The Experts below are selected from a list of 54 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Deborah M Sloboda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • regulation of corticosteroids in the Fetus Control of birth and influence on adult disease
    Seminars in Neonatology, 1999
    Co-Authors: John R G Challis, Deborah M Sloboda
    Abstract:

    Maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis of the Fetus during late gestation is a consistent observation across species, and increased fetal glucocorticoids contribute to the stimulus to fetal organ maturation and the onset of parturition. However, precocious elevations in fetal glucocorticoids, whether endogenous or exogenous, have adverse consequences on fetal growth and on programming the HPA axis, as well as on pancreatic and cardiovascular function in later life. These findings emphasize the need for cautious use of synthetic glucocorticoids in pregnant women, and suggest that their administration should be confined to appropriate groups of high-risk pregnancies.

John R G Challis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • regulation of corticosteroids in the Fetus Control of birth and influence on adult disease
    Seminars in Neonatology, 1999
    Co-Authors: John R G Challis, Deborah M Sloboda
    Abstract:

    Maturation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis of the Fetus during late gestation is a consistent observation across species, and increased fetal glucocorticoids contribute to the stimulus to fetal organ maturation and the onset of parturition. However, precocious elevations in fetal glucocorticoids, whether endogenous or exogenous, have adverse consequences on fetal growth and on programming the HPA axis, as well as on pancreatic and cardiovascular function in later life. These findings emphasize the need for cautious use of synthetic glucocorticoids in pregnant women, and suggest that their administration should be confined to appropriate groups of high-risk pregnancies.

Mohamed B. Abou-donia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Inhibition and recovery of maternal and fetal cholinesterase enzymes following a single oral dose of chlorpyrifos in rats
    Archives of Toxicology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Khaled M. Ashry, Aqel W. Abu-qare, Fathy R. Saleem, Yousef A. Hussein, Salah M. Hamza, Amal M. Kishk, Mohamed B. Abou-donia
    Abstract:

    Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (14–18 days of gestation) were treated with a single dose of 50 mg/kg (61% of oral LD_50 in female rats) of chlorpyrifos ( 0,0 -diethyl- 0 -3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate) by oral gavage. Animals treated on day 18 of gestation were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, 12 h after dosing. Animals treated on days 17, 16, 15, and 14 of gestation were sacrificed at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after dosing, respectively. Maternal and fetal brain acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities were significantly inhibited 1 h after treatment. Activity of fetal brain AChE and plasma BuChE recovered faster than that of the maternal enzymes. Peak inhibition of maternal spinal cord AChE and BuChE activities occurred 2 h and 1 h after dosing, respectively. Maternal spinal cord BuChE activity was totally recovered by 96 h compared to the partial recovery of spinal cord AChE activity. Maternal liver BuChE activity was significantly decreased within 1 h of dosing. The individual molecular forms (10S and 4S) of maternal and fetal brain AChE and BuChE activities were significantly decreased 1 h after treatment. Recovery of both forms of fetal brain AChE activity was much faster than the maternal forms. Activity of the 10S form of maternal Control brain AChE was significantly higher than in the Fetus Control. The rapid recovery of cholinesterase enzymes in the Fetus is attributed to the de novo synthesis of AChE enzymes in the Fetus compared to the mother.

Khaled M. Ashry - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Inhibition and recovery of maternal and fetal cholinesterase enzymes following a single oral dose of chlorpyrifos in rats
    Archives of Toxicology, 2002
    Co-Authors: Khaled M. Ashry, Aqel W. Abu-qare, Fathy R. Saleem, Yousef A. Hussein, Salah M. Hamza, Amal M. Kishk, Mohamed B. Abou-donia
    Abstract:

    Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (14–18 days of gestation) were treated with a single dose of 50 mg/kg (61% of oral LD_50 in female rats) of chlorpyrifos ( 0,0 -diethyl- 0 -3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate) by oral gavage. Animals treated on day 18 of gestation were sacrificed at 1, 2, 4, 12 h after dosing. Animals treated on days 17, 16, 15, and 14 of gestation were sacrificed at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after dosing, respectively. Maternal and fetal brain acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities were significantly inhibited 1 h after treatment. Activity of fetal brain AChE and plasma BuChE recovered faster than that of the maternal enzymes. Peak inhibition of maternal spinal cord AChE and BuChE activities occurred 2 h and 1 h after dosing, respectively. Maternal spinal cord BuChE activity was totally recovered by 96 h compared to the partial recovery of spinal cord AChE activity. Maternal liver BuChE activity was significantly decreased within 1 h of dosing. The individual molecular forms (10S and 4S) of maternal and fetal brain AChE and BuChE activities were significantly decreased 1 h after treatment. Recovery of both forms of fetal brain AChE activity was much faster than the maternal forms. Activity of the 10S form of maternal Control brain AChE was significantly higher than in the Fetus Control. The rapid recovery of cholinesterase enzymes in the Fetus is attributed to the de novo synthesis of AChE enzymes in the Fetus compared to the mother.

A. Paul - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Cellular expression of CFTR in cystic fibrosis: defective cyclic AMP-dependent regulation of glycoconjugate secretion in cystic fibrosis fetal tracheal epithelial cells transfected by SV40 large T oncogene
    Bulletin De L Academie Nationale De Medecine, 1993
    Co-Authors: Jacques Picard, M. Lemnaouar, A. Paul
    Abstract:

    : Epithelial tracheal cells isolated from two Fetuses with cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF Fetus (Control) were transfected with a plasmid vector recombined with the large T oncogene of SV40. All transfected cells expressed SV40 antigen and exhibited an epithelial morphology (junctional complex, cytokeratins). CFT cells retained the mutations of the CF gene, one heterozygous for the S549N/N1303K substitutions (CFT-1 cells), the other homozygous for the deletion delta F508 (CFT-2 cells). Accordingly, these CFT cells exhibited the defective beta-adrenergic regulation of chloride conductance. We compared the responsiveness of Control (NT-1 cells) and CF cells (CFT-1 and CFT-2 cells) to agonists of the protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent pathway for stimulation of glycoconjugate secretion. We show that the isoproterenol (10(-5) M) and forskolin (10(-5) M) markedly increased the cAMP content and the PKA activity of all three cell lines. In contrast, these effectors produced an increase in glycoconjugate secretion in Control cells, but not in CFT-1 and CFT-2 cells. In conclusion, our results indicate that CFT cells do not respond to agonists of the PKA-dependent pathway for stimulation of both glycoconjugate secretion and chloride transport, which suggests the involvement of CFTR in these two processes.