The Experts below are selected from a list of 84 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Zhixin Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • simulation of tin penetration in the Float Glass Process Float Glass tin penetration
    Applied Thermal Engineering, 2011
    Co-Authors: Qin Zhang, Zejing Chen, Zhixin Li
    Abstract:

    Abstract The flat Glass produced by the Float Glass Process has a tin-rich surface due to the contact with molten tin. The penetration of tin into the Glass surface is assumed to involve coupled diffusion of stannous (Sn 2+ ) and stannic (Sn 4+ ) ions. The diffusion coefficients of these ions were calculated using the modified Stocks–Einstein relation with the oxidation velocity of stannous ions depending on the oxygen activity in the Glass. The ion diffusion was analyzed using a coupled diffusion simulation with a modified diffusion coefficient to compensate for the negative effect of the Glass ribbon’s stretching or compressing in the Glass forming Process. Tin penetration simulations for both green Glass and clear Glass show an internal local tin concentration maximum in green Glass which is quite different from that in clear Glass. The local maximum in the profile is associated with the accumulation of stannic ions where the greatest oxygen activity gradient occurs. Since more Float time is needed in the manufacture of thicker Glass plate, the tin penetrates to a greater depth with the maximum deeper in the Glass and the size of the maximum larger for thicker Glass.

  • simulation of tin penetration Process in the surface layer of soda lime silica Float Glass
    Science China-technological Sciences, 2011
    Co-Authors: Qin Zhang, Zejing Chen, Zhixin Li
    Abstract:

    Based on the analysis of tin penetration mechanism in the Float Glass Process, the oxidation model of stannous ion is constructed considering the oxygen activity and the redox reaction in the Glass surface layer. The calculation of stannous ion’s oxidation rate makes it possible to predict both stannous and stannic ion’s concentrations independently. And it is also the necessary precondition for the numerical verification of tin penetration mechanism. Coupled diffusion simulation method is established to simulate the penetration Process of both stannous and stannic ions simultaneously. The result shows that when the green Glass is formed in the reducing atmosphere in tin bath, the stannic ion is accumulated at the position where oxygen activity changes sharply. Satellite peak (internal local concentration maximum) occurs in the tin concentration profile of green Glass, which is quite different from that in low iron Glass. Compared with gradually cooling temperature regulation, the tin penetrated shifts to greater depth and the depth and magnitude of the satellite peak also increase when reheating temperature regulation is applied. In order to reduce the amount of penetrated tin, the residual time in the high temperature region should be shortened.

Qin Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • simulation of tin penetration in the Float Glass Process Float Glass tin penetration
    Applied Thermal Engineering, 2011
    Co-Authors: Qin Zhang, Zejing Chen, Zhixin Li
    Abstract:

    Abstract The flat Glass produced by the Float Glass Process has a tin-rich surface due to the contact with molten tin. The penetration of tin into the Glass surface is assumed to involve coupled diffusion of stannous (Sn 2+ ) and stannic (Sn 4+ ) ions. The diffusion coefficients of these ions were calculated using the modified Stocks–Einstein relation with the oxidation velocity of stannous ions depending on the oxygen activity in the Glass. The ion diffusion was analyzed using a coupled diffusion simulation with a modified diffusion coefficient to compensate for the negative effect of the Glass ribbon’s stretching or compressing in the Glass forming Process. Tin penetration simulations for both green Glass and clear Glass show an internal local tin concentration maximum in green Glass which is quite different from that in clear Glass. The local maximum in the profile is associated with the accumulation of stannic ions where the greatest oxygen activity gradient occurs. Since more Float time is needed in the manufacture of thicker Glass plate, the tin penetrates to a greater depth with the maximum deeper in the Glass and the size of the maximum larger for thicker Glass.

  • simulation of tin penetration Process in the surface layer of soda lime silica Float Glass
    Science China-technological Sciences, 2011
    Co-Authors: Qin Zhang, Zejing Chen, Zhixin Li
    Abstract:

    Based on the analysis of tin penetration mechanism in the Float Glass Process, the oxidation model of stannous ion is constructed considering the oxygen activity and the redox reaction in the Glass surface layer. The calculation of stannous ion’s oxidation rate makes it possible to predict both stannous and stannic ion’s concentrations independently. And it is also the necessary precondition for the numerical verification of tin penetration mechanism. Coupled diffusion simulation method is established to simulate the penetration Process of both stannous and stannic ions simultaneously. The result shows that when the green Glass is formed in the reducing atmosphere in tin bath, the stannic ion is accumulated at the position where oxygen activity changes sharply. Satellite peak (internal local concentration maximum) occurs in the tin concentration profile of green Glass, which is quite different from that in low iron Glass. Compared with gradually cooling temperature regulation, the tin penetrated shifts to greater depth and the depth and magnitude of the satellite peak also increase when reheating temperature regulation is applied. In order to reduce the amount of penetrated tin, the residual time in the high temperature region should be shortened.

Zejing Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • simulation of tin penetration in the Float Glass Process Float Glass tin penetration
    Applied Thermal Engineering, 2011
    Co-Authors: Qin Zhang, Zejing Chen, Zhixin Li
    Abstract:

    Abstract The flat Glass produced by the Float Glass Process has a tin-rich surface due to the contact with molten tin. The penetration of tin into the Glass surface is assumed to involve coupled diffusion of stannous (Sn 2+ ) and stannic (Sn 4+ ) ions. The diffusion coefficients of these ions were calculated using the modified Stocks–Einstein relation with the oxidation velocity of stannous ions depending on the oxygen activity in the Glass. The ion diffusion was analyzed using a coupled diffusion simulation with a modified diffusion coefficient to compensate for the negative effect of the Glass ribbon’s stretching or compressing in the Glass forming Process. Tin penetration simulations for both green Glass and clear Glass show an internal local tin concentration maximum in green Glass which is quite different from that in clear Glass. The local maximum in the profile is associated with the accumulation of stannic ions where the greatest oxygen activity gradient occurs. Since more Float time is needed in the manufacture of thicker Glass plate, the tin penetrates to a greater depth with the maximum deeper in the Glass and the size of the maximum larger for thicker Glass.

  • simulation of tin penetration Process in the surface layer of soda lime silica Float Glass
    Science China-technological Sciences, 2011
    Co-Authors: Qin Zhang, Zejing Chen, Zhixin Li
    Abstract:

    Based on the analysis of tin penetration mechanism in the Float Glass Process, the oxidation model of stannous ion is constructed considering the oxygen activity and the redox reaction in the Glass surface layer. The calculation of stannous ion’s oxidation rate makes it possible to predict both stannous and stannic ion’s concentrations independently. And it is also the necessary precondition for the numerical verification of tin penetration mechanism. Coupled diffusion simulation method is established to simulate the penetration Process of both stannous and stannic ions simultaneously. The result shows that when the green Glass is formed in the reducing atmosphere in tin bath, the stannic ion is accumulated at the position where oxygen activity changes sharply. Satellite peak (internal local concentration maximum) occurs in the tin concentration profile of green Glass, which is quite different from that in low iron Glass. Compared with gradually cooling temperature regulation, the tin penetrated shifts to greater depth and the depth and magnitude of the satellite peak also increase when reheating temperature regulation is applied. In order to reduce the amount of penetrated tin, the residual time in the high temperature region should be shortened.

Yu Jiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Passivity-based control of the Float-Glass Process
    IEEE Control Systems Magazine, 2006
    Co-Authors: Erik B. Ydstie, Yu Jiao
    Abstract:

    Passivity-based control of mass and energy inventory has been used for about a decade in selected PPG applications. The methods described in this article are now being implemented throughout the PPG system with excellent operator acceptance. The passivity-based methodology has been applied to other Processes, including chemical vapor deposition (CVD), a silicon reactor, fluid-bed control and automotive windshield bending. The main challenges are to develop real-time optimization systems to speed up product changeover, maximize energy efficiency (currently at less than 50% of theoretical achievable in a regenerator furnace), extend furnace life, and increase production rate, it is necessary to develop methods for model reduction and multi-scale optimization that can be implemented in real time. These methods must be flexible and easy to commission and maintain in order to facilitate broad application in the manufacturing industries

Erik B. Ydstie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Passivity-based control of the Float-Glass Process
    IEEE Control Systems Magazine, 2006
    Co-Authors: Erik B. Ydstie, Yu Jiao
    Abstract:

    Passivity-based control of mass and energy inventory has been used for about a decade in selected PPG applications. The methods described in this article are now being implemented throughout the PPG system with excellent operator acceptance. The passivity-based methodology has been applied to other Processes, including chemical vapor deposition (CVD), a silicon reactor, fluid-bed control and automotive windshield bending. The main challenges are to develop real-time optimization systems to speed up product changeover, maximize energy efficiency (currently at less than 50% of theoretical achievable in a regenerator furnace), extend furnace life, and increase production rate, it is necessary to develop methods for model reduction and multi-scale optimization that can be implemented in real time. These methods must be flexible and easy to commission and maintain in order to facilitate broad application in the manufacturing industries