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Satheesha B. Nayak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Absence of retromandibular Vein associated with atypical formation of External Jugular Vein in the parotid region.
Anatomy & cell biology, 2014Co-Authors: Jyothsna Patil, Ravindra S Swamy, Naveen Kumar, Melanie Rose D'souza, Anitha Guru, Satheesha B. NayakAbstract:Veins of the head and neck exhibiting anatomical variations or malformations are clinically significant. Anatomical variation in the External Jugular Vein is very common. However, anatomical variation in the retromandibular Vein is rare. In this paper, we report a rare case of complete absence of the retromandibular Vein. In the absence of the retromandibular Vein, the maxillary Vein divided into anterior and posterior divisions. The posterior division joined the superficial temporal Vein to form an atypical External Jugular Vein, and the anterior division joined the facial Vein to form an anonymous Vein. In clinical practice, radiologists and surgeons use the retromandibular Vein as a guide to expose the branches of the facial nerve during superficial parotidectomy. Therefore, absence of the retromandibular Vein is a hurdle during this procedure and may affect the venous drainage pattern from the head and neck.
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an unusual termination of facial Vein and anterior division of retromandibular Vein into External Jugular Vein a case report
2014Co-Authors: Jyothsna Patil, S N Somayaji, L. S. Ashwini, Naveen Kumar, Satheesha B. NayakAbstract:Facial Vein, being the largest Vein of the face forms the common facial Vein after joining with the anterior division of retromandibular Vein below the angle of the mandible. Usually, it drains into the internal Jugular Vein. During routine dissection of head and neck region of a male cadaver, aged approximately 50 years, an unusual pattern in the termination of Veins on the left side of the neck was observed. The formation, course and termination of External Jugular Vein were normal. The anterior division of retromandibular Vein joined with External Jugular Vein about 5 cm above the clavicle and the facial Vein opened into the External Jugular Vein about 2.5 cm above the clavicle. In addition, there was a thin venous communication between anterior division of retromandibular Vein and External Jugular Vein. The superficial Veins of the neck are often used for cannulation; either for intravenous infusion or for central venous pressure monitoring. Furthermore, these venous segments are used as a patch for carotid endarterectomies. Hence, a thorough knowledge of the normal anatomy and their variations may be useful for performing these procedures.
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an unusually looped common facial Vein associated with low formation of External Jugular Vein
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND SURGICAL ADVANCES, 2014Co-Authors: P Abhinitha, Swamy S Ravindra, Ashwini P Aithal, Naveen Kumar, Satheesha B. Nayak, Jyothsna PatilAbstract:Aberrant venous pattern of the face and neck are quite common. During routine dissection of the left side of the neck in about 60 year old male cadaver, we observed the peculiarly looped course of the common facial Vein in the submandibular region before its termination into the internal Jugular Vein. In addition, there was abnormally low formation of External Jugular Vein by the union of posterior division of retromandibular Vein and the communicating venous channel from the anterior division of retromandibular Vein about 2.5cm below the apex of parotid gland. The knowledge of various combination of variant venous pattern in the neck is important for clinical practitioners who perform venegraft during endarterectomy. Superficial Veins of the neck are frequently chosen for cannulation during intravenous infusion or in monitoring the central venous pressure, their unusual pattern possibly hinder these approaches.
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absence of the External Jugular Vein and an abnormal drainage pattern in the Veins of the neck
OA Anatomy, 2013Co-Authors: P Abhinitha, Swamy S Ravindra, Naveen Kumar, Satheesha B. Nayak, P A AithalAbstract:Introduction: The knowledge of variations of Veins of head and neck is of clinical importance. The aim of this report was to discuss the absence of the External Jugular Vein (EJV) and an abnormal drainage pattern in the Veins of the neck. Case report: During routine dissection of the head and neck region, a unilateral variation in the formation and drainage pattern of Veins was seen on the left side of an approximately 60-year-old male cadaver. The anterior division of the retromandibular Vein joined the facial Vein to form the common facial Vein, which drained into the anterior Jugular Vein instead of the internal Jugular Vein. The posterior division of the retromandibular Vein drained directly into the internal Jugular Vein. The retromandibular Vein was unusually wide in calibre, and there was total absence of EJV. Since the EJV is frequently used for central venous cannulation as well as often examined by clinicians to assess the venous pressure in the right atrium, its absence may mislead the clinicians during these approaches. So the knowledge of variations in Veins of head and neck is important for surgeons during head and neck surgery as well as for radiologists during catheterization and for clinicians in general. Conclusion: Absence of EJV and the abnormal pattern of drainage of Veins in the neck reported here are very rare. Awareness of these venous variations is vital for the surgeons to avoid any intraoperative trial or error during surgical procedures and to prevent unnecessary bleeding.
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External Jugular Vein passing through triangle formed by tendon of cleido occipitalis cervicalis muscle trapezius muscle and clavicle a case report
International Journal of Anatomical Variations, 2012Co-Authors: Swamy S Ravindra, S N Somayaji, Satheesha B. Nayak, Mohandas Kg RaoAbstract:A rare case of variation was found in a South Indian female cadaver of about 40 year of age, during routine dissection of neck region for undergraduate students at Melaka-Manipal Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal. Trapezius muscle on right side of neck presented a rare variation called cleido-occipitalis cervicalis. The variant muscle was a separate part of trapezius and was inserted on the posterior surface of clavicle at the junction of its medial one third with the lateral two thirds. The right External Jugular Vein was bifid and reunited, then passed between the tendon of cleido-occipitalis cervicalis muscle and clavicle, finally draining into the right suprascapular Vein. This unique anatomical position of External Jugular Vein may lead to its impingement during certain actions of trapezius muscle. Trapezius muscle and External Jugular Vein of left side did not show any unusual presentation except that the left External Jugular Vein drained into left internal Jugular Vein. These variations are important as the External Jugular Vein is routinely used in catheterization for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, as well as in port implantation and transJugular intrahepatic porto-systemic shunts or selective venous sampling. Probable embryological cause of the variation has also been explained.
H R Salkar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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idiopathic bilateral External Jugular Vein thrombosis a case report
Angiology, 2001Co-Authors: Shantanu Sengupta, Yogesh Kalkonde, Rajashree Khot, Madhuri Paithankar, Ramesh Salkar, H R SalkarAbstract:The authors report a patient with the rare presentation of bilateral External Jugular Vein throm bosis. A 45-year-old man presented with swelling over both sides of the neck and puffiness of the face. Physical examination revealed cordlike thickening of both the External Jugular Veins. Two-dimensional echocardiographic and Doppler studies showed thrombosis of both the External Jugular Veins and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) revealed nonvisualization of External Jugular Veins of either side. No malignancy, coagulation disorder, or any infection was demonstrable. A regular follow-up for 1 year was done, but no other cause could be found and there was no progression of the disease.
Jyothsna Patil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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possible entrapment of External Jugular Vein in the supraclavicular triangle by the presence of accessory cleido occipitalis muscle
Saudi Journal for Health Sciences, 2015Co-Authors: Naveen Kumar, Ashwini P Aithal, Ravindra S Swamy, Jyothsna Patil, Anitha Guru, Surekha D ShettyAbstract:Accessory cleido‑occipitalis muscle is an additional muscle fascicle derived from occipital portion of trapezius muscle inserted into the clavicle. Since its location is confined to neck region, it is also known as cleido‑occipitalis cervicis. In the present case, we report a unique case of accessory cleido‑occipitalis muscle derived from trapezius muscle. It was more tendinous than muscular and its tendon was extending medially, crossing the supraclavicular triangle of the neck horizontally in close approximation of clavicle. A narrow gap between them was a passage for the External Jugular Vein with its possible entrapment. The External Jugular Vein is a clinically important superficial venous channel required for many therapeutic interventions. The possible entrapment of it could hinder these approaches and also could lead to several complications
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Absence of retromandibular Vein associated with atypical formation of External Jugular Vein in the parotid region.
Anatomy & cell biology, 2014Co-Authors: Jyothsna Patil, Ravindra S Swamy, Naveen Kumar, Melanie Rose D'souza, Anitha Guru, Satheesha B. NayakAbstract:Veins of the head and neck exhibiting anatomical variations or malformations are clinically significant. Anatomical variation in the External Jugular Vein is very common. However, anatomical variation in the retromandibular Vein is rare. In this paper, we report a rare case of complete absence of the retromandibular Vein. In the absence of the retromandibular Vein, the maxillary Vein divided into anterior and posterior divisions. The posterior division joined the superficial temporal Vein to form an atypical External Jugular Vein, and the anterior division joined the facial Vein to form an anonymous Vein. In clinical practice, radiologists and surgeons use the retromandibular Vein as a guide to expose the branches of the facial nerve during superficial parotidectomy. Therefore, absence of the retromandibular Vein is a hurdle during this procedure and may affect the venous drainage pattern from the head and neck.
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an unusual termination of facial Vein and anterior division of retromandibular Vein into External Jugular Vein a case report
2014Co-Authors: Jyothsna Patil, S N Somayaji, L. S. Ashwini, Naveen Kumar, Satheesha B. NayakAbstract:Facial Vein, being the largest Vein of the face forms the common facial Vein after joining with the anterior division of retromandibular Vein below the angle of the mandible. Usually, it drains into the internal Jugular Vein. During routine dissection of head and neck region of a male cadaver, aged approximately 50 years, an unusual pattern in the termination of Veins on the left side of the neck was observed. The formation, course and termination of External Jugular Vein were normal. The anterior division of retromandibular Vein joined with External Jugular Vein about 5 cm above the clavicle and the facial Vein opened into the External Jugular Vein about 2.5 cm above the clavicle. In addition, there was a thin venous communication between anterior division of retromandibular Vein and External Jugular Vein. The superficial Veins of the neck are often used for cannulation; either for intravenous infusion or for central venous pressure monitoring. Furthermore, these venous segments are used as a patch for carotid endarterectomies. Hence, a thorough knowledge of the normal anatomy and their variations may be useful for performing these procedures.
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an unusually looped common facial Vein associated with low formation of External Jugular Vein
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND SURGICAL ADVANCES, 2014Co-Authors: P Abhinitha, Swamy S Ravindra, Ashwini P Aithal, Naveen Kumar, Satheesha B. Nayak, Jyothsna PatilAbstract:Aberrant venous pattern of the face and neck are quite common. During routine dissection of the left side of the neck in about 60 year old male cadaver, we observed the peculiarly looped course of the common facial Vein in the submandibular region before its termination into the internal Jugular Vein. In addition, there was abnormally low formation of External Jugular Vein by the union of posterior division of retromandibular Vein and the communicating venous channel from the anterior division of retromandibular Vein about 2.5cm below the apex of parotid gland. The knowledge of various combination of variant venous pattern in the neck is important for clinical practitioners who perform venegraft during endarterectomy. Superficial Veins of the neck are frequently chosen for cannulation during intravenous infusion or in monitoring the central venous pressure, their unusual pattern possibly hinder these approaches.
H. J. Mcfarlane - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prediction of a small internal Jugular Vein by External Jugular Vein diameter.
Anaesthesia, 1997Co-Authors: B. R. Stickle, H. J. McfarlaneAbstract:The relationship between internal Jugular Vein diameter as measured with an ultrasound imaging machine (SiteRite, Dymax) and External Jugular Vein diameter was studied in 50 anaesthetised patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. There was an inverse correlation between External Jugular Vein diameter and internal Jugular Vein diameter (r = -0.47, p < 0.001). All patients with an External Jugular Vein diameter of 7 mm or greater had an internal Jugular Vein diameter of less than 15 mm. No patient with an External Jugular Vein diameter of less than 7 mm had an internal Jugular Vein diameter of less than 20 mm. No other patient dimension (height, weight, body mass index, neck circumference) predicted internal Jugular Vein size. These results suggest that a large External Jugular Vein (i.e. 7 mm or greater in External diameter) may be associated with a small internal Jugular Vein. A size 5.0-mm internal diameter tracheal tube may be used to provide a rapid assessment of External Jugular Vein diameter.
Shantanu Sengupta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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idiopathic bilateral External Jugular Vein thrombosis a case report
Angiology, 2001Co-Authors: Shantanu Sengupta, Yogesh Kalkonde, Rajashree Khot, Madhuri Paithankar, Ramesh Salkar, H R SalkarAbstract:The authors report a patient with the rare presentation of bilateral External Jugular Vein throm bosis. A 45-year-old man presented with swelling over both sides of the neck and puffiness of the face. Physical examination revealed cordlike thickening of both the External Jugular Veins. Two-dimensional echocardiographic and Doppler studies showed thrombosis of both the External Jugular Veins and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) revealed nonvisualization of External Jugular Veins of either side. No malignancy, coagulation disorder, or any infection was demonstrable. A regular follow-up for 1 year was done, but no other cause could be found and there was no progression of the disease.
