Using analysis of variance, we compared the mean normalized peak Expiratory Flow rates in each of the trimesters and postpartum. RESULTS: The subjects' peak Expiratory Flow rates did not change significantly during the three trimesters and postpartum (P = .317). The mean peak Expiratory Flow rates for the three trimesters and postpartum were 434 +/- 18, 452 +/- 16, 444 +/- 15, and 450 +/- 16 (values in liters per minute +/- 95% confidence intervals [CIs]). The mean normalized peak Expiratory Flow rates for the three trimesters and postpartum were 0.92 +/- 0.036, 0.95 +/- 0.032, 0.94 +/- 0.030, and 0.95 +/- 0.031 (values +/- 95% CI). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that peak Expiratory Flow rate does not change with pregnancy and advancing gestation. Therefore, testing peak Expiratory Flow rate in pregnancy is valid, and physicians can use peak Expiratory Flow rate accurately and reliably in the management of pregnant women with asthma.
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peak Expiratory Flow rate in normal pregnancy
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 1997Co-Authors: Leo R Brancazio, Steven A Laifer, Theresa SchwartzAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To determine whether peak Expiratory Flow rate changes with pregnancy and advancing gestation. METHODS: We measured the peak Expiratory Flow rate in 57 women during each trimester of pregnancy and postpartum. During four visits, all subjects exhaled forcefully three times into a peak Flow meter. For each visit, the best of three attempts defined their peak Expiratory Flow rate. Using accepted standard nomograms, we normalized peak Expiratory Flow rate with respect to height and age. Using analysis of variance, we compared the mean normalized peak Expiratory Flow rates in each of the trimesters and postpartum. RESULTS: The subjects' peak Expiratory Flow rates did not change significantly during the three trimesters and postpartum (P = .317). The mean peak Expiratory Flow rates for the three trimesters and postpartum were 434 +/- 18, 452 +/- 16, 444 +/- 15, and 450 +/- 16 (values in liters per minute +/- 95% confidence intervals [CIs]). The mean normalized peak Expiratory Flow rates for the three trimesters and postpartum were 0.92 +/- 0.036, 0.95 +/- 0.032, 0.94 +/- 0.030, and 0.95 +/- 0.031 (values +/- 95% CI). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that peak Expiratory Flow rate does not change with pregnancy and advancing gestation. Therefore, testing peak Expiratory Flow rate in pregnancy is valid, and physicians can use peak Expiratory Flow rate accurately and reliably in the management of pregnant women with asthma.
Karen J. Cruickshanks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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peak Expiratory Flow rate relationship to risk variables and mortality the wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy
Diabetes Care, 2001Co-Authors: Barbara E. K. Klein, Scot E Moss, Ronald Klein, Karen J. CruickshanksAbstract:OBJECTIVE —To examine correlates of peak Expiratory Flow rate in people with type 1 diabetes and to evaluate the relationship of peak Expiratory Flow rate to mortality. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —A cohort study that was originally designed to determine the prevalence, incidence, and severity of diabetic retinopathy also provided the opportunity to measure peak Expiratory Flow rate. This was first measured at a 10-year follow-up and was evaluated in regard to risk factors for microvascular complications of diabetes. Mortality during 6 years of follow-up after the measurement was also ascertained. RESULTS —In multivariable analysis, peak Expiratory Flow rate was associated with sex, age, height, BMI, history of cardiovascular disease, pulse rate, duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin, and end-stage renal disease. Peak Expiratory Flow rate was significantly associated with survival in categorical analyses. Even after considering age, sex, renal disease, history of cardiovascular disease, respiratory symptoms, duration of diabetes, cigarette smoking, and hypertension, peak Expiratory Flow rate was still significantly related to survival (hazard ratio 0.61 [95% CI 0.46–0.82]). CONCLUSIONS —These data indicate that peak Expiratory Flow rate is associated with risk factors for other complications of diabetes. In addition, peak Expiratory Flow rate is a significant predictor of survival over even a relatively short period of time (6 years) in patients with younger-onset diabetes.
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peak Expiratory Flow rate relationship to risk variables and mortality the wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy
Diabetes Care, 2001Co-Authors: Barbara E. K. Klein, Scot E Moss, Ronald Klein, Karen J. CruickshanksAbstract:OBJECTIVE —To examine correlates of peak Expiratory Flow rate in people with type 1 diabetes and to evaluate the relationship of peak Expiratory Flow rate to mortality. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —A cohort study that was originally designed to determine the prevalence, incidence, and severity of diabetic retinopathy also provided the opportunity to measure peak Expiratory Flow rate. This was first measured at a 10-year follow-up and was evaluated in regard to risk factors for microvascular complications of diabetes. Mortality during 6 years of follow-up after the measurement was also ascertained. RESULTS —In multivariable analysis, peak Expiratory Flow rate was associated with sex, age, height, BMI, history of cardiovascular disease, pulse rate, duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin, and end-stage renal disease. Peak Expiratory Flow rate was significantly associated with survival in categorical analyses. Even after considering age, sex, renal disease, history of cardiovascular disease, respiratory symptoms, duration of diabetes, cigarette smoking, and hypertension, peak Expiratory Flow rate was still significantly related to survival (hazard ratio 0.61 [95% CI 0.46–0.82]). CONCLUSIONS —These data indicate that peak Expiratory Flow rate is associated with risk factors for other complications of diabetes. In addition, peak Expiratory Flow rate is a significant predictor of survival over even a relatively short period of time (6 years) in patients with younger-onset diabetes.
Leo R Brancazio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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peak Expiratory Flow rate in normal pregnancy
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 1997Co-Authors: Leo R Brancazio, Steven A Laifer, Theresa SchwartzAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To determine whether peak Expiratory Flow rate changes with pregnancy and advancing gestation. METHODS: We measured the peak Expiratory Flow rate in 57 women during each trimester of pregnancy and postpartum. During four visits, all subjects exhaled forcefully three times into a peak Flow meter. For each visit, the best of three attempts defined their peak Expiratory Flow rate. Using accepted standard nomograms, we normalized peak Expiratory Flow rate with respect to height and age. Using analysis of variance, we compared the mean normalized peak Expiratory Flow rates in each of the trimesters and postpartum. RESULTS: The subjects' peak Expiratory Flow rates did not change significantly during the three trimesters and postpartum (P = .317). The mean peak Expiratory Flow rates for the three trimesters and postpartum were 434 +/- 18, 452 +/- 16, 444 +/- 15, and 450 +/- 16 (values in liters per minute +/- 95% confidence intervals [CIs]). The mean normalized peak Expiratory Flow rates for the three trimesters and postpartum were 0.92 +/- 0.036, 0.95 +/- 0.032, 0.94 +/- 0.030, and 0.95 +/- 0.031 (values +/- 95% CI). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that peak Expiratory Flow rate does not change with pregnancy and advancing gestation. Therefore, testing peak Expiratory Flow rate in pregnancy is valid, and physicians can use peak Expiratory Flow rate accurately and reliably in the management of pregnant women with asthma.
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peak Expiratory Flow rate in normal pregnancy
Obstetrics & Gynecology, 1997Co-Authors: Leo R Brancazio, Steven A Laifer, Theresa SchwartzAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To determine whether peak Expiratory Flow rate changes with pregnancy and advancing gestation. METHODS: We measured the peak Expiratory Flow rate in 57 women during each trimester of pregnancy and postpartum. During four visits, all subjects exhaled forcefully three times into a peak Flow meter. For each visit, the best of three attempts defined their peak Expiratory Flow rate. Using accepted standard nomograms, we normalized peak Expiratory Flow rate with respect to height and age. Using analysis of variance, we compared the mean normalized peak Expiratory Flow rates in each of the trimesters and postpartum. RESULTS: The subjects' peak Expiratory Flow rates did not change significantly during the three trimesters and postpartum (P = .317). The mean peak Expiratory Flow rates for the three trimesters and postpartum were 434 +/- 18, 452 +/- 16, 444 +/- 15, and 450 +/- 16 (values in liters per minute +/- 95% confidence intervals [CIs]). The mean normalized peak Expiratory Flow rates for the three trimesters and postpartum were 0.92 +/- 0.036, 0.95 +/- 0.032, 0.94 +/- 0.030, and 0.95 +/- 0.031 (values +/- 95% CI). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that peak Expiratory Flow rate does not change with pregnancy and advancing gestation. Therefore, testing peak Expiratory Flow rate in pregnancy is valid, and physicians can use peak Expiratory Flow rate accurately and reliably in the management of pregnant women with asthma.
J. Milic-emili - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Expiratory Flow Limitation in Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Intensive Care Medicine, 2003Co-Authors: A. Koutsoukou, Ch. Roussos, J. Milic-emiliAbstract:The highest pulmonary ventilation that a subject can achieve is ultimately limited by the highest Flow rates that can be generated. Most normal subjects and endurance-trained athletes do not exhibit Expiratory Flow limitation even during maximal exercise [1, 2]. In contrast, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may exhibit Expiratory Flow limitation even at rest, as first reported by Hyatt [1]. This is based on the observation that, even at rest, many patients with severe COPD often breathe tidally along their maximal Expiratory Flow-volume (MEFV) curve (Fig. 1) [3]. The presence of Expiratory Flow limitation during tidal breathing promotes dynamic hyperinflation with a concurrent increase in inspiratory work, functional impairment of inspiratory muscles, and adverse effects on hemodynamics and dyspnea [4, 5]. It also plays a central role in causing acute ventilatory failure.
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Mechanisms and Detection of Tidal Expiratory Flow Limitation
Anesthesia Pain Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine — A.P.I.C.E., 2000Co-Authors: J. Milic-emiliAbstract:The highest pulmonary ventilation that a subject can achieve is ultimately limited by the highest Flow rates that can be generated. Most normal subjects and endurnance-trained athletes do not exhibit Expiratory Flow limitation even during maximal exercise [1, 2]. In contrast, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may exhibit Flow limitation even at rest, as first suggested by Hyatt [1]. This was based on his observation that patients with severe COPD often breathe tidally along their MEFV curve. The presence of Expiratory Flow limitation during tidal breathing promotes dynamic pulmonary hyperinflation, with concomitant increase of inspiratory work, impairment of inspiratory muscle function and adverse effects on hemodynamics [3], and may contribute to dyspnea [4].
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Detection of Expiratory Flow limitation during mechanical ventilation.
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 1994Co-Authors: P. Valta, Claude Corbeil, A. Lavoie, R Campodonico, Nikolaos Koulouris, M. Chasse, Joseph Braidy, J. Milic-emiliAbstract:Two new methods, application of negative pressure at the airway opening during expiration (NEP) and reduction of Flow resistance by bypassing the Expiratory line of the ventilator by exhaling into the atmosphere (ATM), were used to detect Expiratory Flow limitation in 12 semirecumbent (45 degree) mechanically ventilated patients, seven with chronic airway obstruction (CAO). An increase of Expiratory Flow with NEP or ATM, relative to the preceding control breath, was taken as indicating absence of Expiratory Flow limitation. By contrast, the portion of the tidal expiration over which there was no change in Flow with NEP or ATM was considered as Flow-limited. With NEP, nine patients exhibited Flow limitation, six (all with CAO) were Flow-limited over most of the tidal expiration (> 70% VT), and three at < 60% VT. Although the results with NEP and ATM were in general in good agreement, in the three non-Flow-limited patients the ATM method gave erroneous results. Six patients were also studied supine, including two who were not Flow-limited when semirecumbent: both became Flow-limited when supine. We conclude that NEP provides a simple method to detect Flow limitation in mechanically ventilated patients. The supine position enhances Flow limitation.
Barbara E. K. Klein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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peak Expiratory Flow rate relationship to risk variables and mortality the wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy
Diabetes Care, 2001Co-Authors: Barbara E. K. Klein, Scot E Moss, Ronald Klein, Karen J. CruickshanksAbstract:OBJECTIVE —To examine correlates of peak Expiratory Flow rate in people with type 1 diabetes and to evaluate the relationship of peak Expiratory Flow rate to mortality. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —A cohort study that was originally designed to determine the prevalence, incidence, and severity of diabetic retinopathy also provided the opportunity to measure peak Expiratory Flow rate. This was first measured at a 10-year follow-up and was evaluated in regard to risk factors for microvascular complications of diabetes. Mortality during 6 years of follow-up after the measurement was also ascertained. RESULTS —In multivariable analysis, peak Expiratory Flow rate was associated with sex, age, height, BMI, history of cardiovascular disease, pulse rate, duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin, and end-stage renal disease. Peak Expiratory Flow rate was significantly associated with survival in categorical analyses. Even after considering age, sex, renal disease, history of cardiovascular disease, respiratory symptoms, duration of diabetes, cigarette smoking, and hypertension, peak Expiratory Flow rate was still significantly related to survival (hazard ratio 0.61 [95% CI 0.46–0.82]). CONCLUSIONS —These data indicate that peak Expiratory Flow rate is associated with risk factors for other complications of diabetes. In addition, peak Expiratory Flow rate is a significant predictor of survival over even a relatively short period of time (6 years) in patients with younger-onset diabetes.
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peak Expiratory Flow rate relationship to risk variables and mortality the wisconsin epidemiologic study of diabetic retinopathy
Diabetes Care, 2001Co-Authors: Barbara E. K. Klein, Scot E Moss, Ronald Klein, Karen J. CruickshanksAbstract:OBJECTIVE —To examine correlates of peak Expiratory Flow rate in people with type 1 diabetes and to evaluate the relationship of peak Expiratory Flow rate to mortality. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS —A cohort study that was originally designed to determine the prevalence, incidence, and severity of diabetic retinopathy also provided the opportunity to measure peak Expiratory Flow rate. This was first measured at a 10-year follow-up and was evaluated in regard to risk factors for microvascular complications of diabetes. Mortality during 6 years of follow-up after the measurement was also ascertained. RESULTS —In multivariable analysis, peak Expiratory Flow rate was associated with sex, age, height, BMI, history of cardiovascular disease, pulse rate, duration of diabetes, glycosylated hemoglobin, and end-stage renal disease. Peak Expiratory Flow rate was significantly associated with survival in categorical analyses. Even after considering age, sex, renal disease, history of cardiovascular disease, respiratory symptoms, duration of diabetes, cigarette smoking, and hypertension, peak Expiratory Flow rate was still significantly related to survival (hazard ratio 0.61 [95% CI 0.46–0.82]). CONCLUSIONS —These data indicate that peak Expiratory Flow rate is associated with risk factors for other complications of diabetes. In addition, peak Expiratory Flow rate is a significant predictor of survival over even a relatively short period of time (6 years) in patients with younger-onset diabetes.
