The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Andrew E Budson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
erp correlates of recognition memory effects of retention interval and False Alarms
Brain Research, 2006Co-Authors: David A Wolk, Daniel L Schacter, Melissa Lygizos, Mandu N Sen, Phillip J Holcomb, Kirk R Daffner, Andrew E BudsonAbstract:Within the framework of the dual process model of recognition memory, prior work with event-related potentials (ERPs) has suggested that an early component, the FN400, is a correlate of familiarity while a later component, the Late Positive Complex (LPC), is a correlate of recollection. However, other work has questioned the validity of these correlations, suggesting that the FN400 effect is too short-lived to reflect an explicit memory phenomenon and that the LPC may be influenced by decision-related factors. Using a Remember/Know paradigm we addressed these issues by (1) examining the effect of study-test delay on correctly recognized items associated with familiarity ('Know' responses) and recollection ('Remember' responses) and by (2) examining FN400 and LPC modulation associated with False Alarms. Supporting the relationship of the FN400 with familiarity, attenuation of this component was present for 'Know' responses relative to correct rejections after both the short (39 min) and long (24 h) delay conditions. Attenuation of the FN400 also occurred for False Alarms (responses largely driven by familiarity) relative to correct rejections. Although an increased LPC amplitude was found associated with 'Remember' responses at both delays, a decreased LPC amplitude was observed with False Alarms relative to correct rejections. This latter result is discussed with regard to the possibility of an overlapping posterior negativity.
Christopher D Wickens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
on the independence of compliance and reliance are automation False Alarms worse than misses
Human Factors, 2007Co-Authors: Stephen R Dixon, Christopher D Wickens, Jason S MccarleyAbstract:OBJECTIVE: Participants performed a tracking task and system monitoring task while aided by diagnostic automation. The goal of the study was to examine operator compliance and reliance as affected by automation failures and to clarify claims regarding independence of these two constructs. BACKGROUND: Background data revealed a trend toward nonindependence of the compliance-reliance constructs. METHOD: Thirty-two undergraduate students performed the simulation that presented the visual display while dependent measures were collected. RESULTS: False alarm-prone automation hurt overall performance more than miss-prone automation. False alarm-prone automation also clearly affected both operator compliance and reliance, whereas miss-prone automation appeared to affect only operator reliance. CONCLUSION: Compliance and reliance do not appear to be entirely independent of each other. APPLICATION: False Alarms appear to be more damaging to overall performance than misses, and designers must take the compliance-reliance constructs into consideration. Language: en
-
automation reliability in unmanned aerial vehicle control a reliance compliance model of automation dependence in high workload
Human Factors, 2006Co-Authors: Stephen R Dixon, Christopher D WickensAbstract:Objective: Two experiments were conducted in which participants navigated a simulated unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) through a series of mission legs while searching for targets and monitoring system parameters. The goal of the study was to highlight the qualitatively different effects of automation False Alarms and misses as they relate to operator compliance and reliance, respectively. Background: Background data suggest that automation False Alarms cause reduced compliance, whereas misses cause reduced reliance. Method: In two studies, 32 and 24 participants, including some licensed pilots, performed in-lab UAV simulations that presented the visual world and collected dependent measures. Results: Results indicated that with the low-reliability aids, False Alarms correlated with poorer performance in the system failure task, whereas misses correlated with poorer performance in the concurrent tasks. Conclusion: Compliance and reliance do appear to be affected by False Alarms and misses, respectively, and ...
-
unmanned aerial vehicle flight control False Alarms versus misses
Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 2004Co-Authors: Stephen R Dixon, Christopher D Wickens, Dervon ChangAbstract:Thirty-two undergraduate pilots from the University of Illinois School of Aviation performed simulated military reconnaissance missions with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Pilots were required to: a) navigate the UAV through a series of mission legs, b) search for possible targets of opportunity, and c) monitor system health. They performed the missions under three types of auditory auto-alert aids (a 100% reliable system, a 67% reliable system with automation False Alarms, and a 67% reliable system with automation misses), as well as a non-automated baseline condition. Results indicate that while reliable automation can benefit performance relative to baseline in the automated task, the unreliable automation aids reduced performance to that of baseline or worse. The automation False Alarms and misses harmed performance in qualitatively different ways, with False alarm prone automation appearing to cause more damage than miss prone automation to both the automated task and the concurrent target search ...
D G Blair - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
application of the probability event horizon filter to constrain the local rate density of binary black hole inspirals with advanced ligo
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2007Co-Authors: E J Howell, D M Coward, Ron Burman, D G BlairAbstract:The temporal evolution of the gravitational wave background signal resulting from stellar-mass binary black hole (BBH) inspirals has a unique statistical signature. We describe the application of a new filter, based on the 'probability event horizon' (PEH) concept, that utilizes both the temporal and spatial source distribution to constrain the local rate density, r 0 , of BBH inspiral events in the nearby Universe. Assuming advanced LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory) sensitivities and an upper rate of Galactic BBH inspirals of 30 Myr -1 , we simulate gravitational wave data and apply a fitting procedure to the PEH filtered data. To determine the accuracy of the PEH filter in constraining r 0 , a comparison is made with a fit to the brightness distribution of events. We apply both methods to a data stream containing a background of Gaussian-distributed False Alarms. We find that the brightness distribution yields lower standard errors, but is biased by the False Alarms. In comparison, the PEH method is less prone to errors resulting from False Alarms but has a lower resolution as fewer events contribute to the data. Used in combination, the PEH and brightness distribution methods provide an improved estimate of the rate density.
-
application of the probability event horizon filter to constrain the local rate density of binary black hole inspirals with advanced ligo
arXiv: Astrophysics, 2007Co-Authors: E J Howell, D M Coward, Ron Burman, D G BlairAbstract:The temporal evolution of the gravitational wave background signal resulting from stellar-mass binary black hole (BBH) inspirals has a unique statistical signature. We describe the application of a new filter, based on the `probability event horizon' (PEH) concept, that utilizes both the temporal and spatial source distribution to constrain the local rate density, $r_{0}$, of BBH inspiral events in the nearby Universe. Assuming Advanced LIGO sensitivities and an upper rate of Galactic BBH inspirals of $ 30\hspace{1mm}\mathrm{Myr}^{-1}$, we simulate GW data and apply a fitting procedure to the PEH filtered data. To determine the accuracy of the PEH filter in constraining $r_{0}$, a comparison is made with a fit to the brightness distribution of events. We apply both methods to a data stream containing a background of Gaussian distributed False Alarms. We find that the brightness distribution yields lower standard errors, but is biased by the False Alarms. In comparison the PEH method is less prone to errors resulting from False Alarms but has a lower resolution as fewer events contribute to the data. Used in combination, the PEH and brightness distribution methods provide an improved estimate of the rate density.
Stephen R Dixon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
on the independence of compliance and reliance are automation False Alarms worse than misses
Human Factors, 2007Co-Authors: Stephen R Dixon, Christopher D Wickens, Jason S MccarleyAbstract:OBJECTIVE: Participants performed a tracking task and system monitoring task while aided by diagnostic automation. The goal of the study was to examine operator compliance and reliance as affected by automation failures and to clarify claims regarding independence of these two constructs. BACKGROUND: Background data revealed a trend toward nonindependence of the compliance-reliance constructs. METHOD: Thirty-two undergraduate students performed the simulation that presented the visual display while dependent measures were collected. RESULTS: False alarm-prone automation hurt overall performance more than miss-prone automation. False alarm-prone automation also clearly affected both operator compliance and reliance, whereas miss-prone automation appeared to affect only operator reliance. CONCLUSION: Compliance and reliance do not appear to be entirely independent of each other. APPLICATION: False Alarms appear to be more damaging to overall performance than misses, and designers must take the compliance-reliance constructs into consideration. Language: en
-
automation reliability in unmanned aerial vehicle control a reliance compliance model of automation dependence in high workload
Human Factors, 2006Co-Authors: Stephen R Dixon, Christopher D WickensAbstract:Objective: Two experiments were conducted in which participants navigated a simulated unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) through a series of mission legs while searching for targets and monitoring system parameters. The goal of the study was to highlight the qualitatively different effects of automation False Alarms and misses as they relate to operator compliance and reliance, respectively. Background: Background data suggest that automation False Alarms cause reduced compliance, whereas misses cause reduced reliance. Method: In two studies, 32 and 24 participants, including some licensed pilots, performed in-lab UAV simulations that presented the visual world and collected dependent measures. Results: Results indicated that with the low-reliability aids, False Alarms correlated with poorer performance in the system failure task, whereas misses correlated with poorer performance in the concurrent tasks. Conclusion: Compliance and reliance do appear to be affected by False Alarms and misses, respectively, and ...
-
unmanned aerial vehicle flight control False Alarms versus misses
Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 2004Co-Authors: Stephen R Dixon, Christopher D Wickens, Dervon ChangAbstract:Thirty-two undergraduate pilots from the University of Illinois School of Aviation performed simulated military reconnaissance missions with an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Pilots were required to: a) navigate the UAV through a series of mission legs, b) search for possible targets of opportunity, and c) monitor system health. They performed the missions under three types of auditory auto-alert aids (a 100% reliable system, a 67% reliable system with automation False Alarms, and a 67% reliable system with automation misses), as well as a non-automated baseline condition. Results indicate that while reliable automation can benefit performance relative to baseline in the automated task, the unreliable automation aids reduced performance to that of baseline or worse. The automation False Alarms and misses harmed performance in qualitatively different ways, with False alarm prone automation appearing to cause more damage than miss prone automation to both the automated task and the concurrent target search ...
Marie-christine Chambrin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Alarms in the intensive care unit: how can the number of False Alarms be reduced?
Critical Care, 2001Co-Authors: Marie-christine ChambrinAbstract:Many Alarms, as they now exist in most monitoring systems, are not usually perceived as helpful by the medical staff because of the high incidence of False Alarms. This paper gives an overview of the problems related to their current design and the objectives of monitoring. The current approaches used to improve the situation are then presented from two main standpoints: organizational and behavioural on the one hand, and technical on the other.