The Experts below are selected from a list of 252 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Anne Ventura - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of sensitivity analysis in the life cycle design for the durability of reinforced concrete structures in the case of XC4 Exposure Class
Cement and Concrete Composites, 2018Co-Authors: T.a. Van-loc, Tristan Senga Kiesse, Stéphanie Bonnet, Anne VenturaAbstract:Abstract The aim of this study is to develop a new design procedure for the durability of the Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures in aggressive environments. The study approach developed here includes: (i) a qualitative analysis phase to characterize the design parameters and environmental Exposure conditions of RC structures; (ii) a quantitative analysis phase, to establish the relationship between service life and design parameters and environmental Exposure conditions using the service life prediction model firstly, and then to determine the most influential design parameters on service life using sensitivity analyses; and (iii) a final design phase, to design RC structures using some favorable values of the most influential design parameters firstly, and then to compare the service life thus obtained with that of RC structures designed using a standardized approach. An application is also proposed on simulated RC structure exposed to carbonation in Madrid (Spain). This RC structure follows the recommendations of the European standard EN 206–1 for XC4 Exposure Class. The sensitivity analysis results are discussed in detail including influence trends, importance ranking, non-monotonic effects and parameter interaction influences. The most influential design parameters obtained are cement strength Class ( f c e m ), water-to-cement ratio ( W / C ) and cement type ( C E M ). By using W / C of about 0.4, f c e m of about 52.5 MPa and CEM I cement type instead of their limiting value as recommended by EN 206–1, the service life of the RC structure is significantly improved.
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Application of sensitivity analysis in the life cycle design for the durability of reinforced concrete structures in the case of XC4 Exposure Class
Cement and Concrete Composites, 2018Co-Authors: Tristan Senga Kiessé, Stéphanie Bonnet, Anne VenturaAbstract:The aim of this study is to develop a new design procedure for the durability of the Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures in aggressive environments. The study approach developed here includes: (i) a qualitative analysis phase to characterize the design parameters and environmental Exposure conditions of RC structures; (ii) a quantitative analysis phase, to establish the relationship between service life and design parameters and environmental Exposure conditions using the service life prediction model firstly, and then to determine the most influential design parameters on service life using sensitivity analyses; and (iii) a final design phase, to design RC structures using some favorable values of the most influential design parameters firstly, and then to compare the service life thus obtained with that of RC structures designed using a standardized approach. An application is also proposed on simulated RC structure exposed to carbonation in Madrid (Spain). This RC structure follows the recommendations of the European standard EN 206-1 for XC4 Exposure Class. The sensitivity analysis results are discussed in detail including influence trends, importance ranking, non-monotonic effects and parameter interaction influences. The most influential design parameters obtained are cement strength Class ( f c e m ), water-to-cement ratio ( W / C ) and cement type ( C E M ). By using W / C of about 0.4, f c e m of about 52.5 MPa and CEM I cement type instead of their limiting value as recommended by EN 206-1, the service life of the RC structure is significantly improved. en anglais
Eero Pukkala - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occupational Exposure to eight organic dusts and respiratory cancer among Finns
Occupational and environmental medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Aarne Laakkonen, Pentti Kyyrönen, Timo Kauppinen, Eero PukkalaAbstract:Background: There is inconclusive evidence concerning cancer risks of organic dusts. Aim: The carcinogenic Exposures are mainly inhalatory and the authors therefore studied associations between occupational Exposure to eight different organic dusts and respiratory cancers in Finland. Methods: The authors followed up a cohort of all economically active Finns born between 1906 and 1945 for 30 million person-years during 1971–95. Incident cases of nasal, laryngeal, and lung cancer and mesotheliomas were identified through a record linkage with the Finnish Cancer Registry. Occupations from the population census in 1970 were converted to Exposures to eight organic dusts with a job-Exposure matrix (FINJEM). Cumulative Exposure (CE) was calculated as a product of prevalence, level, and estimated duration of Exposure. Standardised incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age, period, and social Class were calculated for each organic dust using the economically active population as the reference. Results: A total of 20 426 incident cases of respiratory cancer were observed. Slightly increased risk was observed among men exposed to wood dust for nasal cancer (SIR 1.42, 95% CI 0.79 to 2.44). For laryngeal cancer, men exposed to plant dust (mainly grain millers) had a raised SIR in the high Exposure Class (SIR 3.55, 95% CI 1.30 to 7.72). Men exposed to wood dust had a raised SIR for lung cancer, but only in the low Exposure Class (SIR 1.11, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.18). Women exposed to wood dust showed an increased SIR for mesotheliomas in the low Exposure Class (SIR 4.57, 95% CI 1.25 to 11.7) and some excess in the medium Exposure category. Conclusions: Exposure to organic dusts is unlikely to be a major risk factor of respiratory cancer. Even Exposure to wood dust which is a major Exposure in Finland seems to have minor effect for nasal cancer. The authors found suggestive evidence that Exposure to grain dust may increase the risk of laryngeal cancer, and some support to the hypothesis that Exposure to textile dust, and to plant and animal dust (agricultural dusts) may decrease the risk of lung cancer.
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Occupational Exposure to eight organic dusts and respiratory cancer among finns. Commentary
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: L. Rushton, Aarne Laakkonen, Pentti Kyyrönen, Timo Kauppinen, Eero PukkalaAbstract:Background: There is inconclusive evidence concerning cancer risks of organic dusts. Aim: The carcinogenic Exposures are mainly inhalatory and the authors therefore studied associations between occupational Exposure to eight different organic dusts and respiratory cancers in Finland. Methods: The authors followed up a cohort of all economically active Finns born between 1906 and 1945 for 30 million person-years during 1971-95. Incident cases of nasal, laryngeal, and lung cancer and mesotheliomas were identified through a record linkage with the Finnish Cancer Registry. Occupations from the population census in 1970 were converted to Exposures to eight organic dusts with a job-Exposure matrix (FINJEM). Cumulative Exposure (CE) was calculated as a product of prevalence, level, and estimated duration of Exposure. Standardised incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (Cl) adjusted for age, period, and social Class were calculated for each organic dust using the economically active population as the reference. Results: A total of 20 426 incident cases of respiratory cancer were observed. Slightly increased risk was observed among men exposed to wood dust for nasal cancer (SIR 1.42, 95% Cl 0.79 to 2.44). For laryngeal cancer, men exposed to plant dust (mainly grain millers) had a raised SIR in the high Exposure Class (SIR 3.55, 95% Cl 1.30 to 7.72). Men exposed to wood dust had a raised SIR for lung cancer, but only in the low Exposure Class (SIR 1.11, 95% Cl 1.04 to 1.18). Women exposed to wood dust showed an increased SIR for mesotheliomas in the low Exposure Class (SIR 4.57, 95% Cl 1.25 to 11.7) and some excess in the medium Exposure category. Conclusions: Exposure to organic dusts is unlikely to be a major risk factor of respiratory cancer. Even Exposure to wood dust which is a major Exposure in Finland seems to have minor effect for nasal cancer. The authors found suggestive evidence that Exposure to grain dust may increase the risk of laryngeal cancer, and some support to the hypothesis that Exposure to textile dust, and to plant and animal dust (agricultural dusts) may decrease the risk of lung cancer.
Stéphanie Bonnet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of sensitivity analysis in the life cycle design for the durability of reinforced concrete structures in the case of XC4 Exposure Class
Cement and Concrete Composites, 2018Co-Authors: T.a. Van-loc, Tristan Senga Kiesse, Stéphanie Bonnet, Anne VenturaAbstract:Abstract The aim of this study is to develop a new design procedure for the durability of the Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures in aggressive environments. The study approach developed here includes: (i) a qualitative analysis phase to characterize the design parameters and environmental Exposure conditions of RC structures; (ii) a quantitative analysis phase, to establish the relationship between service life and design parameters and environmental Exposure conditions using the service life prediction model firstly, and then to determine the most influential design parameters on service life using sensitivity analyses; and (iii) a final design phase, to design RC structures using some favorable values of the most influential design parameters firstly, and then to compare the service life thus obtained with that of RC structures designed using a standardized approach. An application is also proposed on simulated RC structure exposed to carbonation in Madrid (Spain). This RC structure follows the recommendations of the European standard EN 206–1 for XC4 Exposure Class. The sensitivity analysis results are discussed in detail including influence trends, importance ranking, non-monotonic effects and parameter interaction influences. The most influential design parameters obtained are cement strength Class ( f c e m ), water-to-cement ratio ( W / C ) and cement type ( C E M ). By using W / C of about 0.4, f c e m of about 52.5 MPa and CEM I cement type instead of their limiting value as recommended by EN 206–1, the service life of the RC structure is significantly improved.
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Application of sensitivity analysis in the life cycle design for the durability of reinforced concrete structures in the case of XC4 Exposure Class
Cement and Concrete Composites, 2018Co-Authors: Tristan Senga Kiessé, Stéphanie Bonnet, Anne VenturaAbstract:The aim of this study is to develop a new design procedure for the durability of the Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures in aggressive environments. The study approach developed here includes: (i) a qualitative analysis phase to characterize the design parameters and environmental Exposure conditions of RC structures; (ii) a quantitative analysis phase, to establish the relationship between service life and design parameters and environmental Exposure conditions using the service life prediction model firstly, and then to determine the most influential design parameters on service life using sensitivity analyses; and (iii) a final design phase, to design RC structures using some favorable values of the most influential design parameters firstly, and then to compare the service life thus obtained with that of RC structures designed using a standardized approach. An application is also proposed on simulated RC structure exposed to carbonation in Madrid (Spain). This RC structure follows the recommendations of the European standard EN 206-1 for XC4 Exposure Class. The sensitivity analysis results are discussed in detail including influence trends, importance ranking, non-monotonic effects and parameter interaction influences. The most influential design parameters obtained are cement strength Class ( f c e m ), water-to-cement ratio ( W / C ) and cement type ( C E M ). By using W / C of about 0.4, f c e m of about 52.5 MPa and CEM I cement type instead of their limiting value as recommended by EN 206-1, the service life of the RC structure is significantly improved. en anglais
Aarne Laakkonen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occupational Exposure to eight organic dusts and respiratory cancer among Finns
Occupational and environmental medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Aarne Laakkonen, Pentti Kyyrönen, Timo Kauppinen, Eero PukkalaAbstract:Background: There is inconclusive evidence concerning cancer risks of organic dusts. Aim: The carcinogenic Exposures are mainly inhalatory and the authors therefore studied associations between occupational Exposure to eight different organic dusts and respiratory cancers in Finland. Methods: The authors followed up a cohort of all economically active Finns born between 1906 and 1945 for 30 million person-years during 1971–95. Incident cases of nasal, laryngeal, and lung cancer and mesotheliomas were identified through a record linkage with the Finnish Cancer Registry. Occupations from the population census in 1970 were converted to Exposures to eight organic dusts with a job-Exposure matrix (FINJEM). Cumulative Exposure (CE) was calculated as a product of prevalence, level, and estimated duration of Exposure. Standardised incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age, period, and social Class were calculated for each organic dust using the economically active population as the reference. Results: A total of 20 426 incident cases of respiratory cancer were observed. Slightly increased risk was observed among men exposed to wood dust for nasal cancer (SIR 1.42, 95% CI 0.79 to 2.44). For laryngeal cancer, men exposed to plant dust (mainly grain millers) had a raised SIR in the high Exposure Class (SIR 3.55, 95% CI 1.30 to 7.72). Men exposed to wood dust had a raised SIR for lung cancer, but only in the low Exposure Class (SIR 1.11, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.18). Women exposed to wood dust showed an increased SIR for mesotheliomas in the low Exposure Class (SIR 4.57, 95% CI 1.25 to 11.7) and some excess in the medium Exposure category. Conclusions: Exposure to organic dusts is unlikely to be a major risk factor of respiratory cancer. Even Exposure to wood dust which is a major Exposure in Finland seems to have minor effect for nasal cancer. The authors found suggestive evidence that Exposure to grain dust may increase the risk of laryngeal cancer, and some support to the hypothesis that Exposure to textile dust, and to plant and animal dust (agricultural dusts) may decrease the risk of lung cancer.
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Occupational Exposure to eight organic dusts and respiratory cancer among finns. Commentary
Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: L. Rushton, Aarne Laakkonen, Pentti Kyyrönen, Timo Kauppinen, Eero PukkalaAbstract:Background: There is inconclusive evidence concerning cancer risks of organic dusts. Aim: The carcinogenic Exposures are mainly inhalatory and the authors therefore studied associations between occupational Exposure to eight different organic dusts and respiratory cancers in Finland. Methods: The authors followed up a cohort of all economically active Finns born between 1906 and 1945 for 30 million person-years during 1971-95. Incident cases of nasal, laryngeal, and lung cancer and mesotheliomas were identified through a record linkage with the Finnish Cancer Registry. Occupations from the population census in 1970 were converted to Exposures to eight organic dusts with a job-Exposure matrix (FINJEM). Cumulative Exposure (CE) was calculated as a product of prevalence, level, and estimated duration of Exposure. Standardised incidence ratios (SIR) and 95% confidence intervals (Cl) adjusted for age, period, and social Class were calculated for each organic dust using the economically active population as the reference. Results: A total of 20 426 incident cases of respiratory cancer were observed. Slightly increased risk was observed among men exposed to wood dust for nasal cancer (SIR 1.42, 95% Cl 0.79 to 2.44). For laryngeal cancer, men exposed to plant dust (mainly grain millers) had a raised SIR in the high Exposure Class (SIR 3.55, 95% Cl 1.30 to 7.72). Men exposed to wood dust had a raised SIR for lung cancer, but only in the low Exposure Class (SIR 1.11, 95% Cl 1.04 to 1.18). Women exposed to wood dust showed an increased SIR for mesotheliomas in the low Exposure Class (SIR 4.57, 95% Cl 1.25 to 11.7) and some excess in the medium Exposure category. Conclusions: Exposure to organic dusts is unlikely to be a major risk factor of respiratory cancer. Even Exposure to wood dust which is a major Exposure in Finland seems to have minor effect for nasal cancer. The authors found suggestive evidence that Exposure to grain dust may increase the risk of laryngeal cancer, and some support to the hypothesis that Exposure to textile dust, and to plant and animal dust (agricultural dusts) may decrease the risk of lung cancer.
Melissa H. Abadi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Differential patterns of e-cigarette and tobacco marketing Exposures among youth: Associations with substance use and tobacco prevention strategies.
The International journal on drug policy, 2020Co-Authors: Nicholas Peiper, Camila Aramburu, Kirsten Thompson, Melissa H. AbadiAbstract:Abstract Background This study identified patterns of tobacco marketing Exposures among youth and examined their associations with substance use and tobacco prevention strategies. Methods In Fall 2018, 2,058 middle and high school students (ages 11-18) in an Appalachian county completed a substance use and behavioral health surveillance survey. We conducted latent Class analysis (LCA) to identify Exposure Classes based on responses to 14 tobacco marketing Exposures. Multinomial logistic regression was then performed to determine associations between the latent Classes with past 30-day substance use and tobacco prevention strategies (e.g., school policies, parental rules, prevention messages). Results Four latent Classes of marketing Exposure were identified among middle school students: low Exposure, television, social media, and high Exposure. Multinomial logistic regression found significant associations between e-cigarette use with the social media and high Exposure Classes, while prescription drug use was associated with the social media Class and alcohol use with the high Exposure Class. For high school students, five Classes were identified: low Exposure, social media, environmental, cigarettes, and high Exposure. E-cigarette and prescription drug use were associated with the social media and high Exposure Classes. Cigarette use was associated with the social media Class. School rules prohibiting e-cigarettes were associated with the television Class for middle school students. Self-reported Exposure to prevention messages about the harms of tobacco were associated with multiple Exposure Classes for both middle (television and social media) and high school (social media and cigarettes) students, suggesting that both pro- and anti-tobacco communications have become ubiquitous and may be saturating youth. Conclusion This study demonstrates the need for stricter tobacco marketing regulations and multi-level interventions beginning in early adolescence that focus on increasing media-based literacy for youth to better discern tobacco prevention messages from pro-tobacco communications.
