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Simon G. Lewis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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humans in the hoxnian habitat context and fire use at beeches pit west stow suffolk uk
Journal of Quaternary Science, 2006Co-Authors: Richard C. Preece, Simon A. Parfitt, David R. Bridgland, John Gowlett, Simon G. LewisAbstract:A Lower Palaeolithic industry at Beeches Pit, West Stow, Suffolk, occurs within an interglacial sequence that immediately overlies glacial deposits, referable to the Anglian Lowestoft Formation. There is strong biostratigraphical evidence from both vertebrates and molluscs that the interglacial represented is the Hoxnian (MIS 11). This conclusion is supported by uranium series dates from carbonate nodules (>400 kyr), TL dates from burnt Flint (414 � 30 kyr) and a range of amino acid racemisation data. The archaeology consists of Flint artefacts of Acheulian character, including many refitting examples. Charred material is abundant in three stratigraphical units and many bones and Flints have been burnt, indicating repeated occurrence of fire. Several discrete areas of burnt sediment appear to be hearths. This interpretation is supported by: (1) the intensity of burning (600-8008C) implied by the charred and calcined bones; (2) the intersection of two of the burnt areas, implying separate burning events at slightly different, overlapping locations; (3) the discovery of two burnt flakes that refit onto an adjacent group that are unburnt, indicating that the burning was highly localised; and (4) the spatial distribution of artefacts respects the features interpreted as hearths, suggesting fireside knapping. Fossils associated with the archaeology indicate occupation within closed deciduous forest in a fully temperate climate. Attractions to this unusual environment would have included the fresh water provided by springs, a rich supply of potential food and a prolific source of good quality Flint for tool manufacture. The archaeological evidence therefore suggests that the site repeatedly served as an area of focused activities (perhaps a 'home-base') during much of the interglacial. The upper levels of the sequence provide clear faunal evidence of climatic deterioration during which human occupation and fire use persisted. Biostratigraphical correlations with other Lower Palaeolithic sites lend support to the suggestion that Acheulian and Clactonian industries occurred in Britain during the same substage of the Hoxnian, although not necessarily at precisely the same time. Copyright # 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Humans in the Hoxnian: habitat, context and fire use at Beeches Pit, West Stow, Suffolk, UK†
Journal of Quaternary Science, 2006Co-Authors: Richard C. Preece, Simon A. Parfitt, David R. Bridgland, John Gowlett, Simon G. LewisAbstract:A Lower Palaeolithic industry at Beeches Pit, West Stow, Suffolk, occurs within an interglacial sequence that immediately overlies glacial deposits, referable to the Anglian Lowestoft Formation. There is strong biostratigraphical evidence from both vertebrates and molluscs that the interglacial represented is the Hoxnian (MIS 11). This conclusion is supported by uranium series dates from carbonate nodules (>400 kyr), TL dates from burnt Flint (414 � 30 kyr) and a range of amino acid racemisation data. The archaeology consists of Flint artefacts of Acheulian character, including many refitting examples. Charred material is abundant in three stratigraphical units and many bones and Flints have been burnt, indicating repeated occurrence of fire. Several discrete areas of burnt sediment appear to be hearths. This interpretation is supported by: (1) the intensity of burning (600-8008C) implied by the charred and calcined bones; (2) the intersection of two of the burnt areas, implying separate burning events at slightly different, overlapping locations; (3) the discovery of two burnt flakes that refit onto an adjacent group that are unburnt, indicating that the burning was highly localised; and (4) the spatial distribution of artefacts respects the features interpreted as hearths, suggesting fireside knapping. Fossils associated with the archaeology indicate occupation within closed deciduous forest in a fully temperate climate. Attractions to this unusual environment would have included the fresh water provided by springs, a rich supply of potential food and a prolific source of good quality Flint for tool manufacture. The archaeological evidence therefore suggests that the site repeatedly served as an area of focused activities (perhaps a 'home-base') during much of the interglacial. The upper levels of the sequence provide clear faunal evidence of climatic deterioration during which human occupation and fire use persisted. Biostratigraphical correlations with other Lower Palaeolithic sites lend support to the suggestion that Acheulian and Clactonian industries occurred in Britain during the same substage of the Hoxnian, although not necessarily at precisely the same time. Copyright # 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Jerome Primault - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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between the northern and southern regions of western europe the acheulean site of la grande vallee colombiers vienne france
Quaternary International, 2016Co-Authors: David Herisson, Daniel Richter, Jean Airvaux, Arnaud Lenoble, Emilie Claud, Jerome PrimaultAbstract:Abstract Poitou is located between the Paris and Aquitaine Basins, flanked by the extensions of the Massif Central and the Armorican Massif. Many sites attributed to what in Western Europe has been termed “the Acheulean” are preserved within this region, though research has largely been limited to surface collection of material from fields and open sand quarries situated on alluvial terraces. The discovery of the site of La Grande Vallee in 1995, within the district of Colombiers in Vienne therefore provided the first opportunity to conduct a rigorous scientific examination of a stratified Pleistocene archaeological deposit. The sedimentary sequence preserved at La Grande Vallee itself (U5) has produced five archaeological layers attributable to the Acheulean. The archaeological layers contained abundant lithic remains, reflecting the in situ production of many tools, including the key tool, the biface. The large slabs of Flint used gave rise to specific working methods, indicating adaptation to the raw material. Micro-wear studies have revealed that butchery activities, including slicing and chopping of meat and bone, were also carried out in situ. These observations, along with the presence of many burnt Flints, suggest that this locale acted as a mixture of habitation site/workshop. Currently, thermoluminescence dates on heated Flint support the geomorphological study: unit U5 appears to have been deposited between 500 ka and 400 ka. The site of La Grande Vallee is a key sequence for understanding the Acheulean of the region. The geographical position of the site at the Seuil du Poitou, between the northern and southern regions of Western Europe, makes it a reliable and insightful observation point into Middle Pleistocene settlement in Western Europe.
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Between the northern and southern regions of Western Europe: The Acheulean site of La Grande Vallée (Colombiers, Vienne, France)
Quaternary International, 2016Co-Authors: David Herisson, Daniel Richter, Jean Airvaux, Arnaud Lenoble, Emilie Claud, Jerome PrimaultAbstract:Poitou is located between the Paris and Aquitaine Basins, flanked by the extensions of the Massif Central and the Armorican Massif. Many sites attributed to what in Western Europe has been termed “the Acheulean” are preserved within this region, though research has largely been limited to surface collection of material from fields and open sand quarries situated on alluvial terraces. The discovery of the site of La Grande Vallée in 1995, within the district of Colombiers in Vienne therefore provided the first opportunity to conduct a rigorous scientific examination of a stratified Pleistocene archaeological deposit. The sedimentary sequence preserved at La Grande Vallée itself (U5) has produced five archaeological layers attributable to the Acheulean. The archaeological layers contained abundant lithic remains, reflecting the in situ production of many tools, including the key tool, the biface. The large slabs of Flint used gave rise to specific working methods, indicating adaptation to the raw material. Micro-wear studies have revealed that butchery activities, including slicing and chopping of meat and bone, were also carried out in situ. These observations, along with the presence of many burnt Flints, suggest that this locale acted as a mixture of habitation site/workshop. Currently, thermoluminescence dates on heated Flint support the geomorphological study: unit U5 appears to have been deposited between 500 ka and 400 ka. The site of La Grande Vallée is a key sequence for understanding the Acheulean of the region. The geographical position of the site at the Seuil du Poitou, between the northern and southern regions of Western Europe, makes it a reliable and insightful observation point into Middle Pleistocene settlement in Western Europe.
Simon A. Parfitt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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humans in the hoxnian habitat context and fire use at beeches pit west stow suffolk uk
Journal of Quaternary Science, 2006Co-Authors: Richard C. Preece, Simon A. Parfitt, David R. Bridgland, John Gowlett, Simon G. LewisAbstract:A Lower Palaeolithic industry at Beeches Pit, West Stow, Suffolk, occurs within an interglacial sequence that immediately overlies glacial deposits, referable to the Anglian Lowestoft Formation. There is strong biostratigraphical evidence from both vertebrates and molluscs that the interglacial represented is the Hoxnian (MIS 11). This conclusion is supported by uranium series dates from carbonate nodules (>400 kyr), TL dates from burnt Flint (414 � 30 kyr) and a range of amino acid racemisation data. The archaeology consists of Flint artefacts of Acheulian character, including many refitting examples. Charred material is abundant in three stratigraphical units and many bones and Flints have been burnt, indicating repeated occurrence of fire. Several discrete areas of burnt sediment appear to be hearths. This interpretation is supported by: (1) the intensity of burning (600-8008C) implied by the charred and calcined bones; (2) the intersection of two of the burnt areas, implying separate burning events at slightly different, overlapping locations; (3) the discovery of two burnt flakes that refit onto an adjacent group that are unburnt, indicating that the burning was highly localised; and (4) the spatial distribution of artefacts respects the features interpreted as hearths, suggesting fireside knapping. Fossils associated with the archaeology indicate occupation within closed deciduous forest in a fully temperate climate. Attractions to this unusual environment would have included the fresh water provided by springs, a rich supply of potential food and a prolific source of good quality Flint for tool manufacture. The archaeological evidence therefore suggests that the site repeatedly served as an area of focused activities (perhaps a 'home-base') during much of the interglacial. The upper levels of the sequence provide clear faunal evidence of climatic deterioration during which human occupation and fire use persisted. Biostratigraphical correlations with other Lower Palaeolithic sites lend support to the suggestion that Acheulian and Clactonian industries occurred in Britain during the same substage of the Hoxnian, although not necessarily at precisely the same time. Copyright # 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Humans in the Hoxnian: habitat, context and fire use at Beeches Pit, West Stow, Suffolk, UK†
Journal of Quaternary Science, 2006Co-Authors: Richard C. Preece, Simon A. Parfitt, David R. Bridgland, John Gowlett, Simon G. LewisAbstract:A Lower Palaeolithic industry at Beeches Pit, West Stow, Suffolk, occurs within an interglacial sequence that immediately overlies glacial deposits, referable to the Anglian Lowestoft Formation. There is strong biostratigraphical evidence from both vertebrates and molluscs that the interglacial represented is the Hoxnian (MIS 11). This conclusion is supported by uranium series dates from carbonate nodules (>400 kyr), TL dates from burnt Flint (414 � 30 kyr) and a range of amino acid racemisation data. The archaeology consists of Flint artefacts of Acheulian character, including many refitting examples. Charred material is abundant in three stratigraphical units and many bones and Flints have been burnt, indicating repeated occurrence of fire. Several discrete areas of burnt sediment appear to be hearths. This interpretation is supported by: (1) the intensity of burning (600-8008C) implied by the charred and calcined bones; (2) the intersection of two of the burnt areas, implying separate burning events at slightly different, overlapping locations; (3) the discovery of two burnt flakes that refit onto an adjacent group that are unburnt, indicating that the burning was highly localised; and (4) the spatial distribution of artefacts respects the features interpreted as hearths, suggesting fireside knapping. Fossils associated with the archaeology indicate occupation within closed deciduous forest in a fully temperate climate. Attractions to this unusual environment would have included the fresh water provided by springs, a rich supply of potential food and a prolific source of good quality Flint for tool manufacture. The archaeological evidence therefore suggests that the site repeatedly served as an area of focused activities (perhaps a 'home-base') during much of the interglacial. The upper levels of the sequence provide clear faunal evidence of climatic deterioration during which human occupation and fire use persisted. Biostratigraphical correlations with other Lower Palaeolithic sites lend support to the suggestion that Acheulian and Clactonian industries occurred in Britain during the same substage of the Hoxnian, although not necessarily at precisely the same time. Copyright # 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Richard C. Preece - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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humans in the hoxnian habitat context and fire use at beeches pit west stow suffolk uk
Journal of Quaternary Science, 2006Co-Authors: Richard C. Preece, Simon A. Parfitt, David R. Bridgland, John Gowlett, Simon G. LewisAbstract:A Lower Palaeolithic industry at Beeches Pit, West Stow, Suffolk, occurs within an interglacial sequence that immediately overlies glacial deposits, referable to the Anglian Lowestoft Formation. There is strong biostratigraphical evidence from both vertebrates and molluscs that the interglacial represented is the Hoxnian (MIS 11). This conclusion is supported by uranium series dates from carbonate nodules (>400 kyr), TL dates from burnt Flint (414 � 30 kyr) and a range of amino acid racemisation data. The archaeology consists of Flint artefacts of Acheulian character, including many refitting examples. Charred material is abundant in three stratigraphical units and many bones and Flints have been burnt, indicating repeated occurrence of fire. Several discrete areas of burnt sediment appear to be hearths. This interpretation is supported by: (1) the intensity of burning (600-8008C) implied by the charred and calcined bones; (2) the intersection of two of the burnt areas, implying separate burning events at slightly different, overlapping locations; (3) the discovery of two burnt flakes that refit onto an adjacent group that are unburnt, indicating that the burning was highly localised; and (4) the spatial distribution of artefacts respects the features interpreted as hearths, suggesting fireside knapping. Fossils associated with the archaeology indicate occupation within closed deciduous forest in a fully temperate climate. Attractions to this unusual environment would have included the fresh water provided by springs, a rich supply of potential food and a prolific source of good quality Flint for tool manufacture. The archaeological evidence therefore suggests that the site repeatedly served as an area of focused activities (perhaps a 'home-base') during much of the interglacial. The upper levels of the sequence provide clear faunal evidence of climatic deterioration during which human occupation and fire use persisted. Biostratigraphical correlations with other Lower Palaeolithic sites lend support to the suggestion that Acheulian and Clactonian industries occurred in Britain during the same substage of the Hoxnian, although not necessarily at precisely the same time. Copyright # 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Humans in the Hoxnian: habitat, context and fire use at Beeches Pit, West Stow, Suffolk, UK†
Journal of Quaternary Science, 2006Co-Authors: Richard C. Preece, Simon A. Parfitt, David R. Bridgland, John Gowlett, Simon G. LewisAbstract:A Lower Palaeolithic industry at Beeches Pit, West Stow, Suffolk, occurs within an interglacial sequence that immediately overlies glacial deposits, referable to the Anglian Lowestoft Formation. There is strong biostratigraphical evidence from both vertebrates and molluscs that the interglacial represented is the Hoxnian (MIS 11). This conclusion is supported by uranium series dates from carbonate nodules (>400 kyr), TL dates from burnt Flint (414 � 30 kyr) and a range of amino acid racemisation data. The archaeology consists of Flint artefacts of Acheulian character, including many refitting examples. Charred material is abundant in three stratigraphical units and many bones and Flints have been burnt, indicating repeated occurrence of fire. Several discrete areas of burnt sediment appear to be hearths. This interpretation is supported by: (1) the intensity of burning (600-8008C) implied by the charred and calcined bones; (2) the intersection of two of the burnt areas, implying separate burning events at slightly different, overlapping locations; (3) the discovery of two burnt flakes that refit onto an adjacent group that are unburnt, indicating that the burning was highly localised; and (4) the spatial distribution of artefacts respects the features interpreted as hearths, suggesting fireside knapping. Fossils associated with the archaeology indicate occupation within closed deciduous forest in a fully temperate climate. Attractions to this unusual environment would have included the fresh water provided by springs, a rich supply of potential food and a prolific source of good quality Flint for tool manufacture. The archaeological evidence therefore suggests that the site repeatedly served as an area of focused activities (perhaps a 'home-base') during much of the interglacial. The upper levels of the sequence provide clear faunal evidence of climatic deterioration during which human occupation and fire use persisted. Biostratigraphical correlations with other Lower Palaeolithic sites lend support to the suggestion that Acheulian and Clactonian industries occurred in Britain during the same substage of the Hoxnian, although not necessarily at precisely the same time. Copyright # 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Daniel Richter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating the intensity of fire at the acheulian site of gesher benot ya aqov spatial and thermoluminescence analyses
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Nira Alpersonafil, Daniel Richter, Naama GoreninbarAbstract:This manuscript presents an attempt to evaluate the intensity of fire through spatial patterning and thermoluminescence methodology. Previous studies of Layer II-6 Level 2 at the Acheulian site of Gesher Benot Ya‘aqov suggested that hominins differentiated their activities across space, including multiple activities around a hearth reconstructed on the basis of the distribution of burned Flint artifacts. A transect of ~4 m was extended from the center of the reconstructed hearth of Level 2 to its periphery in order to examine the intensity of fire. Burned and unburned Flint microartifacts were sampled along this transect. The results of earlier and current thermoluminescence (TL) analysis demonstrate a general agreement with the macroscopic determination of burning, indicating that the possibility of misinterpretation based on macroscopic observations is negligible. The TL signal from Flint microartifacts close to the hearth’s center shows unambiguous signs of strong heating, whereas with increasing distance from the hearth the TL signal can be interpreted as a result of decreasing temperatures and/or shorter durations of exposure to fire in addition to a decreasing number of Flints showing fire damage. Our study shows that TL analysis can identify some variation in fire intensity, which allows a more precise classification of burned Flint microartifacts with respect to their heating history.
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between the northern and southern regions of western europe the acheulean site of la grande vallee colombiers vienne france
Quaternary International, 2016Co-Authors: David Herisson, Daniel Richter, Jean Airvaux, Arnaud Lenoble, Emilie Claud, Jerome PrimaultAbstract:Abstract Poitou is located between the Paris and Aquitaine Basins, flanked by the extensions of the Massif Central and the Armorican Massif. Many sites attributed to what in Western Europe has been termed “the Acheulean” are preserved within this region, though research has largely been limited to surface collection of material from fields and open sand quarries situated on alluvial terraces. The discovery of the site of La Grande Vallee in 1995, within the district of Colombiers in Vienne therefore provided the first opportunity to conduct a rigorous scientific examination of a stratified Pleistocene archaeological deposit. The sedimentary sequence preserved at La Grande Vallee itself (U5) has produced five archaeological layers attributable to the Acheulean. The archaeological layers contained abundant lithic remains, reflecting the in situ production of many tools, including the key tool, the biface. The large slabs of Flint used gave rise to specific working methods, indicating adaptation to the raw material. Micro-wear studies have revealed that butchery activities, including slicing and chopping of meat and bone, were also carried out in situ. These observations, along with the presence of many burnt Flints, suggest that this locale acted as a mixture of habitation site/workshop. Currently, thermoluminescence dates on heated Flint support the geomorphological study: unit U5 appears to have been deposited between 500 ka and 400 ka. The site of La Grande Vallee is a key sequence for understanding the Acheulean of the region. The geographical position of the site at the Seuil du Poitou, between the northern and southern regions of Western Europe, makes it a reliable and insightful observation point into Middle Pleistocene settlement in Western Europe.
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Between the northern and southern regions of Western Europe: The Acheulean site of La Grande Vallée (Colombiers, Vienne, France)
Quaternary International, 2016Co-Authors: David Herisson, Daniel Richter, Jean Airvaux, Arnaud Lenoble, Emilie Claud, Jerome PrimaultAbstract:Poitou is located between the Paris and Aquitaine Basins, flanked by the extensions of the Massif Central and the Armorican Massif. Many sites attributed to what in Western Europe has been termed “the Acheulean” are preserved within this region, though research has largely been limited to surface collection of material from fields and open sand quarries situated on alluvial terraces. The discovery of the site of La Grande Vallée in 1995, within the district of Colombiers in Vienne therefore provided the first opportunity to conduct a rigorous scientific examination of a stratified Pleistocene archaeological deposit. The sedimentary sequence preserved at La Grande Vallée itself (U5) has produced five archaeological layers attributable to the Acheulean. The archaeological layers contained abundant lithic remains, reflecting the in situ production of many tools, including the key tool, the biface. The large slabs of Flint used gave rise to specific working methods, indicating adaptation to the raw material. Micro-wear studies have revealed that butchery activities, including slicing and chopping of meat and bone, were also carried out in situ. These observations, along with the presence of many burnt Flints, suggest that this locale acted as a mixture of habitation site/workshop. Currently, thermoluminescence dates on heated Flint support the geomorphological study: unit U5 appears to have been deposited between 500 ka and 400 ka. The site of La Grande Vallée is a key sequence for understanding the Acheulean of the region. The geographical position of the site at the Seuil du Poitou, between the northern and southern regions of Western Europe, makes it a reliable and insightful observation point into Middle Pleistocene settlement in Western Europe.
