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Streikus Dionizas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Evaluation of Fibrous Plant pellet moisture content dependence on produced biofuel quality characteristics
    'Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies', 2020
    Co-Authors: Streikus Dionizas, Jasinskas Algirdas, Žukaitė Viktorija, Souček Jiří
    Abstract:

    Investigations of non-traditional herbaceous Plants were carried out and physical-mechanical parameters of granules, such as density and resistance to compression, were determined. Investigations were carried out in the fields and laboratories of the Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy (VMU AA) in 2017-2019. In the Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Safety technological-technical means of processing these Plants, biofuel pellet production and usage for energy purposes were investigated. In the Lithuanian Energy Institute (LEI), parameters of granule thermal properties, such as the calorific value, elemental composition and ash content, were evaluated. Studies of pellets of unconventional herbaceous Plants (Fibrous hemp, Fibrous nettle) have shown that as the moisture content of pellets increases, their density decreases. Density of the produced 10 ± 2 % moisture biofuel pellets showed that the highest density of pellets were obtained by pressing fiber hemp “Bialobrzeskie” granules – 1263.3 ± 45.1 kg·m-3, and the lowest density was of Fibrous nettle granules – 1221.6 ± 32.7 kg·m-3. Density of the pellets is high enough to meet the requirements for granulated biofuels. The research results of the investigated pellet strength (compressive strength) showed that at 10.0 ± 0.1 % moisture content of granules, the maximum critical compressive strength under pressure of Fibrous hemp “Bialobrzeskie” granules was 850 N force, and the least resistant fiber hemp “Epsilon 68” granules reached 550 N force. After evaluation of the thermal properties of the Fibrous Plant pellets, it was found that the prepared biofuel is sufficiently calorific, since its calorific value is close to that of straw and previously our investigated woody Plants: the studied Fibrous hemp reached 17.3-17.5 MJ·kg-1 and Fibrous nettle was very similar – 17.2 MJ·kg-1 . These parameters meet the[...]Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio inžinerijos fakulteta

  • Research in Fibrous Plant preparation for pressed solid biofuel and determination of pellet indicators
    'Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies', 2020
    Co-Authors: Streikus Dionizas, Jasinskas Algirdas, Kučinskas Vytautas, Mašek Jiří
    Abstract:

    In the development of economical and convenient renewable energy fuel in the last years, pelleting of biomass has become the most used technology for biomass processing. Fibrous Plants were chosen for biofuel production – Fibrous hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) and Fibrous nettle (Urtica dioica L.) - for their high productivity and soil undemanding. Three sorts of Fibrous hemp were chosen: Felina 32, USO 31, Finola and one sort of Fibrous nettle. Laboratory trials with Plant preparation and usage for energy purposes were carried out in the Aleksandras Stulginskis University and Lithuanian Energy Institute. Biometric features of Plant stems were determined, and, later, the Plants were chopped, milled and granulated into pellets of 6 mm diameter. For chaff milling a hummer mill Retsch SM 200 was used, and the mill fractional composition was determined. Mill was granulated by a small capacity granulator with a horizontal matrix. The pellet quality indicators – moisture content, density, and strength and heat value were determined. The fibre Plant pellet moisture content ranged from 7.3 % to 10.0 % and pellet density reached 899.3 – 1221.6 kg·m-3 DM (dry matter). The strength of pellets was determined using the test equipment INSTRON 5960. Fibrous hemp USO 31 had the biggest strength (pressing force of pellet degradation) – 1223.21 N, Felina 32 – 1053.39 N, Finola – 854.19 N and Fibrous nettle pellets – 1345.94 N. The heat value of the Fibrous Plant pellets varied from 17.1 MJ·kg-1 to 17.6 MJ·kg-1Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

  • Evaluation of Fibrous Plant pellet moisture content dependence on produced biofuel quality characteristics
    'Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies', 2020
    Co-Authors: Streikus Dionizas, Jasinskas Algirdas, Žukaitė Viktorija, Souček Jiří
    Abstract:

    Investigations of non-traditional herbaceous Plants were carried out and physical-mechanical parameters of granules, such as density and resistance to compression, were determined. Investigations were carried out in the fields and laboratories of the Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy (VMU AA) in 2017-2019. In the Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Safety technological-technical means of processing these Plants, biofuel pellet production and usage for energy purposes were investigated. In the Lithuanian Energy Institute (LEI), parameters of granule thermal properties, such as the calorific value, elemental composition and ash content, were evaluated. Studies of pellets of unconventional herbaceous Plants (Fibrous hemp, Fibrous nettle) have shown that as the moisture content of pellets increases, their density decreases. Density of the produced 10 ± 2 % moisture biofuel pellets showed that the highest density of pellets were obtained by pressing fiber hemp “Bialobrzeskie” granules – 1263.3 ± 45.1 kg·m-3, and the lowest density was of Fibrous nettle granules – 1221.6 ± 32.7 kg·m-3. Density of the pellets is high enough to meet the requirements for granulated biofuels. The research results of the investigated pellet strength (compressive strength) showed that at 10.0 ± 0.1 % moisture content of granules, the maximum critical compressive strength under pressure of Fibrous hemp “Bialobrzeskie” granules was 850 N force, and the least resistant fiber hemp “Epsilon 68” granules reached 550 N force. After evaluation of the thermal properties of the Fibrous Plant pellets, it was found that the prepared biofuel is sufficiently calorific, since its calorific value is close to that of straw and previously our investigated woody Plants: the studied Fibrous hemp reached 17.3-17.5 MJ·kg-1 and Fibrous nettle was very similar – 17.2 MJ·kg-1 . These parameters meet the[...]Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

  • Fibrous hemp (Felina 32, USO 31, Finola) and Fibrous nettle processing and usage of pressed biofuel for energy purposes
    'Elsevier BV', 2020
    Co-Authors: Jasinskas Algirdas, Streikus Dionizas, Vonžodas Tomas
    Abstract:

    There were investigated three varieties of Fibrous hemp e Felina 32, USO 31 and Finola and one sort of Fibrous nettle. Before granulation, Plants were chopped and milled, and were determined chaff and mill fractional composition. Produced pellet humidity ranged from 9.98% to 8.87%, and pellet density reached 1171.7 kg m 3 DM of USO 31 variety. The ash contents of the Fibrous hemp and Fibrous nettle pellet reached 3.58% and 6.6%, and the net calorific values were 17.37 MJ kg 1 and 16.93 MJ kg 1 DM, respectively. The composition of determined Fibrous Plant chemical elements ranged within these limits: carbon e 45e48%; hydrogen e 1.0e1.5%, nitrogen e 5e6% and oxygen e 41e43%. Determined ash melting temperatures ranged from IT e 733e673 C to FT e 863e859 C. Pellets disintegration force varied from 992 N for Felina 32 till 1338 N for Fibrous nettle. Harmful emissions were also estimated, it ranged e CO2 e 3.1e5.0%, CO e 411.7e1410.8 ppm, NOx e 88.0e117.3 ppm and unburnt hydrocarbons CxHy e 26.0e127.9 ppm have been determined when burning of granules. Determined emissions were within the permissible limits. Coefficient of energy efficiency of granulated biofuel, when biomass moisture content was decreased by 20%, was 2.83Lietuvos energetikos institutasVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio inžinerijos fakulteta

  • Fibrous hemp (Felina 32, USO 31, Finola) and Fibrous nettle processing and usage of pressed biofuel for energy purposes
    2020
    Co-Authors: Jasinskas Algirdas, Streikus Dionizas, Vonžodas Tomas
    Abstract:

    There were investigated three varieties of Fibrous hemp e Felina 32, USO 31 and Finola and one sort of Fibrous nettle. Before granulation, Plants were chopped and milled, and were determined chaff and mill fractional composition. Produced pellet humidity ranged from 9.98% to 8.87%, and pellet density reached 1171.7 kg m 3 DM of USO 31 variety. The ash contents of the Fibrous hemp and Fibrous nettle pellet reached 3.58% and 6.6%, and the net calorific values were 17.37 MJ kg 1 and 16.93 MJ kg 1 DM, respectively. The composition of determined Fibrous Plant chemical elements ranged within these limits: carbon e 45e48%; hydrogen e 1.0e1.5%, nitrogen e 5e6% and oxygen e 41e43%. Determined ash melting temperatures ranged from IT e 733e673 C to FT e 863e859 C. Pellets disintegration force varied from 992 N for Felina 32 till 1338 N for Fibrous nettle. Harmful emissions were also estimated, it ranged e CO2 e 3.1e5.0%, CO e 411.7e1410.8 ppm, NOx e 88.0e117.3 ppm and unburnt hydrocarbons CxHy e 26.0e127.9 ppm have been determined when burning of granules. Determined emissions were within the permissible limits. Coefficient of energy efficiency of granulated biofuel, when biomass moisture content was decreased by 20%, was 2.83Lietuvos energetikos institutasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

Jasinskas Algirdas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Evaluation of Fibrous Plant pellet moisture content dependence on produced biofuel quality characteristics
    'Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies', 2020
    Co-Authors: Streikus Dionizas, Jasinskas Algirdas, Žukaitė Viktorija, Souček Jiří
    Abstract:

    Investigations of non-traditional herbaceous Plants were carried out and physical-mechanical parameters of granules, such as density and resistance to compression, were determined. Investigations were carried out in the fields and laboratories of the Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy (VMU AA) in 2017-2019. In the Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Safety technological-technical means of processing these Plants, biofuel pellet production and usage for energy purposes were investigated. In the Lithuanian Energy Institute (LEI), parameters of granule thermal properties, such as the calorific value, elemental composition and ash content, were evaluated. Studies of pellets of unconventional herbaceous Plants (Fibrous hemp, Fibrous nettle) have shown that as the moisture content of pellets increases, their density decreases. Density of the produced 10 ± 2 % moisture biofuel pellets showed that the highest density of pellets were obtained by pressing fiber hemp “Bialobrzeskie” granules – 1263.3 ± 45.1 kg·m-3, and the lowest density was of Fibrous nettle granules – 1221.6 ± 32.7 kg·m-3. Density of the pellets is high enough to meet the requirements for granulated biofuels. The research results of the investigated pellet strength (compressive strength) showed that at 10.0 ± 0.1 % moisture content of granules, the maximum critical compressive strength under pressure of Fibrous hemp “Bialobrzeskie” granules was 850 N force, and the least resistant fiber hemp “Epsilon 68” granules reached 550 N force. After evaluation of the thermal properties of the Fibrous Plant pellets, it was found that the prepared biofuel is sufficiently calorific, since its calorific value is close to that of straw and previously our investigated woody Plants: the studied Fibrous hemp reached 17.3-17.5 MJ·kg-1 and Fibrous nettle was very similar – 17.2 MJ·kg-1 . These parameters meet the[...]Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio inžinerijos fakulteta

  • Research in Fibrous Plant preparation for pressed solid biofuel and determination of pellet indicators
    'Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies', 2020
    Co-Authors: Streikus Dionizas, Jasinskas Algirdas, Kučinskas Vytautas, Mašek Jiří
    Abstract:

    In the development of economical and convenient renewable energy fuel in the last years, pelleting of biomass has become the most used technology for biomass processing. Fibrous Plants were chosen for biofuel production – Fibrous hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) and Fibrous nettle (Urtica dioica L.) - for their high productivity and soil undemanding. Three sorts of Fibrous hemp were chosen: Felina 32, USO 31, Finola and one sort of Fibrous nettle. Laboratory trials with Plant preparation and usage for energy purposes were carried out in the Aleksandras Stulginskis University and Lithuanian Energy Institute. Biometric features of Plant stems were determined, and, later, the Plants were chopped, milled and granulated into pellets of 6 mm diameter. For chaff milling a hummer mill Retsch SM 200 was used, and the mill fractional composition was determined. Mill was granulated by a small capacity granulator with a horizontal matrix. The pellet quality indicators – moisture content, density, and strength and heat value were determined. The fibre Plant pellet moisture content ranged from 7.3 % to 10.0 % and pellet density reached 899.3 – 1221.6 kg·m-3 DM (dry matter). The strength of pellets was determined using the test equipment INSTRON 5960. Fibrous hemp USO 31 had the biggest strength (pressing force of pellet degradation) – 1223.21 N, Felina 32 – 1053.39 N, Finola – 854.19 N and Fibrous nettle pellets – 1345.94 N. The heat value of the Fibrous Plant pellets varied from 17.1 MJ·kg-1 to 17.6 MJ·kg-1Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

  • Evaluation of Fibrous Plant pellet moisture content dependence on produced biofuel quality characteristics
    'Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies', 2020
    Co-Authors: Streikus Dionizas, Jasinskas Algirdas, Žukaitė Viktorija, Souček Jiří
    Abstract:

    Investigations of non-traditional herbaceous Plants were carried out and physical-mechanical parameters of granules, such as density and resistance to compression, were determined. Investigations were carried out in the fields and laboratories of the Vytautas Magnus University Agriculture Academy (VMU AA) in 2017-2019. In the Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Safety technological-technical means of processing these Plants, biofuel pellet production and usage for energy purposes were investigated. In the Lithuanian Energy Institute (LEI), parameters of granule thermal properties, such as the calorific value, elemental composition and ash content, were evaluated. Studies of pellets of unconventional herbaceous Plants (Fibrous hemp, Fibrous nettle) have shown that as the moisture content of pellets increases, their density decreases. Density of the produced 10 ± 2 % moisture biofuel pellets showed that the highest density of pellets were obtained by pressing fiber hemp “Bialobrzeskie” granules – 1263.3 ± 45.1 kg·m-3, and the lowest density was of Fibrous nettle granules – 1221.6 ± 32.7 kg·m-3. Density of the pellets is high enough to meet the requirements for granulated biofuels. The research results of the investigated pellet strength (compressive strength) showed that at 10.0 ± 0.1 % moisture content of granules, the maximum critical compressive strength under pressure of Fibrous hemp “Bialobrzeskie” granules was 850 N force, and the least resistant fiber hemp “Epsilon 68” granules reached 550 N force. After evaluation of the thermal properties of the Fibrous Plant pellets, it was found that the prepared biofuel is sufficiently calorific, since its calorific value is close to that of straw and previously our investigated woody Plants: the studied Fibrous hemp reached 17.3-17.5 MJ·kg-1 and Fibrous nettle was very similar – 17.2 MJ·kg-1 . These parameters meet the[...]Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

  • Fibrous hemp (Felina 32, USO 31, Finola) and Fibrous nettle processing and usage of pressed biofuel for energy purposes
    'Elsevier BV', 2020
    Co-Authors: Jasinskas Algirdas, Streikus Dionizas, Vonžodas Tomas
    Abstract:

    There were investigated three varieties of Fibrous hemp e Felina 32, USO 31 and Finola and one sort of Fibrous nettle. Before granulation, Plants were chopped and milled, and were determined chaff and mill fractional composition. Produced pellet humidity ranged from 9.98% to 8.87%, and pellet density reached 1171.7 kg m 3 DM of USO 31 variety. The ash contents of the Fibrous hemp and Fibrous nettle pellet reached 3.58% and 6.6%, and the net calorific values were 17.37 MJ kg 1 and 16.93 MJ kg 1 DM, respectively. The composition of determined Fibrous Plant chemical elements ranged within these limits: carbon e 45e48%; hydrogen e 1.0e1.5%, nitrogen e 5e6% and oxygen e 41e43%. Determined ash melting temperatures ranged from IT e 733e673 C to FT e 863e859 C. Pellets disintegration force varied from 992 N for Felina 32 till 1338 N for Fibrous nettle. Harmful emissions were also estimated, it ranged e CO2 e 3.1e5.0%, CO e 411.7e1410.8 ppm, NOx e 88.0e117.3 ppm and unburnt hydrocarbons CxHy e 26.0e127.9 ppm have been determined when burning of granules. Determined emissions were within the permissible limits. Coefficient of energy efficiency of granulated biofuel, when biomass moisture content was decreased by 20%, was 2.83Lietuvos energetikos institutasVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio inžinerijos fakulteta

  • Fibrous hemp (Felina 32, USO 31, Finola) and Fibrous nettle processing and usage of pressed biofuel for energy purposes
    2020
    Co-Authors: Jasinskas Algirdas, Streikus Dionizas, Vonžodas Tomas
    Abstract:

    There were investigated three varieties of Fibrous hemp e Felina 32, USO 31 and Finola and one sort of Fibrous nettle. Before granulation, Plants were chopped and milled, and were determined chaff and mill fractional composition. Produced pellet humidity ranged from 9.98% to 8.87%, and pellet density reached 1171.7 kg m 3 DM of USO 31 variety. The ash contents of the Fibrous hemp and Fibrous nettle pellet reached 3.58% and 6.6%, and the net calorific values were 17.37 MJ kg 1 and 16.93 MJ kg 1 DM, respectively. The composition of determined Fibrous Plant chemical elements ranged within these limits: carbon e 45e48%; hydrogen e 1.0e1.5%, nitrogen e 5e6% and oxygen e 41e43%. Determined ash melting temperatures ranged from IT e 733e673 C to FT e 863e859 C. Pellets disintegration force varied from 992 N for Felina 32 till 1338 N for Fibrous nettle. Harmful emissions were also estimated, it ranged e CO2 e 3.1e5.0%, CO e 411.7e1410.8 ppm, NOx e 88.0e117.3 ppm and unburnt hydrocarbons CxHy e 26.0e127.9 ppm have been determined when burning of granules. Determined emissions were within the permissible limits. Coefficient of energy efficiency of granulated biofuel, when biomass moisture content was decreased by 20%, was 2.83Lietuvos energetikos institutasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

Anne S Meyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Targeted pre-treatment of hemp bast fibres for optimal performance in biocomposite materials: A review
    Industrial Crops and Products, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ming Liu, Anders Thygesen, John Summerscales, Anne S Meyer
    Abstract:

    Abstract Global interest in the use of Plant fibres in natural fibre reinforced composites (NFCs) is growing rapidly. The increased interest is primarily due to the advantageous properties of natural fibres including biodegradability, low cost, low density and high stiffness and strength to weight ratio. In order to achieve strong NFCs, well separated and cellulose-rich fibres are required. Hemp is taking a center stage in this regard as a source of suitable natural Plant cellulose fibres because natural hemp bast fibres are long and inherently possess high strength. Classical field and water retting methods have been used for centuries for removal of non-cellulosic components from Fibrous Plant stems including from hemp, but carries a risk of reducing the mechanical properties of the fibres via damaging the cellulose. For NFCs new targeted fibre pre-treatment methods are needed to selectively and effectively remove non-cellulosic components from the Plant fibres to produce cellulose rich fibres without introducing any damage to the fibres. A key feature for successful use of natural fibres such as hemp fibres in composite materials is optimal interfacial contact between the fibres and the hydrophobic composite matrix material. Targeted modification of natural fibres for NFCs must also be targeted to optimize the fibre surface properties. Consequently, improved interfacial bonding between fibres and hydrophobic polymers, reduced moisture uptake, increased microbial degradation resistance, and prolonged durability of NFCs can be achieved. This review, using hemp bast fibres as an example, critically and comprehensively assesses the targeted pretreatment technologies and data available for producing well separated cellulose bast fibres having optimal chemical and physical properties for maximizing the mechanical performance and durability of NFCs.

  • rapid near infrared spectroscopy for prediction of enzymatic hydrolysis of corn bran after various pretreatments
    New Biotechnology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Andreas Baum, Max Egebo, Jane Wittrup Agger, Anne S Meyer, Jorn Dalgaard Mikkelsen
    Abstract:

    Efficient generation of a fermentable hydrolysate is a primary requirement in the utilization of Fibrous Plant biomass as feedstocks in bioethanol processes. The first biomass conversion step usually involves a hydrothermal pretreatment before enzymatic hydrolysis. The purpose of the pretreatment step is to increase the responsivity of the substrate to enzymatic attack and the type of pretreatment affects the enzymatic conversion efficiency. Destarched corn bran is a Fibrous, heteroxylan-rich side-stream from the starch industry which may be used as a feedstock for bioethanol production or as a source of xylose for other purposes. In the present study we demonstrate the use of diffuse reflectance near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) as a rapid and non-destructive analytical tool for evaluation of pretreatment effects on destarched corn bran. NIR was used to achieve classification between 43 differently pretreated corn bran samples using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchal clustering algorithms. Quantification of the enzymatically released monosaccharides by HPLC was used to design multivariate calibration models (biPLS) on the NIR spectra. The models could predict the enzymatic release of different levels of arabinose, xylose and glucose from all the differently pretreated destarched corn bran samples. The present study also demonstrates a generic, non-destructive solution to determine the enzymatic monosaccharide release from polymers in biomass side-streams, thereby potentially replacing the cumbersome HPLC analysis.

Vonžodas Tomas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fibrous hemp (Felina 32, USO 31, Finola) and Fibrous nettle processing and usage of pressed biofuel for energy purposes
    'Elsevier BV', 2020
    Co-Authors: Jasinskas Algirdas, Streikus Dionizas, Vonžodas Tomas
    Abstract:

    There were investigated three varieties of Fibrous hemp e Felina 32, USO 31 and Finola and one sort of Fibrous nettle. Before granulation, Plants were chopped and milled, and were determined chaff and mill fractional composition. Produced pellet humidity ranged from 9.98% to 8.87%, and pellet density reached 1171.7 kg m 3 DM of USO 31 variety. The ash contents of the Fibrous hemp and Fibrous nettle pellet reached 3.58% and 6.6%, and the net calorific values were 17.37 MJ kg 1 and 16.93 MJ kg 1 DM, respectively. The composition of determined Fibrous Plant chemical elements ranged within these limits: carbon e 45e48%; hydrogen e 1.0e1.5%, nitrogen e 5e6% and oxygen e 41e43%. Determined ash melting temperatures ranged from IT e 733e673 C to FT e 863e859 C. Pellets disintegration force varied from 992 N for Felina 32 till 1338 N for Fibrous nettle. Harmful emissions were also estimated, it ranged e CO2 e 3.1e5.0%, CO e 411.7e1410.8 ppm, NOx e 88.0e117.3 ppm and unburnt hydrocarbons CxHy e 26.0e127.9 ppm have been determined when burning of granules. Determined emissions were within the permissible limits. Coefficient of energy efficiency of granulated biofuel, when biomass moisture content was decreased by 20%, was 2.83Lietuvos energetikos institutasVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio inžinerijos fakulteta

  • Fibrous hemp (Felina 32, USO 31, Finola) and Fibrous nettle processing and usage of pressed biofuel for energy purposes
    2020
    Co-Authors: Jasinskas Algirdas, Streikus Dionizas, Vonžodas Tomas
    Abstract:

    There were investigated three varieties of Fibrous hemp e Felina 32, USO 31 and Finola and one sort of Fibrous nettle. Before granulation, Plants were chopped and milled, and were determined chaff and mill fractional composition. Produced pellet humidity ranged from 9.98% to 8.87%, and pellet density reached 1171.7 kg m 3 DM of USO 31 variety. The ash contents of the Fibrous hemp and Fibrous nettle pellet reached 3.58% and 6.6%, and the net calorific values were 17.37 MJ kg 1 and 16.93 MJ kg 1 DM, respectively. The composition of determined Fibrous Plant chemical elements ranged within these limits: carbon e 45e48%; hydrogen e 1.0e1.5%, nitrogen e 5e6% and oxygen e 41e43%. Determined ash melting temperatures ranged from IT e 733e673 C to FT e 863e859 C. Pellets disintegration force varied from 992 N for Felina 32 till 1338 N for Fibrous nettle. Harmful emissions were also estimated, it ranged e CO2 e 3.1e5.0%, CO e 411.7e1410.8 ppm, NOx e 88.0e117.3 ppm and unburnt hydrocarbons CxHy e 26.0e127.9 ppm have been determined when burning of granules. Determined emissions were within the permissible limits. Coefficient of energy efficiency of granulated biofuel, when biomass moisture content was decreased by 20%, was 2.83Lietuvos energetikos institutasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

  • Fibrous hemp (Felina 32, USO 31, Finola) and Fibrous nettle processing and usage of pressed biofuel for energy purposes
    'Elsevier BV', 2020
    Co-Authors: Jasinskas Algirdas, Streikus Dionizas, Vonžodas Tomas
    Abstract:

    There were investigated three varieties of Fibrous hemp e Felina 32, USO 31 and Finola and one sort of Fibrous nettle. Before granulation, Plants were chopped and milled, and were determined chaff and mill fractional composition. Produced pellet humidity ranged from 9.98% to 8.87%, and pellet density reached 1171.7 kg m 3 DM of USO 31 variety. The ash contents of the Fibrous hemp and Fibrous nettle pellet reached 3.58% and 6.6%, and the net calorific values were 17.37 MJ kg 1 and 16.93 MJ kg 1 DM, respectively. The composition of determined Fibrous Plant chemical elements ranged within these limits: carbon e 45e48%; hydrogen e 1.0e1.5%, nitrogen e 5e6% and oxygen e 41e43%. Determined ash melting temperatures ranged from IT e 733e673 C to FT e 863e859 C. Pellets disintegration force varied from 992 N for Felina 32 till 1338 N for Fibrous nettle. Harmful emissions were also estimated, it ranged e CO2 e 3.1e5.0%, CO e 411.7e1410.8 ppm, NOx e 88.0e117.3 ppm and unburnt hydrocarbons CxHy e 26.0e127.9 ppm have been determined when burning of granules. Determined emissions were within the permissible limits. Coefficient of energy efficiency of granulated biofuel, when biomass moisture content was decreased by 20%, was 2.83Lietuvos energetikos institutasVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

Ming Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Targeted pre-treatment of hemp bast fibres for optimal performance in biocomposite materials: A review
    Industrial Crops and Products, 2017
    Co-Authors: Ming Liu, Anders Thygesen, John Summerscales, Anne S Meyer
    Abstract:

    Abstract Global interest in the use of Plant fibres in natural fibre reinforced composites (NFCs) is growing rapidly. The increased interest is primarily due to the advantageous properties of natural fibres including biodegradability, low cost, low density and high stiffness and strength to weight ratio. In order to achieve strong NFCs, well separated and cellulose-rich fibres are required. Hemp is taking a center stage in this regard as a source of suitable natural Plant cellulose fibres because natural hemp bast fibres are long and inherently possess high strength. Classical field and water retting methods have been used for centuries for removal of non-cellulosic components from Fibrous Plant stems including from hemp, but carries a risk of reducing the mechanical properties of the fibres via damaging the cellulose. For NFCs new targeted fibre pre-treatment methods are needed to selectively and effectively remove non-cellulosic components from the Plant fibres to produce cellulose rich fibres without introducing any damage to the fibres. A key feature for successful use of natural fibres such as hemp fibres in composite materials is optimal interfacial contact between the fibres and the hydrophobic composite matrix material. Targeted modification of natural fibres for NFCs must also be targeted to optimize the fibre surface properties. Consequently, improved interfacial bonding between fibres and hydrophobic polymers, reduced moisture uptake, increased microbial degradation resistance, and prolonged durability of NFCs can be achieved. This review, using hemp bast fibres as an example, critically and comprehensively assesses the targeted pretreatment technologies and data available for producing well separated cellulose bast fibres having optimal chemical and physical properties for maximizing the mechanical performance and durability of NFCs.