The Experts below are selected from a list of 15075 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ariane Pailhé - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The convergence of second-generation immigrants' Fertility Patterns in France: The role of sociocultural distance between parents' and host country
Demographic Research, 2017Co-Authors: Ariane PailhéAbstract:BACKGROUND The Fertility of immigrants’ descendants is an important topic for demographers, since it affects the structure of the future population. However, little attention has been devoted to the Fertility behaviour of the second generation in Europe. OBJECTIVE This study analyses the degree to which Fertility of the descendants of immigrants is similar to that of French natives. It evaluates the extent to which the observed differences arise from the sociocultural distance between parents’ country and host country and from structural determinants. METHODS We analyse the transition to first, second, and third births among different groups of immigrants’ daughters (from the Maghreb, sub-Saharan Africa, Turkey, and Southeast Asia), and compare them to native-born women using discrete-time logistic regressions. The data is drawn from the Trajectories and Origins Survey (2008), which oversamples immigrants and their descendants. RESULTS We show a convergence towards French standards that differs across groups of origin. Women of Southeast Asian descent deviate from the Fertility Pattern of their parents, while those of Turkish descent preserve their parents’ cultural heritage. These different paths of adaptation between groups partly reflect cultural distance between parents’country and host country. They also depend on family social capital, family structure, and family values. Access to a higher level of education is a crucial factor in erasing differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS The Fertility behaviour of most groups of descendants of immigrants is converging towards that of French natives. Cultural factors have much less influence on childbearing Patterns than on union formation.
-
The convergence of second-generation immigrants' Fertility Patterns in France: The role of sociocultural distance between parents' and host country
Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, 2017Co-Authors: Ariane PailhéAbstract:Background: The Fertility of immigrants' descendants is an important topic for demographers, since it affects the structure of the future population. However, little attention has been devoted to the Fertility behaviour of the second generation in Europe. Objective: This study analyses the degree to which Fertility of the descendants of immigrants is similar to that of French natives. It evaluates the extent to which the observed differences arise from the sociocultural distance between parents' country and host country and from structural determinants. Methods: We analyse the transition to first, second, and third births among different groups of immigrants' daughters (from the Maghreb, sub-Saharan Africa, Turkey, and Southeast Asia), and compare them to native-born women using discrete-time logistic regressions. The data is drawn from the Trajectories and Origins Survey (2008), which oversamples immigrants and their descendants. Results: We show a convergence towards French standards that differs across groups of origin. Women of Southeast Asian descent deviate from the Fertility Pattern of their parents, while those of Turkish descent preserve their parents' cultural heritage. These different paths of adaptation between groups partly reflect cultural distance between parents' country and host country. They also depend on family social capital, family structure, and family values. Access to a higher level of education is a crucial factor in erasing differences between groups. Conclusions: The Fertility behaviour of most groups of descendants of immigrants is converging towards that of French natives. Cultural factors have much less influence on childbearing Patterns than on union formation. Contribution: This paper extends the literature on the Patterns and determinants of descendants of immigrants' Fertility in France. It shows that they significantly differ by birth order
Ralf Henkel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Radiations and male Fertility
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 2018Co-Authors: Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Ashok Agarwal, Ralf HenkelAbstract:During recent years, an increasing percentage of male inFertility has to be attributed to an array of environmental, health and lifestyle factors. Male inFertility is likely to be affected by the intense exposure to heat and extreme exposure to pesticides, radiations, radioactivity and other hazardous substances. We are surrounded by several types of ionizing and non-ionizing radiations and both have recognized causative effects on spermatogenesis. Since it is impossible to cover all types of radiation sources and their biological effects under a single title, this review is focusing on radiation deriving from cell phones, laptops, Wi-Fi and microwave ovens, as these are the most common sources of non-ionizing radiations, which may contribute to the cause of inFertility by exploring the effect of exposure to radiofrequency radiations on the male Fertility Pattern. From currently available studies it is clear that radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) have deleterious effects on sperm parameters (like sperm count, morphology, motility), affects the role of kinases in cellular metabolism and the endocrine system, and produces genotoxicity, genomic instability and oxidative stress. This is followed with protective measures for these radiations and future recommendations. The study concludes that the RF-EMF may induce oxidative stress with an increased level of reactive oxygen species, which may lead to inFertility. This has been concluded based on available evidences from in vitro and in vivo studies suggesting that RF-EMF exposure negatively affects sperm quality.
Olusegun T Afolabi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
influence of family size household food security status and child care practices on the nutritional status of under five children in ile ife nigeria
African Journal of Reproductive Health, 2010Co-Authors: K O Ajao, E O Ojofeitimi, Anthony Abayomi Adebayo, Adesegun O Fatusi, Olusegun T AfolabiAbstract:Fertility Pattern and reproductive behaviours affect infant death in Nigeria. Household food insecurity and poor care practices also place children at risk of morbidity and mortality. The objectives of this study were to assess the influence of family size, household food security status, and child care practices on the nutritional status of under-five children in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 423 mothers of under-five children and their children in the households selected through multistage sampling methods. Food-insecure households were five times more likely than secure households to have wasted children (crude OR=5.707, 95 percent CI=1.31-24.85). Children with less educated mothers were significantly more likely to be stunted. The prevalence of food insecurity among households in Ile-Ife was high. Households with food insecurity and less educated mothers were more likely to have malnourished children (Afr J Reprod Health 2010; 14[4]: 123-132).
Kavindra Kumar Kesari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Radiations and male Fertility
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 2018Co-Authors: Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Ashok Agarwal, Ralf HenkelAbstract:During recent years, an increasing percentage of male inFertility has to be attributed to an array of environmental, health and lifestyle factors. Male inFertility is likely to be affected by the intense exposure to heat and extreme exposure to pesticides, radiations, radioactivity and other hazardous substances. We are surrounded by several types of ionizing and non-ionizing radiations and both have recognized causative effects on spermatogenesis. Since it is impossible to cover all types of radiation sources and their biological effects under a single title, this review is focusing on radiation deriving from cell phones, laptops, Wi-Fi and microwave ovens, as these are the most common sources of non-ionizing radiations, which may contribute to the cause of inFertility by exploring the effect of exposure to radiofrequency radiations on the male Fertility Pattern. From currently available studies it is clear that radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) have deleterious effects on sperm parameters (like sperm count, morphology, motility), affects the role of kinases in cellular metabolism and the endocrine system, and produces genotoxicity, genomic instability and oxidative stress. This is followed with protective measures for these radiations and future recommendations. The study concludes that the RF-EMF may induce oxidative stress with an increased level of reactive oxygen species, which may lead to inFertility. This has been concluded based on available evidences from in vitro and in vivo studies suggesting that RF-EMF exposure negatively affects sperm quality.
K O Ajao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
influence of family size household food security status and child care practices on the nutritional status of under five children in ile ife nigeria
African Journal of Reproductive Health, 2010Co-Authors: K O Ajao, E O Ojofeitimi, Anthony Abayomi Adebayo, Adesegun O Fatusi, Olusegun T AfolabiAbstract:Fertility Pattern and reproductive behaviours affect infant death in Nigeria. Household food insecurity and poor care practices also place children at risk of morbidity and mortality. The objectives of this study were to assess the influence of family size, household food security status, and child care practices on the nutritional status of under-five children in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from 423 mothers of under-five children and their children in the households selected through multistage sampling methods. Food-insecure households were five times more likely than secure households to have wasted children (crude OR=5.707, 95 percent CI=1.31-24.85). Children with less educated mothers were significantly more likely to be stunted. The prevalence of food insecurity among households in Ile-Ife was high. Households with food insecurity and less educated mothers were more likely to have malnourished children (Afr J Reprod Health 2010; 14[4]: 123-132).