The Experts below are selected from a list of 31107 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Songqing Jin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the potential of land rental markets in the process of economic development evidence from china
    Journal of Development Economics, 2005
    Co-Authors: Klaus Deininger, Songqing Jin
    Abstract:

    Abstract We develop a model of land leasing with agents characterized by unobserved heterogeneity in ability and presence of an off-Farm Labor market. In this case, decentralized land rental may contribute to equity and efficiency goals and may have several advantages over administrative reallocation. The extent to which this is true empirically is explored using data from three of China's poorest provinces. Land rental markets and administrative reallocation reallocate land to those with lower endowments but the former are more effective in doing so and have a bigger productivity-enhancing effect. Information on hypothetical market participation suggests that reducing transaction costs in land rental markets could help to realize significant additional productivity gains.

  • land rental markets as an alternative to government reallocation equity and efficiency considerations in the chinese land tenure system
    Research Papers in Economics, 2002
    Co-Authors: Klaus Deininger, Songqing Jin
    Abstract:

    The authors develop a model of land leasing with agents characterized by unobserved heterogeneity in ability and presence of an off-Farm Labor market. In this case, decentralized land rental may contribute to equity and efficiency goals and may have several advantages over administrative reallocation. The extent to which this is true empirically is explored using data from three of China's poorest provinces. The authors find that both processes redistribute land to those with lower endowments but that land rental markets are more effective in doing so and also have a larger productivity-enhancing effect than administrative reallocation, implying that more active land rental markets would allow producers to realize significant productivity gains. At the same time, the presence of a large number of producers whose participation in rental markets remains constrained suggests that efforts to reduce transaction costs in land rental markets would be warranted.

Ashok K Mishra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • participation in informal off Farm Labor market and its impact on household income and food security in malawi
    2014 Annual Meeting February 1-4 2014 Dallas Texas, 2014
    Co-Authors: Isaac Sitienei, Ashok K Mishra, Jeffrey M Gillespie, Aditya R Khanal
    Abstract:

    Most rural households in Malawi often opt to supplement their Farm income with additional casual work on the Farms of others (“ganyu” Labor). However, there is a growing concern that such informal off-Farm work will eventually drive rural households into absolute poverty. Using data from a 2010 Malawi household survey, this study seeks to explore this conjecture, first by examining the factors that motivate rural households to participate in informal off-Farm work (ganyu) and later evaluate its outcome. Results from the average treatment effect indicate that participating in ganyu increases an individual‟s annual total off-Farm income. On the other hand, it has a negative effect on own-Farm income.

  • do agricultural subsidies affect the Labor allocation decision comparing parametric and semiparametric methods
    Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, 2013
    Co-Authors: Mahesh Pandit, Keshav Prasad Paudel, Ashok K Mishra
    Abstract:

    This study estimates off-Farm Labor supply from Farm operators and their spouses using two different estimation procedures and data from the 2006 Agricultural Resource Management Survey. A semiparametric model was found to be better specified to study off-Farm Labor supply from operators and spouses than the parametric model. Contrary to previous findings, results found using the semiparametric model indicate that neither direct nor indirect government payments have any impact on the off-Farm Labor supply of Farm operators. These findings indicate that existing literature may overstate the impact of Farm payments on the economic well-being of Farm households.

  • welfare implications of reduced government subsidies to Farm families accounting for fringe benefits
    Agricultural Economics, 2013
    Co-Authors: Jeremy M Dantoni, Ashok K Mishra
    Abstract:

    In the past three decades, Farm families have relied on government payments and off-Farm income to reduce income risk and increase total household income. Studies have shown that, as the income effect dominates, government payments tend to reduce off-Farm Labor of Farm operators and spouses. But that may not be true if one accounts for fringe benefits associated with off-Farm employment. Additionally, with looming budget deficits and the possibility of a reduction in decoupled government payments, Farm families may be facing an altered economic environment. Our study addresses this issue by examining the links between government Farm program payments and the ever-important role of fringe benefits in the off-Farm employment of Farm couples. Results from Farm-level data actually show that the marginal effect of government payments on hours worked off-Farm will decrease in magnitude when accounting for fringe benefits, ceteris paribus. These results support the notion that Farm households’ welfare loss stemming from reduced decoupled payments may be overstated when models exclude fringe benefits from the estimation of off-Farm Labor supply.

  • welfare implications of a reduction in government payments the role of fringe benefits
    2012 Annual Meeting August 12-14 2012 Seattle Washington, 2012
    Co-Authors: Jeremy M Dantoni, Ashok K Mishra, Hyunjeong Joo
    Abstract:

    In the past three decades, Farm families have relied on government payments and off-Farm income to reduce income risk and increase total household income. Studies have shown that, as income effect dominates, government payments tend to reduce off-Farm Labor of Farm operators and spouses. But that may not be true if one accounts for fringe benefits associated with off-Farm employment. Additionally, with looming budget deficits and the possibility of a reduction in decoupled government payments, Farm families may be facing an altered economic environment. Our study addresses this issue by examining the links between government Farm program payments and the ever-important role of fringe benefits in the off Farm employment of Farm couples. Result from Farm-level data actually show that the marginal effect of government payments on hours worked off-Farm will decrease in magnitude when accounting for fringe benefits, ceteris paribus. These results support the notion that Farm households’ welfare loss stemming from reduced decoupled payments may be overstated when models exclude fringe benefits from the estimation of off-Farm Labor supply.

  • off Farm Labor participation decisions of married Farm couples and the role of government payments
    Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 2008
    Co-Authors: Hisham S Elosta, Ashok K Mishra, Mitchell J Morehart
    Abstract:

    The determinants of off-Farm work by married Farm couples are examined using data from the 2004 Agricultural Resource Management Survey and multinomial logistic regression. Expected government payment is found important in decreasing the likelihood of off-Farm work strategies involving work by the husband only or by both husband and wife relative to a strategy of no work by either husband or wife. The marginal impact of government payments on the probability of the wife working off Farm alone is found positive suggesting the possibility of nonpecuniary motives for off-Farm employment for 21% of Farm households in the selected weighted sample.

Klaus Deininger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the potential of land rental markets in the process of economic development evidence from china
    Journal of Development Economics, 2005
    Co-Authors: Klaus Deininger, Songqing Jin
    Abstract:

    Abstract We develop a model of land leasing with agents characterized by unobserved heterogeneity in ability and presence of an off-Farm Labor market. In this case, decentralized land rental may contribute to equity and efficiency goals and may have several advantages over administrative reallocation. The extent to which this is true empirically is explored using data from three of China's poorest provinces. Land rental markets and administrative reallocation reallocate land to those with lower endowments but the former are more effective in doing so and have a bigger productivity-enhancing effect. Information on hypothetical market participation suggests that reducing transaction costs in land rental markets could help to realize significant additional productivity gains.

  • land rental markets as an alternative to government reallocation equity and efficiency considerations in the chinese land tenure system
    Research Papers in Economics, 2002
    Co-Authors: Klaus Deininger, Songqing Jin
    Abstract:

    The authors develop a model of land leasing with agents characterized by unobserved heterogeneity in ability and presence of an off-Farm Labor market. In this case, decentralized land rental may contribute to equity and efficiency goals and may have several advantages over administrative reallocation. The extent to which this is true empirically is explored using data from three of China's poorest provinces. The authors find that both processes redistribute land to those with lower endowments but that land rental markets are more effective in doing so and also have a larger productivity-enhancing effect than administrative reallocation, implying that more active land rental markets would allow producers to realize significant productivity gains. At the same time, the presence of a large number of producers whose participation in rental markets remains constrained suggests that efforts to reduce transaction costs in land rental markets would be warranted.

Martin Petrick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • how does land fragmentation affect off Farm Labor supply panel data evidence from china
    Agricultural Economics, 2014
    Co-Authors: Lili Jia, Martin Petrick
    Abstract:

    Abstract This article provides a deeper theoretical understanding of the linkages between land fragmentation and off-Farm Labor supply in China, andinvestigates this relationship empirically in a more direct way than does the existing literature. Drawing upon a rural household panel data setcollected in Zhejiang, Hubei, and Yunnan Provinces from 1995 to 2002, we estimate the effects in two steps. First, we estimate the effect of landfragmentation on Labor productivity. Second, we estimate the effect of land fragmentation on off-Farm Labor supply. The production function resultsshow that land fragmentation indeed leads to lower agricultural Labor productivity, implying that land consolidation will make on-Farm work moreattractive and thus decrease off-Farm Labor supply. However, the effect of land consolidation on off-Farm Labor supply is not significant. One likelyexplanation for this result may be the potentially imperfect Labor markets. JEL classifications : J22, Q15, Q24, R23 Keywords

  • how does land fragmentation affect off Farm Labor supply panel data evidence from china
    EconStor Open Access Articles, 2014
    Co-Authors: Lili Jia, Martin Petrick
    Abstract:

    This article provides a deeper theoretical understanding of the linkages between land fragmentation and off-Farm Labor supply in China, and investigates this relationship empirically in a more direct way than does the existing literature. Drawing upon a rural household panel data set collected in Zhejiang, Hubei, and Yunnan Provinces from 1995 to 2002, we estimate the effects in two steps. First, we estimate the effect of land fragmentation on Labor productivity. Second, we estimate the effect of land fragmentation on off-Farm Labor supply. The production function results show that land fragmentation indeed leads to lower agricultural Labor productivity, implying that land consolidation will make on-Farm work more attractive and thus decrease off-Farm Labor supply. However, the effect of land consolidation on off-Farm Labor supply is not significant. One likely explanation for this result may be the potentially imperfect Labor markets.

Dwayne Benjamin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • household composition Labor markets and Labor demand testing for separation in agricultural household models
    Econometrica, 1992
    Co-Authors: Dwayne Benjamin
    Abstract:

    This paper tests the separation of Farm Labor supply and Labor demand decisions, using the observation that household composition is an important determinant of Farm Labor use with nonseparation. After assessing the conditions under which the test has power against several alternatives, an empirical model is developed to test the proposition that Farm employment is independent of family composition. The model is estimated on a data set from rural Java. The null hypothesis that Farm Labor allocation decisions are independent of household structure is not rejected. The results are robust to different specifications of the Labor demand function. Copyright 1992 by The Econometric Society.