The Experts below are selected from a list of 72114 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bernardo L. Horta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring body composition in adulthood: Results from two birth cohort studies
BMJ open, 2019Co-Authors: Elma Izze Da Silva Magalhães, Maria Cecília Formoso Assunção, Fernando C. Wehrmeister, Ana M. B. Menezes, Helen Gonçalves, Natália Peixoto Lima, Bernardo L. HortaAbstract:Objective To evaluate the association of maternal smoking during pregnancy with offspring body composition in adulthood and explore the causality of this association. Design Birth cohort. Setting Population-based study in Pelotas, Brazil. Participants All newborn infants in the city’s hospitals were enrolled in 1982 and 1993. At a mean age of 30.2 and 22.6 years, the 1982 and 1993 cohorts, respectively, followed the subjects and 7222 subjects were evaluated. Primary outcome measures Body Mass Index (BMI), Fat Mass Index, android to gynoid Fat ratio, waist circumference, waist to height ratio, lean Mass Index and height. Results Prevalence of maternal smoking during pregnancy was 35.1% and 32.6%, in 1982 and 1993 cohorts, respectively. Offspring of smoking mothers showed higher mean BMI (β: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.55 to 1.12 kg/m2), Fat Mass Index (β: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.64 kg/m2), android to gynoid Fat ratio (β: 0.016; 95% CI: 0.010 to 0.023), waist circumference (β: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.15 to 2.33 cm), waist to height ratio (β: 0.013; 95% CI: 0.010 to 0.017) and lean Mass Index (β: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.24 to 0.42 kg/m2), whereas height was lower (β: −0.95; −1.26 to −0.65). Weight gain in the first 2 years captured most of the association of maternal smoking with BMI (96.2%), waist circumference (86.1%) and Fat Mass Index (71.7%). Conclusions Maternal smoking in pregnancy was associated with offspring body composition measures in adulthood.
-
Associations of physical activity and sedentary time with body composition in Brazilian young adults.
Scientific reports, 2019Co-Authors: Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro Da Silva, Ken K. Ong, Natália Peixoto Lima, Inácio Crochemore Mohnsam Da Silva, Ulf Ekelund, Soren Brage, Emanuella De Lucia Rolfe, Shana Ginar Da Silva, Giovanny Vinícius Araújo De França, Bernardo L. HortaAbstract:The findings of studies on the association between physical activity and adiposity are not consistent, and most are cross-sectional and used only self-reported measures. The aims of this study were to evaluate: 1) independent and combined cross-sectional associations of objectively-measured physical activity and sedentary time with body composition outcomes at 30 years, and 2) prospective associations of changes in self-reported physical activity from 23 to 30 years with the same outcomes in participants from the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort. Body Mass Index, waist circumference, visceral abdominal Fat, Fat Mass Index, and android/gynoid Fat ratio were the outcomes. 3,206 participants were analysed. In cross-sectional analyses, higher objectively-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was associated with lower body Mass Index (β = 0.017, 95%CI: −0.026; −0.009), waist circumference (β = −0.043, 95%CI: −0.061; −0.025), visceral abdominal Fat (β = −0.006, 95%CI: −0.009; −0.003), and Fat Mass Index (β = −0.015, 95%CI: −0.021; −0.009), independent of sedentary time. Sedentary time was independently associated only with higher Fat Mass Index (β = 0.003, 95%CI: 0.001; 0.005). In longitudinal analyses, using self-reported measure, adiposity was lower among those who were consistently active or who became active. Adiposity was similar among the “became inactive” and “consistently inactive” subjects. Our findings suggest metabolic benefits from engagement in physical activity throughout young adulthood, with stronger associations on concurrent levels.
-
Association of breastfeeding, maternal anthropometry and body composition in women at 30 years of age.
Cadernos de saude publica, 2019Co-Authors: Natália Peixoto Lima, Janaína Vieira Dos Santos Motta, Diego G. Bassani, Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro Da Silva, Elma Izze Da Silva Magalhães, Fernando C. Barros, Bernardo L. HortaAbstract:This study aimed at assessing the association of breastfeeding with maternal body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference, Fat Mass Index, Fat free Mass Index, android/gynoid Fat ratio and bone mineral density. In 1982, the maternity hospitals in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, were daily visited and all live births were identified and examined. These subjects underwent follow-up for several times. At 30 years of age, the participants were interviewed and examined. Parous women provided information on parity and duration of breastfeeding. Multiple linear regression was used in the multivariate analysis, controlling for genomic ancestry, family income, schooling and smoking at 2004-2005. After controlling for confounding factors, breastfeeding was inversely associated with BMI and Fat Mass Index, whereas breastfeeding per live birth was negatively associated with BMI, waist circumference and Fat Mass Index. Women who had had a child in the last 5 years and had breastfed, showed lower BMI (β = -2.12, 95%CI: -4.2; -0.1), waist circumference (β = -4.46, 95%CI: -8.3; -0.6) and Fat Mass Index (β = -1.79, 95%CI: -3.3; -0.3), whereas no association was observed among those whose last childbirth was > 5 years, but the p-value for the tests of interaction were > 0.05. Our findings suggest that breastfeeding is associated with lower BMI and other adiposity measures, mostly in the first years after delivery. Besides that, it has no negative impact on bone mineral density.
-
Caesarean section and adiposity at 6, 18 and 30 years of age: results from three Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohorts.
BMC public health, 2017Co-Authors: Aluísio J. D. Barros, Maria Cecília Formoso Assunção, Alicia Matijasevich, Iná S. Santos, Leonardo Pozza Santos, Fernando C. Wehrmeister, Janaína Vieira Dos Santos Motta, Ana M. B. Menezes, Helen Gonçalves, Bernardo L. HortaAbstract:Association between caesarian section (C-section) and obesity is controversial and mostly based on body Mass Index (BMI), which has inherent limitations. Using direct estimates of body Fat Mass, we aimed to assess the association between C-section and adiposity using Fat Mass Index and BMI z-score in three birth cohort studies from Pelotas, Brazil. We measured weight, height and Fat Mass (using dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)) at ages 6, 18 and 30 years among participants in the 2004, 1993 and 1982 population-based Pelotas Birth Cohort Studies, respectively. We used multiple linear regression analysis to examine the crude and adjusted association between C-section and the body composition indicators. We also modelled height as an outcome to explore the presence of residual confounding. We observed that Fat Mass Index and BMI z-score were strongly and positively associated with C-section in the crude analysis. However, when we adjusted for socioeconomic characteristics, maternal BMI, parity, age and smoking during pregnancy, effect estimates were attenuated towards the null, except for 30-year-old women. In those women from the 1982 cohort, C-section remained associated with Fat Mass Index (β = 0.82; CI95% 0.32;1.32) and BMI z-score (β = 0.15; CI95% 0.03;0.28), even after adjusting for all potential confounders, suggesting an increase in Fat Mass Index and BMI at 30 years among those born by C-section. We found no consistent association of C-section with Fat Mass Index measured by DXA and BMI z-score in individuals aged 6, 18 and 30 years, except for women in the latter group, which might be explained by residual confounding. Confounding by socioeconomic and maternal characteristics accounted for all the other associations.
-
Impact of the age at menarche on body composition in adulthood: results from two birth cohort studies.
BMC public health, 2016Co-Authors: Susana Bubach, Maria Cecília Formoso Assunção, Fernando C. Wehrmeister, Ana M. B. Menezes, Helen Gonçalves, Fernando C. Barros, Bernardo L. HortaAbstract:Evidence suggests that early menarche is positively associated with adiposity in adulthood. However, it is important to assess whether this association is due to early menarche or to the association of adiposity in late childhood with age at menarche. We evaluated the association between age at menarche and body composition in adolescence and adulthood, among subjects who have been prospectively followed in two Brazilian birth cohort studies. In 1982 and 1993, the hospitals births in Pelotas were identified, and these subjects have been followed for several times. Information on age at menarche was obtained from the women (1982 cohort) and their mothers (1993 cohort). At 30 and 18 years, the following body composition measures were evaluated: body Mass Index, waist circumference, Fat-free Mass Index and Fat Mass Index measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and thickness of the abdominal visceral Fat layer measured by ultrasound. The analyses were adjusted for: birth weight, maternal pregestational weight, gestational age, family income, household score Index, maternal schooling, weight-for-height z-score at 4 years (1982), and body Mass Index at 11 years (1993). At 30 and 18 years, 2045 and 2092 women were evaluated, respectively. The prevalence of early menarche (≤11 years of age) was 24.7 % in the 1982 and 27.6 % in the 1993 cohort. In the 1982 cohort, early menarche was positively associated with all body composition variables compared to those with late menarche (≥14 years of age) even after adjusting for confounders (Fat Mass Index: 2.33 kg/m2, 95 % Confidence interval: 1.64; 3.02). However, in the 1993 cohort, after adjusting for body Mass Index at 11 years, the regression coefficient for the association with Fat Mass Index decreased from 2.2 kg/m2 (95 % Confidence interval: 1.7; 2.6) to 0.26 (95 % Confidence interval: −0.08; 0.60). The association between age at menarche and body composition in adulthood is strongly explained by pre-pubertal adiposity.
Claude Pichard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
An Increase in Fat Mass Index Predicts a Deterioration of Running Speed
Nutrients, 2019Co-Authors: Laurence Genton, Claude Pichard, Christophe Graf, Véronique L. Karsegard, Julie Mareschal, Najate Achamrah, Marta Delsoglio, François HerrmannAbstract:A low Fat Mass is associated with a good running performance. This study explores whether modifications in body composition predicted changes in running speed. We included people who underwent several measurements of body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis between 1999 and 2016, at the “Course de l’Escalade”, taking place yearly in Geneva. Body composition was reported as a Fat-free Mass Index (FFMI) and Fat Mass Index (FMI). Running distances (men: 7.2 km; women: 4.8 km) and running times were used to calculate speed in km/h. We performed multivariate linear mixed regression models to determine whether modifications of body Mass Index, FFMI, FMI or the combination of FFMI and FMI predicted changes in running speed. The study population included 377 women (1419 observations) and 509 men (2161 observations). Changes in running speed were best predicted by the combination of FFMI and FMI. Running speed improved with a reduction of FMI in both sexes (women: s −0.31; 95% CI −0.35 to −0.27, p < 0.001. men: s −0.43; 95% CI −0.48 to −0.39, p < 0.001) and a reduction of FFMI in men (s −0.20; 95% CI −0.26 to −0.15, p < 0.001). Adjusted for body composition, the decline in running performance occurred from 50 years onward, but appeared earlier with a body Mass, FFMI or FMI above the median value at baseline. Changes of running speed are determined mostly by changes in FMI. The decline in running performance occurs from 50 years onward but appears earlier in people with a high body Mass Index, FFMI or FMI at baseline.
-
Low Fat-free Mass as a marker of mortality in community-dwelling healthy elderly subjects
Age and Ageing, 2012Co-Authors: Laurence Genton, Ursula G. Kyle, Christophe Graf, Véronique L. Karsegard, Claude PichardAbstract:Background: low Fat-free Mass has been related to high mortality in patients. This study evaluated the relationship between body composition of healthy elderly subjects and mortality. Methods: in 1999, 203 older subjects underwent measurements of body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis, Charlson co-morbidity Index and estimation of energy expenditure through physical activity by a validated questionnaire. These measurements were repeated in 2002, 2005 and 2008 in all consenting subjects. Mortality data between 1999 and 2010 were retrieved from the local death registers. The relationship between mortality and the last Indexes of Fat and Fatfree Masses was analysed by multiple Cox regression models. Results: women’s and men’s data at last follow-up were: age 81.1 ± 5.9 and 80.9 ± 5.8 years, body Mass Index 25.3 ± 4.6 and 26.1 ± 3.4 kg/m 2 , Fat-free Mass Index 16.4 ± 1.8 and 19.3 ± 1.9 kg/m 2 and Fat Mass Index 9.0 ± 3.2 and 6.8 ± 2.0 kg/ m 2 . Fifty-eight subjects died between 1999 and 2010. The Fat-free Mass Index (hazard ratio 0.77; 95% confidence interval 0.63–0.95) but not the Fat Mass Index, predicted mortality in addition to sex and Charlson Index. The multiple Cox regression model explained 31% of the variance of mortality. Conclusion: a low Fat-free Mass Index is an independent risk factor of mortality in elderly subjects, healthy at the time of body composition measurement.
-
Prevalence of low Fat-free Mass Index and high and very high body Fat Mass Index following lung transplantation.
Acta Diabetologica, 2003Co-Authors: Ursula G. Kyle, L Nicod, C Raguso, D Hans, Claude PichardAbstract:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of low Fat-free Mass Index (FFMI) and high and very high body Fat Mass Index (BFMI) after lung transplantation (LTR). A total of 37 LTR patients were assessed prior toand at 1 month, 1 year and 2 years for FFM and compared to 37 matched volunteers (VOL). FFM was calculated by the Geneva equation and normalized for height (kg/m 2 ). Subjects were classified as FFMI "low", ≤17.4 in men and ≤15.0 in women; BFMI "high", 5.2-8.1 in men and 8.3-11.7 in women; or "very high" >8.2 kg/m 2 in men and >11.8 kg/m 2 in women. In 23 M/14 F, body Mass Index (BMI) was 22.3′4.4 and 20.1′4.9 kg/m 2 , respectively. The prevalence of low FFMI was 80% at 1 month and 33% at 2 years after LTR. Prevalence of very high BFMI increased and was higher in patients than VOL after LTR. The prevalence of low FFMI was high prior to and remained important 2 years after LTR, whereas BFMI was lower prior to and higher 2 years after LTR.
-
body composition interpretation contributions of the Fat free Mass Index and the body Fat Mass Index
Nutrition, 2003Co-Authors: Ursula G. Kyle, Y Schutz, Yves M Dupertuis, Claude PichardAbstract:Abstract Objective Low and high body Mass Index (BMI) values have been shown to increase health risks and mortality and result in variations in Fat-free Mass (FFM) and body Fat Mass (BF). Currently, there are no published ranges for a Fat-free Mass Index (FFMI; kg/m 2 ), a body Fat Mass Index (BFMI; kg/m 2 ), and percentage of body Fat (%BF). The purpose of this population study was to determine predicted FFMI and BFMI values in subjects with low, normal, overweight, and obese BMI. Methods FFM and BF were determined in 2986 healthy white men and 2649 white women, age 15 to 98 y, by a previously validated 50-kHz bioelectrical impedance analysis equation. FFMI, BFMI, and %BF were calculated. Results FFMI values were 16.7 to 19.8 kg/m 2 for men and 14.6 to 16.8 kg/m 2 for women within the normal BMI ranges. BFMI values were 1.8 to 5.2 kg/m 2 for men and 3.9 to 8.2 kg/m 2 for women within the normal BMI ranges. BFMI values were 8.3 and 11.8 kg/m 2 in men and women, respectively, for obese BMI (>30 kg/m 2 ). Normal ranges for %BF were 13.4 to 21.7 and 24.6 to 33.2 for men and women, respectively. Conclusion BMI alone cannot provide information about the respective contribution of FFM or Fat Mass to body weight. This study presents FFMI and BFMI values that correspond to low, normal, overweight, and obese BMIs. FFMI and BFMI provide information about body compartments, regardless of height.
-
Body composition interpretation. Contributions of the Fat-free Mass Index and the body Fat Mass Index.
Nutrition (Burbank Los Angeles County Calif.), 2003Co-Authors: Ursula G. Kyle, Yves M Dupertuis, Yves Schutz, Claude PichardAbstract:Low and high body Mass Index (BMI) values have been shown to increase health risks and mortality and result in variations in Fat-free Mass (FFM) and body Fat Mass (BF). Currently, there are no published ranges for a Fat-free Mass Index (FFMI; kg/m(2)), a body Fat Mass Index (BFMI; kg/m(2)), and percentage of body Fat (%BF). The purpose of this population study was to determine predicted FFMI and BFMI values in subjects with low, normal, overweight, and obese BMI. FFM and BF were determined in 2986 healthy white men and 2649 white women, age 15 to 98 y, by a previously validated 50-kHz bioelectrical impedance analysis equation. FFMI, BFMI, and %BF were calculated. FFMI values were 16.7 to 19.8 kg/m(2) for men and 14.6 to 16.8 kg/m(2) for women within the normal BMI ranges. BFMI values were 1.8 to 5.2 kg/m(2) for men and 3.9 to 8.2 kg/m(2) for women within the normal BMI ranges. BFMI values were 8.3 and 11.8 kg/m(2) in men and women, respectively, for obese BMI (>30 kg/m(2)). Normal ranges for %BF were 13.4 to 21.7 and 24.6 to 33.2 for men and women, respectively. BMI alone cannot provide information about the respective contribution of FFM or Fat Mass to body weight. This study presents FFMI and BFMI values that correspond to low, normal, overweight, and obese BMIs. FFMI and BFMI provide information about body compartments, regardless of height.
Ulf Ekelund - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Associations of physical activity and sedentary time with body composition in Brazilian young adults.
Scientific reports, 2019Co-Authors: Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro Da Silva, Ken K. Ong, Natália Peixoto Lima, Inácio Crochemore Mohnsam Da Silva, Ulf Ekelund, Soren Brage, Emanuella De Lucia Rolfe, Shana Ginar Da Silva, Giovanny Vinícius Araújo De França, Bernardo L. HortaAbstract:The findings of studies on the association between physical activity and adiposity are not consistent, and most are cross-sectional and used only self-reported measures. The aims of this study were to evaluate: 1) independent and combined cross-sectional associations of objectively-measured physical activity and sedentary time with body composition outcomes at 30 years, and 2) prospective associations of changes in self-reported physical activity from 23 to 30 years with the same outcomes in participants from the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort. Body Mass Index, waist circumference, visceral abdominal Fat, Fat Mass Index, and android/gynoid Fat ratio were the outcomes. 3,206 participants were analysed. In cross-sectional analyses, higher objectively-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was associated with lower body Mass Index (β = 0.017, 95%CI: −0.026; −0.009), waist circumference (β = −0.043, 95%CI: −0.061; −0.025), visceral abdominal Fat (β = −0.006, 95%CI: −0.009; −0.003), and Fat Mass Index (β = −0.015, 95%CI: −0.021; −0.009), independent of sedentary time. Sedentary time was independently associated only with higher Fat Mass Index (β = 0.003, 95%CI: 0.001; 0.005). In longitudinal analyses, using self-reported measure, adiposity was lower among those who were consistently active or who became active. Adiposity was similar among the “became inactive” and “consistently inactive” subjects. Our findings suggest metabolic benefits from engagement in physical activity throughout young adulthood, with stronger associations on concurrent levels.
-
Perception Versus Reality Awareness of Physical Activity Levels of
2010Co-Authors: Kirsten Corder, Ulf Ekelund, Alison M. Mcminn, Aedin Cassidy, Simon J. GriffinAbstract:Background: Interventions to increase children's physical activity have had limited success. One reason may be that children and their parents overestimate children's levels of physical activity, although there is a small amount of data on this topic. Purpose: This study aims to assess awareness of physical activity levels among British school children aged 9 -10 years and their parents. Methods: Physical activity was measured using an accelerometer in a cross-sectional study of 1892 children (44% male; M age10.3 years, SD0.3) from 92 Norfolk schools (Sport, Physical Activity and Eating Behavior: Environmental Determinants in Young People (SPEEDY) study). Data were collected between April and July 2007 and analyzed in 2008. Inactive was defined as60 minutes/day of moderate and vigorous physical activity. Agreement between physical activity perception (child- and parent-rated) and objective physical activity was assessed. Associations between biological (height, weight, Fat Mass Index); parental (support, BMI, physical activity); and peer factors (support, objective physical activity) and child and parental physical activity awareness were studied using multinomial logistic regression. Results: In all, 39% of girls and 18% of boys were inactive. A total of 80% of parents of inactive children wrongly thought that their child was sufficiently active. In all, 40% of inactive children overestimated their physical activity level. Compared to parents who accurately described their children as inactive, parents who overestimated were more likely to have girls (p0.005), to have a child with a lower Fat Mass Index (p0.001), or to report more parental and peer support (p0.014 and p0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Most parents of inactive children wrongly consider their children to be sufficiently active; parents of children with a lower Fat Mass Index appear to assume that their children are adequately active. Increasing awareness regarding health benefits of physical activity beyond weight control might help reverse misperceptions of physical activity levels and encourage behavior change.
-
Targeting sedentary time or moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity: independent relations with adiposity in a population-based sample of 10-y-old British children
The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2009Co-Authors: Rebekah M. Steele, Simon J. Griffin, Aedin Cassidy, Esther M. F. Van Sluijs, Ulf EkelundAbstract:Background: It is unclear whether subcomponents of physical activity (PA) are associated with adiposity independent of time spent while sedentary. Objective: The objective was to examine associations between objectively measured PA and its subcomponents [ie, time spent at light-intensity PA, moderate-intensity PA (MPA), vigorous-intensity PA (VPA), and moderate-plus-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA)], independent of sedentary time, and self-reported leisure screen time (television and electronic game use) with Indexes of adiposity in a population-based sample of British children. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1862 UK children aged 9-10 y. PA and sedentary activity were measured by accelerometry, and indicators of adiposity were waist circumference, body Mass Index (BMI), and Fat Mass Index calculated from bioimpedance measurements. Screen time was assessed by self-report. We examined the associations between PA subcomponents and adiposity by multilevel linear models adjusted for birth weight, maternal BMI, energy intake, and sleep duration. Results: Objectively measured sedentary time was positively associated with waist circumference (P = 0.04) and Fat Mass Index (P = 0.05), independent of age and sex. However, this association was attenuated after adjustment for MVPA and other covariates. VPA (all P < 0.0001), combined MVPA (all P < 0.01), and total activity (counts/min) (all P < 0.001) were all inversely associated with each of the adiposity Indexes, independent of sedentary time and other important covariates. Associations were weaker for MPA: P = 0.05, 0.87, and 0.1 for waist circumference, BMI, and Fat Mass Index, respectively. Conclusions: Time spent in VPA appears to be more strongly associated with adiposity than sedentary time. Interventions may therefore need to incorporate higher intensity-based activities to curb the growing obesity epidemic. 90:1185-92.
Darwin R Labarthe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
trajectories of Fat Mass Index Fat free Mass Index and waist circumference in children project heartbeat
American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2009Co-Authors: Mona A Eissa, Shifan Dai, Nicole L Mihalopoulos, Sue R Day, Ronald B Harrist, Darwin R LabartheAbstract:Background Body composition and Fat distribution change dramatically during adolescence. Data based on longitudinal studies to describe these changes are limited. The aim of this study was to describe age-related changes in Fat free–Mass Index (FFMI) and Fat Mass Index (FMI), which are components of BMI, and waist circumference (WC) in participants of Project HeartBeat!, a longitudinal study of children. Methods Anthropometric measurements and body composition data were obtained in a mixed longitudinal study of 678 children (49.1% female, 20.1% black), initially aged 8, 11, and 14 years, every 4 months for 4 years (1991–1995). Trajectories of change from ages 8 to 18 years were measured for FFMI, FMI, and WC. Because of the small number of observations for black participants, trajectories for this group were limited to ages 8.5–15 years. Results Body Mass Index, FFMI, and WC increased steadily with age for all race–gender cohorts. However, in nonblack girls, FFMI remained constant after about age 16 years. For black boys and girls, FFMI was similar at age 8.5 years but increased more steeply for black boys by age 15 years. In girls, FMI showed an upward trend until shortly after age 14 years, when it remained constant. In boys, FMI increased between age 8 years and age 10 years, and then decreased. Conclusions The extent to which each component of BMI contributes to the changes in BMI depends on the gender, race, and age of the individual. Healthcare providers need to be aware that children who show upward deviation of BMI or BMI percentiles may have increases in their lean body Mass rather than in adiposity.
-
Trajectories of Fat Mass Index, Fat free-Mass Index, and waist circumference in children: Project HeartBeat!
American journal of preventive medicine, 2009Co-Authors: Mona A Eissa, Shifan Dai, Nicole L Mihalopoulos, Ronald B Harrist, R Sue Day, Darwin R LabartheAbstract:Body composition and Fat distribution change dramatically during adolescence. Data based on longitudinal studies to describe these changes are limited. The aim of this study was to describe age-related changes in Fat free-Mass Index (FFMI) and Fat Mass Index (FMI), which are components of BMI, and waist circumference (WC) in participants of Project HeartBeat!, a longitudinal study of children. Anthropometric measurements and body composition data were obtained in a mixed longitudinal study of 678 children (49.1% female, 20.1% black), initially aged 8, 11, and 14 years, every 4 months for 4 years (1991-1995). Trajectories of change from ages 8 to 18 years were measured for FFMI, FMI, and WC. Because of the small number of observations for black participants, trajectories for this group were limited to ages 8.5-15 years. Body Mass Index, FFMI, and WC increased steadily with age for all race-gender cohorts. However, in nonblack girls, FFMI remained constant after about age 16 years. For black boys and girls, FFMI was similar at age 8.5 years but increased more steeply for black boys by age 15 years. In girls, FMI showed an upward trend until shortly after age 14 years, when it remained constant. In boys, FMI increased between age 8 years and age 10 years, and then decreased. The extent to which each component of BMI contributes to the changes in BMI depends on the gender, race, and age of the individual. Healthcare providers need to be aware that children who show upward deviation of BMI or BMI percentiles may have increases in their lean body Mass rather than in adiposity.
Ursula G. Kyle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Low Fat-free Mass as a marker of mortality in community-dwelling healthy elderly subjects
Age and Ageing, 2012Co-Authors: Laurence Genton, Ursula G. Kyle, Christophe Graf, Véronique L. Karsegard, Claude PichardAbstract:Background: low Fat-free Mass has been related to high mortality in patients. This study evaluated the relationship between body composition of healthy elderly subjects and mortality. Methods: in 1999, 203 older subjects underwent measurements of body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis, Charlson co-morbidity Index and estimation of energy expenditure through physical activity by a validated questionnaire. These measurements were repeated in 2002, 2005 and 2008 in all consenting subjects. Mortality data between 1999 and 2010 were retrieved from the local death registers. The relationship between mortality and the last Indexes of Fat and Fatfree Masses was analysed by multiple Cox regression models. Results: women’s and men’s data at last follow-up were: age 81.1 ± 5.9 and 80.9 ± 5.8 years, body Mass Index 25.3 ± 4.6 and 26.1 ± 3.4 kg/m 2 , Fat-free Mass Index 16.4 ± 1.8 and 19.3 ± 1.9 kg/m 2 and Fat Mass Index 9.0 ± 3.2 and 6.8 ± 2.0 kg/ m 2 . Fifty-eight subjects died between 1999 and 2010. The Fat-free Mass Index (hazard ratio 0.77; 95% confidence interval 0.63–0.95) but not the Fat Mass Index, predicted mortality in addition to sex and Charlson Index. The multiple Cox regression model explained 31% of the variance of mortality. Conclusion: a low Fat-free Mass Index is an independent risk factor of mortality in elderly subjects, healthy at the time of body composition measurement.
-
sedentarism affects body Fat Mass Index and Fat free Mass Index in adults aged 18 to 98 years
Nutrition, 2004Co-Authors: Ursula G. Kyle, Y Schutz, Alfredo Morabia, C PichardAbstract:Abstract Objective Body Mass Index does not discriminate body Fat from Fat-free Mass or determine changes in these parameters with physical activity and aging. Body Fat Mass Index (BFMI) and Fat-free Mass Index (FFMI) permit comparisons of subjects with different heights. This study evaluated differences in body Mass Index, BFMI, and FFMI in physically active and sedentary subjects younger and older than 60 y and determined the association between physical activity, age, and body composition parameters in a healthy white population between ages 18 and 98 y. Methods Body Fat and Fat-free Mass were determined in healthy white men ( n = 3549) and women ( n = 3184), between ages 18 and 98 y, by bioelectrical impedance analysis. BFMI and FFMI (kg/m 2 ) were calculated. Physical activity was defined as at least 3 h/wk of endurance-type activity for at least 2 mo. Results Physically active as opposed to sedentary subjects were more likely to have a low BFMI (men: odds ratio [OR], 1.4; confidence interval [CI], 0.7–2.5; women: OR 1.9, CI 1.6–2.2) and less likely to have very high BFMI (men: OR, 0.2; CI, 0.1–0.2; women: OR, 0.1; CI, 0.02–0.2), low FFMI (men: OR, 0.5; CI, 0.3–0.9; women: OR, 0.7; CI, 0.6–0.9), or very high FFMI (men: OR, 0.6; CI, 0.4–0.8; women: OR, 0.7; CI, 0.5–1.0). Compared with subjects younger than 60 y, those older than 60 y were more like to have very high BFMI (men: OR, 6.5; CI, 4.5–9.3; women: OR, 14.0; CI, 9.6–20.5), and women 60 y and older were less likely to have a low BFMI (OR, 0.4; CI, 0.2–0.5). Conclusions A clear association was found between low physical activity or age and height-normalized body composition parameters (BFMI and FFMI) derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis. Physically active subjects were more likely to have high or very high or low FFMI. Older subjects had higher body weights and BFMI.
-
Prevalence of low Fat-free Mass Index and high and very high body Fat Mass Index following lung transplantation.
Acta Diabetologica, 2003Co-Authors: Ursula G. Kyle, L Nicod, C Raguso, D Hans, Claude PichardAbstract:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of low Fat-free Mass Index (FFMI) and high and very high body Fat Mass Index (BFMI) after lung transplantation (LTR). A total of 37 LTR patients were assessed prior toand at 1 month, 1 year and 2 years for FFM and compared to 37 matched volunteers (VOL). FFM was calculated by the Geneva equation and normalized for height (kg/m 2 ). Subjects were classified as FFMI "low", ≤17.4 in men and ≤15.0 in women; BFMI "high", 5.2-8.1 in men and 8.3-11.7 in women; or "very high" >8.2 kg/m 2 in men and >11.8 kg/m 2 in women. In 23 M/14 F, body Mass Index (BMI) was 22.3′4.4 and 20.1′4.9 kg/m 2 , respectively. The prevalence of low FFMI was 80% at 1 month and 33% at 2 years after LTR. Prevalence of very high BFMI increased and was higher in patients than VOL after LTR. The prevalence of low FFMI was high prior to and remained important 2 years after LTR, whereas BFMI was lower prior to and higher 2 years after LTR.
-
body composition interpretation contributions of the Fat free Mass Index and the body Fat Mass Index
Nutrition, 2003Co-Authors: Ursula G. Kyle, Y Schutz, Yves M Dupertuis, Claude PichardAbstract:Abstract Objective Low and high body Mass Index (BMI) values have been shown to increase health risks and mortality and result in variations in Fat-free Mass (FFM) and body Fat Mass (BF). Currently, there are no published ranges for a Fat-free Mass Index (FFMI; kg/m 2 ), a body Fat Mass Index (BFMI; kg/m 2 ), and percentage of body Fat (%BF). The purpose of this population study was to determine predicted FFMI and BFMI values in subjects with low, normal, overweight, and obese BMI. Methods FFM and BF were determined in 2986 healthy white men and 2649 white women, age 15 to 98 y, by a previously validated 50-kHz bioelectrical impedance analysis equation. FFMI, BFMI, and %BF were calculated. Results FFMI values were 16.7 to 19.8 kg/m 2 for men and 14.6 to 16.8 kg/m 2 for women within the normal BMI ranges. BFMI values were 1.8 to 5.2 kg/m 2 for men and 3.9 to 8.2 kg/m 2 for women within the normal BMI ranges. BFMI values were 8.3 and 11.8 kg/m 2 in men and women, respectively, for obese BMI (>30 kg/m 2 ). Normal ranges for %BF were 13.4 to 21.7 and 24.6 to 33.2 for men and women, respectively. Conclusion BMI alone cannot provide information about the respective contribution of FFM or Fat Mass to body weight. This study presents FFMI and BFMI values that correspond to low, normal, overweight, and obese BMIs. FFMI and BFMI provide information about body compartments, regardless of height.
-
Body composition interpretation. Contributions of the Fat-free Mass Index and the body Fat Mass Index.
Nutrition (Burbank Los Angeles County Calif.), 2003Co-Authors: Ursula G. Kyle, Yves M Dupertuis, Yves Schutz, Claude PichardAbstract:Low and high body Mass Index (BMI) values have been shown to increase health risks and mortality and result in variations in Fat-free Mass (FFM) and body Fat Mass (BF). Currently, there are no published ranges for a Fat-free Mass Index (FFMI; kg/m(2)), a body Fat Mass Index (BFMI; kg/m(2)), and percentage of body Fat (%BF). The purpose of this population study was to determine predicted FFMI and BFMI values in subjects with low, normal, overweight, and obese BMI. FFM and BF were determined in 2986 healthy white men and 2649 white women, age 15 to 98 y, by a previously validated 50-kHz bioelectrical impedance analysis equation. FFMI, BFMI, and %BF were calculated. FFMI values were 16.7 to 19.8 kg/m(2) for men and 14.6 to 16.8 kg/m(2) for women within the normal BMI ranges. BFMI values were 1.8 to 5.2 kg/m(2) for men and 3.9 to 8.2 kg/m(2) for women within the normal BMI ranges. BFMI values were 8.3 and 11.8 kg/m(2) in men and women, respectively, for obese BMI (>30 kg/m(2)). Normal ranges for %BF were 13.4 to 21.7 and 24.6 to 33.2 for men and women, respectively. BMI alone cannot provide information about the respective contribution of FFM or Fat Mass to body weight. This study presents FFMI and BFMI values that correspond to low, normal, overweight, and obese BMIs. FFMI and BFMI provide information about body compartments, regardless of height.