The Experts below are selected from a list of 37584 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zhicai Xie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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discriminating the effects of local stressors from climatic Factors and dispersal processes on multiple biodiversity dimensions of macroinvertebrate communities across subtropical drainage basins
Science of The Total Environment, 2020Co-Authors: Zhenyuan Liu, Jani Heino, Xiaoming Jiang, Jun Wang, Tao Tang, Zhicai XieAbstract:Metacommunity ecology emphasizes that community structure and diversity are not only determined by local environmental conditions through environmental filtering, but also by dispersal-related processes, such as mass effects, dispersal limitation and patch dynamics. However, the roles of dispersal processes are typically ignored in bioassessment approaches. Here, we simultaneously explored the potential influences of four groups of Factors: local stressors, climatic Factors, within-basin spatial Factors and basin identity in explaining variation in diversity indices of macroinvertebrate assemblages from seven subtropical tributary rivers. A total of 12 biodiversity indices based on species identities, functional traits and taxonomic relatedness were calculated and used in the subsequent statistical analysis. Our results showed that, although differing in their relative importance, the four Explanatory Factor groups all played important roles in explaining variation in biodiversity indices. Of the pure fractions, index variation was best explained by local environmental stressors, whereas the other three Explanatory Factor groups appeared less influential. Furthermore, diversity indices from species, functional and taxonomic dimensions responded distinctly to the focal ecological Factors, and differed in their abilities to portray the effects of human disturbances on macroinvertebrate communities. Taxonomic distinctness indices performed best, with the highest amount of variation associated to local stressors and hardly any variation explained by other Factors, implying that these indices are robust in portraying human disturbances in streams. However, species diversity and functional diversity indices were also affected by spatial processes and climatic Factors, suggesting that these indices should be used with caution in bioassessment. We hence conclude that environmental assessment of riverine ecosystems should not rely entirely on the perspective of species sorting. In contrast, both roles of spatial processes and environmental variables related to human disturbances and climatic variation should be incorporated in management and conservation of riverine ecosystems.
Elke Wolf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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establishment level wage effects of entering motherhood
Social Science Research Network, 2009Co-Authors: Miriam Beblo, Stefan Bender, Elke WolfAbstract:We analyse the wage effects following employment breaks of women who enter motherhood using a novel matching approach where mothers’ wages upon return to work are compared to those of their female colleagues within the same establishment. Using an administrative German data set, we apply a fixed-effects propensity score matching based on information two years before birth of the first child. Our results yield new insights into the nature of the wage penalty associated with motherhood: when matching with establishment-specific effects we find that first births reduce women's wages by 19%, whereas ignoring the identifier and matching across all establishments would yield a wage cut of 26%. We therefore conclude that selection into establishments is an important Explanatory Factor for the family pay gap.
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establishment level wage effects of entering motherhood
Oxford Economic Papers, 2009Co-Authors: Miriam Beblo, Stefan Bender, Elke WolfAbstract:We analyse the wage effects following employment breaks of women who enter motherhood using a novel matching approach where mothers' wages upon return to work are compared to those of their female colleagues within the same establishment. Using an administrative German data set, we apply a fixed-effects propensity score matching based on information two years before birth of the first child. Our results yield new insights into the nature of the wage penalty associated with motherhood: when matching with establishment-specific effects we find that first births reduce women's wages by 19%, whereas ignoring the identifier and matching across all establishments would yield a wage cut of 26%. We therefore conclude that selection into establishments is an important Explanatory Factor for the family pay gap. Copyright 2009 , Oxford University Press.
Jacoba P Greving - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cerebral blood flow and cognitive functioning in patients with disorders along the heart brain axis cerebral blood flow and the heart brain axis
Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions, 2020Co-Authors: Anna E Leeuwis, Astrid M Hooghiemstra, Esther E Bron, Sanne Kuipers, Eline A Oudeman, Tugba Kalay, Hanspeter Brunnerla Rocca, Jaap L Kappelle, Robert J Van Oostenbrugge, Jacoba P GrevingAbstract:Introduction: We examined the role of hemodynamic dysfunction in cognition by relating cerebral blood flow (CBF), measured with arterial spin labeling (ASL), to cognitive functioning, in patients with heart failure (HF), carotid occlusive disease (COD), and patients with cognitive complaints and vascular brain injury on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; ie, possible vascular cognitive impairment [VCI]). Methods: We included 439 participants (124 HF; 75 COD; 127 possible VCI; 113 reference participants) from the Dutch multi-center Heart–Brain Study. We used pseudo-continuous ASL to estimate whole-brain and regional partial volume-corrected CBF. Neuropsychological tests covered global cognition and four cognitive domains. Results: CBF values were lowest in COD, followed by VCI and HF, compared to reference participants. This did not explain cognitive impairment, as we did not find an association between CBF and cognitive functioning. Discussion: We found that reduced CBF is not the major Explanatory Factor underlying cognitive impairment in patients with hemodynamic dysfunction along the heart–brain axis.
Zhenyuan Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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discriminating the effects of local stressors from climatic Factors and dispersal processes on multiple biodiversity dimensions of macroinvertebrate communities across subtropical drainage basins
Science of The Total Environment, 2020Co-Authors: Zhenyuan Liu, Jani Heino, Xiaoming Jiang, Jun Wang, Tao Tang, Zhicai XieAbstract:Metacommunity ecology emphasizes that community structure and diversity are not only determined by local environmental conditions through environmental filtering, but also by dispersal-related processes, such as mass effects, dispersal limitation and patch dynamics. However, the roles of dispersal processes are typically ignored in bioassessment approaches. Here, we simultaneously explored the potential influences of four groups of Factors: local stressors, climatic Factors, within-basin spatial Factors and basin identity in explaining variation in diversity indices of macroinvertebrate assemblages from seven subtropical tributary rivers. A total of 12 biodiversity indices based on species identities, functional traits and taxonomic relatedness were calculated and used in the subsequent statistical analysis. Our results showed that, although differing in their relative importance, the four Explanatory Factor groups all played important roles in explaining variation in biodiversity indices. Of the pure fractions, index variation was best explained by local environmental stressors, whereas the other three Explanatory Factor groups appeared less influential. Furthermore, diversity indices from species, functional and taxonomic dimensions responded distinctly to the focal ecological Factors, and differed in their abilities to portray the effects of human disturbances on macroinvertebrate communities. Taxonomic distinctness indices performed best, with the highest amount of variation associated to local stressors and hardly any variation explained by other Factors, implying that these indices are robust in portraying human disturbances in streams. However, species diversity and functional diversity indices were also affected by spatial processes and climatic Factors, suggesting that these indices should be used with caution in bioassessment. We hence conclude that environmental assessment of riverine ecosystems should not rely entirely on the perspective of species sorting. In contrast, both roles of spatial processes and environmental variables related to human disturbances and climatic variation should be incorporated in management and conservation of riverine ecosystems.
Miriam Beblo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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establishment level wage effects of entering motherhood
Social Science Research Network, 2009Co-Authors: Miriam Beblo, Stefan Bender, Elke WolfAbstract:We analyse the wage effects following employment breaks of women who enter motherhood using a novel matching approach where mothers’ wages upon return to work are compared to those of their female colleagues within the same establishment. Using an administrative German data set, we apply a fixed-effects propensity score matching based on information two years before birth of the first child. Our results yield new insights into the nature of the wage penalty associated with motherhood: when matching with establishment-specific effects we find that first births reduce women's wages by 19%, whereas ignoring the identifier and matching across all establishments would yield a wage cut of 26%. We therefore conclude that selection into establishments is an important Explanatory Factor for the family pay gap.
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establishment level wage effects of entering motherhood
Oxford Economic Papers, 2009Co-Authors: Miriam Beblo, Stefan Bender, Elke WolfAbstract:We analyse the wage effects following employment breaks of women who enter motherhood using a novel matching approach where mothers' wages upon return to work are compared to those of their female colleagues within the same establishment. Using an administrative German data set, we apply a fixed-effects propensity score matching based on information two years before birth of the first child. Our results yield new insights into the nature of the wage penalty associated with motherhood: when matching with establishment-specific effects we find that first births reduce women's wages by 19%, whereas ignoring the identifier and matching across all establishments would yield a wage cut of 26%. We therefore conclude that selection into establishments is an important Explanatory Factor for the family pay gap. Copyright 2009 , Oxford University Press.
