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Nicholas M Fisk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fetal Stem Cell microchimerism natural born healers or killers
    Molecular Human Reproduction, 2010
    Co-Authors: George Bougharios, Elke Seppanen, Kiarash Khosrotehrani, Nicholas M Fisk
    Abstract:

    After four decades of study, the biological role of Fetal microchimerism (FMC) remains elusive. Transfer of Fetal Cells to the mother begins soon after implantation, and increases with gestational age. FMC Cells then decline after delivery, but remain detectable for years post-partum. These Cells have been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis remission during pregnancy and the prevention of breast cancer by graft-versus-tumor-effects. However, any beneficial effects contrast with their suspected malevolence in triggering of syStemic sclerosis after childrearing or their stromal support for tumor formation. Recent evidence that FMC Cells participate in disease and tissue repair has stirred controversy on their origin. The detection of FMC Cells during early embryogenesis together with the diversity of hematopoietic, mesenchymal and endothelial markers, and plasticity of morphology when integrated into various tissues, provides evidence for their Stemness. However, proof of their phenotype in conventional Stem Cell differentiation assays has been beset with difficulty in isolating and expanding them in culture. Unraveling the function of FMC Cells will provide insight into both their engagement in disease and their therapeutic potential. © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved.

  • Fetal Stem Cell microchimerism natural born healers or killers
    Molecular Human Reproduction, 2010
    Co-Authors: Eddy S M Lee, George Bougharios, Elke Seppanen, Kiarash Khosrotehrani, Nicholas M Fisk
    Abstract:

    After four decades of study, the biological role of Fetal microchimerism (FMC) remains elusive. Transfer of Fetal Cells to the mother begins soon after implantation, and increases with gestational age. FMC Cells then decline after delivery, but remain detectable for years post-partum. These Cells have been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis remission during pregnancy and the prevention of breast cancer by graft-versus-tumor-effects. However, any beneficial effects contrast with their suspected malevolence in triggering of syStemic sclerosis after childrearing or their stromal support for tumor formation. Recent evidence that FMC Cells participate in disease and tissue repair has stirred controversy on their origin. The detection of FMC Cells during early embryogenesis together with the diversity of hematopoietic, mesenchymal and endothelial markers, and plasticity of morphology when integrated into various tissues, provides evidence for their Stemness. However, proof of their phenotype in conventional Stem Cell differentiation assays has been beset with difficulty in isolating and expanding them in culture. Unraveling the function of FMC Cells will provide insight into both their engagement in disease and their therapeutic potential.

George Bougharios - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fetal Stem Cell microchimerism natural born healers or killers
    Molecular Human Reproduction, 2010
    Co-Authors: George Bougharios, Elke Seppanen, Kiarash Khosrotehrani, Nicholas M Fisk
    Abstract:

    After four decades of study, the biological role of Fetal microchimerism (FMC) remains elusive. Transfer of Fetal Cells to the mother begins soon after implantation, and increases with gestational age. FMC Cells then decline after delivery, but remain detectable for years post-partum. These Cells have been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis remission during pregnancy and the prevention of breast cancer by graft-versus-tumor-effects. However, any beneficial effects contrast with their suspected malevolence in triggering of syStemic sclerosis after childrearing or their stromal support for tumor formation. Recent evidence that FMC Cells participate in disease and tissue repair has stirred controversy on their origin. The detection of FMC Cells during early embryogenesis together with the diversity of hematopoietic, mesenchymal and endothelial markers, and plasticity of morphology when integrated into various tissues, provides evidence for their Stemness. However, proof of their phenotype in conventional Stem Cell differentiation assays has been beset with difficulty in isolating and expanding them in culture. Unraveling the function of FMC Cells will provide insight into both their engagement in disease and their therapeutic potential. © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved.

  • Fetal Stem Cell microchimerism natural born healers or killers
    Molecular Human Reproduction, 2010
    Co-Authors: Eddy S M Lee, George Bougharios, Elke Seppanen, Kiarash Khosrotehrani, Nicholas M Fisk
    Abstract:

    After four decades of study, the biological role of Fetal microchimerism (FMC) remains elusive. Transfer of Fetal Cells to the mother begins soon after implantation, and increases with gestational age. FMC Cells then decline after delivery, but remain detectable for years post-partum. These Cells have been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis remission during pregnancy and the prevention of breast cancer by graft-versus-tumor-effects. However, any beneficial effects contrast with their suspected malevolence in triggering of syStemic sclerosis after childrearing or their stromal support for tumor formation. Recent evidence that FMC Cells participate in disease and tissue repair has stirred controversy on their origin. The detection of FMC Cells during early embryogenesis together with the diversity of hematopoietic, mesenchymal and endothelial markers, and plasticity of morphology when integrated into various tissues, provides evidence for their Stemness. However, proof of their phenotype in conventional Stem Cell differentiation assays has been beset with difficulty in isolating and expanding them in culture. Unraveling the function of FMC Cells will provide insight into both their engagement in disease and their therapeutic potential.

Magnus Westgren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fetal Stem Cell transplantation and gene therapy
    Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2019
    Co-Authors: Rachel Sagar, Cecilia Gotherstrom, Anna L David, Magnus Westgren
    Abstract:

    Abstract The present chapter summarizes our current knowledge on Fetal Stem Cell and gene therapy. It focuses on these therapeutic alternatives in regard to past experiences and ongoing and planned studies in humans. Several methodological challenges are discussed that may have wide implications on how these methods could be introduced in clinical practices. Although still promising, the methods are afflicted with very special requirements not least in regard to safety and ethical questions. Furthermore, careful monitoring and extended follow-up of the child and his/hers mother who receive prenatal Stem Cell or gene treatments are of outmost importance. Taken these prerequisites into consideration, it is natural that this type of experimental Fetal therapies requires collaboration between different disciplinaries and institutions within medicine.

  • lack of evidence of permanent engraftment after in utero Fetal Stem Cell transplantation in congenital hemoglobinopathies
    Transplantation, 1996
    Co-Authors: Magnus Westgren, Olle Ringden, S H Eiknes, Maria Anvret, Annmarie Brubakk, Thehung Bui, Aurelio Giambona, Torvid Kiserud, Anders Kjaeldgaard, Aurelio Maggio
    Abstract:

    The use of Fetal hematopoietic Stem Cells for in utero transplantation to create permanent hematochimerism represents a new concept in Fetal therapy. In one fetus with alpha-thalassemia, one with sickle Cell anemia, and one with beta-thalassemia, we have transplanted Fetal liver Cells obtained from legal abortions in gestational weeks 6-11. The fetus with alpha-thalassemia was transplanted twice during pregnancy, in the 15th (20.4 x 10(8) Cells/kg) and in the 31st weeks of gestation (1.2 x 10(8) Cells/kg), and is now two years of age. One fetus with sickle Cell anemia received its transplant in the 13th week of gestation (16.7 x 10(8) Cells/kg), and is now one year old. The fetus with beta-thalassemia was transplanted in 18th week (8.6 x 10(8) Cells/kg), and is now three months old. Engraftment was evaluated by chromosomal analysis (sex chromosomes), red Cell phenotyping, HLA class I and II typing, and PCR (polymerase chain reaction) for Y chromosome-specific sequences and DNA polymorphisms in cord and peripheral blood. The children with alpha- and beta-thalassemia underwent bone marrow aspirations at 3 and 7 months of age, respectively. In neither of these cases were we able to detect convincing evidence of Stem Cell engraftment. Thus, the administration of Fetal Stem Cells to Fetal recipients after the 12th week of gestation did not result in permanent hematochimerism. It remains to be determined whether the engraftment process can be promoted by earlier transplantations and/or higher Cell doses.

  • establishment of a tissue bank for Fetal Stem Cell transplantation
    Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 1994
    Co-Authors: Magnus Westgren, Sverker Ek, Lars Hagenfeldt, Lola Markling, Helmut Pschera, Ake Seiger, Erik Sundstrom, Olle Ringden
    Abstract:

    Study Objective. To analyse the yield of Fetal liver tissue in first trimester abortions and to evaluate the number of nucleated Cells obtained from each Fetal liver during the sixth to twelfth week of gestation.Design. Prospective descriptive studyLocation University Hospital.Material Women seeking abortion during a 12 month period 1992/1993.Results. Out of 1271 women seeking abortion, 152 were asked whether they were willing to donate Fetal tissue for Fetal transplantation. Of these women, 105 (69%) accepted the proposal and undcrwent a modified low suction vacuum curettage. Fetal liver tissue was obtained in 61 (58%) of these procedures. The frequency at which tissue was retrieved was strongly related to gestational age and rose from 29% in week 6 to 79% in the tenth to twelfth week of gestation. The mean number of nucleated Cells obtained from each Fetal liver demonstrated a conconiitant increase with gestational age, rising from 16 to 43 × 106 per liver during these weeks of gestation. Of the 61 case...

William H Peranteau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • gene and Stem Cell therapies for Fetal care a review
    JAMA Pediatrics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Amy E Oconnell, Stephanie H Guseh, Larissa Lapteva, Christy L Cummings, Louise Wilkinshaug, Jerry Chan, William H Peranteau
    Abstract:

    Importance Gene and Stem Cell therapies have become viable therapeutic options for many postnatal disorders. For select conditions, prenatal application would provide improved outcomes. The Fetal state allows for several theoretical advantages over postnatal therapy, including immune immaturity and Cellular niche accessibility. Observations Advances in prenatal diagnostic accuracy and surgical precision, as well as improvements in Stem Cell and gene therapy methods, have made prenatal gene and Stem Cell therapy realistic. Studies in mouse models and early human trials demonstrate the feasibility of these approaches. Additional efforts are under way to streamline Fetal applications of Stem Cell and gene therapy while carefully considering best ethical practice and following established regulatory pathways. Conclusions and Relevance Fetal Stem Cell and gene therapy bring important therapeutic opportunities for select disorders that present in the Fetal and neonatal periods. While this field is in its infancy, these therapies are starting to be available clinically, and clinicians should be aware of their benefits and challenges.

  • Fetal Stem Cell and gene therapy
    Seminars in Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 2017
    Co-Authors: Russell G Witt, Tippi C Mackenzie, William H Peranteau
    Abstract:

    Advances in our understanding of Stem Cells, gene editing, prenatal imaging and Fetal interventions have opened up new opportunities for the treatment of congenital diseases either through in-utero Stem Cell transplantation or in-utero gene therapy. Improvements in ultrasound-guided access to the Fetal vasculature have also enhanced the safety and efficacy of Cell delivery. The Fetal environment offers accessible Stem Cell niches, localized Cell populations with large proliferative potential, and an immune syStem that is able to acquire donor-specific tolerance. In-utero therapy seeks to take advantage of these factors and has the potential to cure diseases prior to the onset of symptoms, a strategy that offers substantial social and economic benefits. In this article, we examine previous studies in animal models as well as clinical attempts at in-utero therapy. We also discuss the barriers to successful in-utero therapy and future strategies for overcoming these obstacles.

Kiarash Khosrotehrani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fetal Stem Cell microchimerism natural born healers or killers
    Molecular Human Reproduction, 2010
    Co-Authors: George Bougharios, Elke Seppanen, Kiarash Khosrotehrani, Nicholas M Fisk
    Abstract:

    After four decades of study, the biological role of Fetal microchimerism (FMC) remains elusive. Transfer of Fetal Cells to the mother begins soon after implantation, and increases with gestational age. FMC Cells then decline after delivery, but remain detectable for years post-partum. These Cells have been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis remission during pregnancy and the prevention of breast cancer by graft-versus-tumor-effects. However, any beneficial effects contrast with their suspected malevolence in triggering of syStemic sclerosis after childrearing or their stromal support for tumor formation. Recent evidence that FMC Cells participate in disease and tissue repair has stirred controversy on their origin. The detection of FMC Cells during early embryogenesis together with the diversity of hematopoietic, mesenchymal and endothelial markers, and plasticity of morphology when integrated into various tissues, provides evidence for their Stemness. However, proof of their phenotype in conventional Stem Cell differentiation assays has been beset with difficulty in isolating and expanding them in culture. Unraveling the function of FMC Cells will provide insight into both their engagement in disease and their therapeutic potential. © The Author 2010. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. All rights reserved.

  • Fetal Stem Cell microchimerism natural born healers or killers
    Molecular Human Reproduction, 2010
    Co-Authors: Eddy S M Lee, George Bougharios, Elke Seppanen, Kiarash Khosrotehrani, Nicholas M Fisk
    Abstract:

    After four decades of study, the biological role of Fetal microchimerism (FMC) remains elusive. Transfer of Fetal Cells to the mother begins soon after implantation, and increases with gestational age. FMC Cells then decline after delivery, but remain detectable for years post-partum. These Cells have been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis remission during pregnancy and the prevention of breast cancer by graft-versus-tumor-effects. However, any beneficial effects contrast with their suspected malevolence in triggering of syStemic sclerosis after childrearing or their stromal support for tumor formation. Recent evidence that FMC Cells participate in disease and tissue repair has stirred controversy on their origin. The detection of FMC Cells during early embryogenesis together with the diversity of hematopoietic, mesenchymal and endothelial markers, and plasticity of morphology when integrated into various tissues, provides evidence for their Stemness. However, proof of their phenotype in conventional Stem Cell differentiation assays has been beset with difficulty in isolating and expanding them in culture. Unraveling the function of FMC Cells will provide insight into both their engagement in disease and their therapeutic potential.