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K Johnson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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are there pollination syndromes in the australian epacrids ericaceae styphelioideae a novel statistical method to identify key Floral traits per syndrome
Annals of Botany, 2013Co-Authors: K JohnsonAbstract:Background and Aims: Convergent Floral traits hypothesized as attracting particular pollinators are known as pollination syndromes. Floral diversity suggests that the Australian epacrid Flora may be adapted to pollinator type. Currently there are empirical data on the pollination systems for 87 species (approx. 15 % of Australian epacrids). This provides an opportunity to test for pollination syndromes and their important morphological traits in an iconic element of the Australian Flora. Methods: Data on epacrid-pollinator relationships were obtained from published literature and field observation. A multivariate approach was used to test whether epacrid Floral attributes related to pollinator profiles. Statistical classification was then used to rank Floral attributes according to their predictive value. Data sets excluding mixed pollination systems were used to test the predictive power of statistical classification to identify pollination models. Key Results: Floral attributes are correlated with bird, fly and bee pollination. Using Floral attributes identified as correlating with pollinator type, bird pollination is classified with 86 % accuracy, red flowers being the most important predictor. Fly and bee pollination are classified with 78 and 69 % accuracy, but have a lack of individually important Floral predictors. Excluding mixed pollination systems improved the accuracy of the prediction of both bee and fly pollination systems. Conclusions: Although most epacrids have generalized pollination systems, a correlation between bird pollination and red, long-tubed epacrids is found. Statistical classification highlights the relative importance of each Floral attribute in relation to pollinator type and proves useful in classifying epacrids to bird, fly and bee pollination systems.
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Are there pollination syndromes in the Australian epacrids (Ericaceae: Styphelioideae)? A novel statistical method to identify key Floral traits per syndrome.
Annals of Botany, 2013Co-Authors: K JohnsonAbstract:Background and Aims: Convergent Floral traits hypothesized as attracting particular pollinators are known as pollination syndromes. Floral diversity suggests that the Australian epacrid Flora may be adapted to pollinator type. Currently there are empirical data on the pollination systems for 87 species (approx. 15 % of Australian epacrids). This provides an opportunity to test for pollination syndromes and their important morphological traits in an iconic element of the Australian Flora. Methods: Data on epacrid-pollinator relationships were obtained from published literature and field observation. A multivariate approach was used to test whether epacrid Floral attributes related to pollinator profiles. Statistical classification was then used to rank Floral attributes according to their predictive value. Data sets excluding mixed pollination systems were used to test the predictive power of statistical classification to identify pollination models. Key Results: Floral attributes are correlated with bird, fly and bee pollination. Using Floral attributes identified as correlating with pollinator type, bird pollination is classified with 86 % accuracy, red flowers being the most important predictor. Fly and bee pollination are classified with 78 and 69 % accuracy, but have a lack of individually important Floral predictors. Excluding mixed pollination systems improved the accuracy of the prediction of both bee and fly pollination systems. Conclusions: Although most epacrids have generalized pollination systems, a correlation between bird pollination and red, long-tubed epacrids is found. Statistical classification highlights the relative importance of each Floral attribute in relation to pollinator type and proves useful in classifying epacrids to bird, fly and bee pollination systems.
Lev Yu. Budantsev - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Early stages of formation and dispersal of the temperate Flora in the Boreal Region
The Botanical Review, 1992Co-Authors: Lev Yu. BudantsevAbstract:Budantsev, L. Yu. (Komarov Botanical Institute, Prof. Popov Str. 2, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia). Early stages of formation and dispersal of the temperate Flora in the Boreal Region. Bot. Rev. 58(1) : 1–48, 1992.—The thesis of this review is that, as stated as early as 1908 by V. L. Komarov, the composition of a Flora can be understood only as a process, or separate stage, in the context of migration in time and space of various floristic assemblages and their isolation, as induced by transformation of continental and ocean shapes, changes in climate, and the environment as a whole. Thus the formation of geoFloras of the past was influenced by gradually changing environments that determined the spread, patterning, and spatial differentiation of Floras and their evolution. Parallel to the more commonly-seen names of eras—Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic—we can speak of the Paleophytic, Mesophytic, and Cenophytic eras. Eras defined in these two ways (by faunistic or by floristic criteria) do not completely coincide. Generally, changes in the Flora have, necessarily, preceded changes in the fauna. It is the Cenophytic with which this review is mostly concerned, the era of Angiosperm dominance. The movement of early subtropical and warm temperate Floras in the Early Cenophytic, followed by temperate or even boreal Floras, as the climate changes, is traced in detail. The regions discussed most fully are the Boreal-Atlantic and Boreal-Pacific, with emphasis on the Angaro-Beringian Flora. The disappearance of archaic forms (e.g., cycadophytes) and the gradual predominance of angiosperms is documented. The movements of the Floral assemblages in response to environmental changes are mapped and described. The early development and diversification of the boreal temperate Flora is considered to have taken place mainly in Angaro-Beringia, associated with the invasive migration of tropical angiosperms from southeastern Asia.
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Early stages of formation and dispersal of the temperate Flora in the Boreal Region
The Botanical Review, 1992Co-Authors: Lev Yu. BudantsevAbstract:Budantsev, L. Yu. (Komarov Botanical Institute, Prof. Popov Str. 2, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia). Early stages of formation and dispersal of the temperate Flora in the Boreal Region. Bot. Rev. 58(1) : 1–48, 1992.—The thesis of this review is that, as stated as early as 1908 by V. L. Komarov, the composition of a Flora can be understood only as a process, or separate stage, in the context of migration in time and space of various floristic assemblages and their isolation, as induced by transformation of continental and ocean shapes, changes in climate, and the environment as a whole. Thus the formation of geoFloras of the past was influenced by gradually changing environments that determined the spread, patterning, and spatial differentiation of Floras and their evolution. Parallel to the more commonly-seen names of eras—Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic—we can speak of the Paleophytic, Mesophytic, and Cenophytic eras. Eras defined in these two ways (by faunistic or by floristic criteria) do not completely coincide. Generally, changes in the Flora have, necessarily, preceded changes in the fauna. It is the Cenophytic with which this review is mostly concerned, the era of Angiosperm dominance. The movement of early subtropical and warm temperate Floras in the Early Cenophytic, followed by temperate or even boreal Floras, as the climate changes, is traced in detail. The regions discussed most fully are the Boreal-Atlantic and Boreal-Pacific, with emphasis on the Angaro-Beringian Flora. The disappearance of archaic forms (e.g., cycadophytes) and the gradual predominance of angiosperms is documented. The movements of the Floral assemblages in response to environmental changes are mapped and described. The early development and diversification of the boreal temperate Flora is considered to have taken place mainly in Angaro-Beringia, associated with the invasive migration of tropical angiosperms from southeastern Asia.
Larry E. Davis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A morphotype catalog and paleoenvironmental interpretations of early Miocene fossil leaves from the Hiwegi Formation, Rusinga Island, Lake Victoria, Kenya
Palaeontologia electronica, 2013Co-Authors: Daniel P. Maxbauer, Daniel J. Peppe, Marion K. Bamford, Kieran P. Mcnulty, William E.h. Harcourt-smith, Larry E. DavisAbstract:Early Miocene deposits on Rusinga Island (Lake Victoria, Kenya) contain an abundance of faunal and Floral remains. Despite the attention that has historically been given to the early Miocene fauna from Rusinga Island, little attention has been given to the early Miocene fossil Floras and to date no studies have described fossil leaf morphotypes from Rusinga Island. Here, we present a morphotype catalog of fossil leaves collected from the Grit Member of the Hiwegi Formation on Rusinga Island. We describe 14 morphotypes, comprised of 12 dicotyledonous angiosperms and two monocotyledonous angiosperms, as well as two distinct dicotyledonous angiosperm leaf fragments. Characteristics of the Flora and sedimentological evidence, coupled with previous research, suggest that the local paleoenvironment was a riparian habitat within a patchwork of woodland and forested biomes in what was likely a warm climate. This work represents an important first step in understanding the early Miocene vegetation of Rusinga Island, and highlights both the need and potential for future research on these early Miocene Floras.
López-pujol Jordi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Número especial sobre Ecología, evolución y conservación en las plantas de China: introducción y algunas consideraciones
'Editorial CSIC', 2015Co-Authors: Liu Jian-quan, Ren M. X., Susanna De La Serna, Alfonso, López-pujol JordiAbstract:8 p., fotografías, mapas, planos[EN]China has one of the world’s richest Floras with around 33,000 vascular plants, of which up to 17,000 are endemic. Besides these astonishing figures, the Chinese Flora is very interesting from the point of view of evolution, as it shows a strong relictual character with some truly "living fossils" such as Ginkgo biloba or Metasequoia glyptostroboides. At the same time, China probably harbours the most important "evolutionary front" of the world’s temperate Flora, the Hengduan Mountains. Unfortunately, the Flora of China also includes a high number of threatened species (with nearly 4000), mostly due to the destruction of natural habitats and the over-exploitation of natural resources. This special issue, which corresponds to volume 34 of Collectanea Botanica, is aimed to contribute to the knowledge of Chinese Flora through a series of contributions (seven full-length articles and one short note) spanning several topics such as biogeography, conservation, demography, ecology, evolution, and plant-animal interactions.[ES]China tiene una de las Floras más ricas del mundo con alrededor 33.000 plantas vasculares, de las cuales hasta 17.000 son endémicas. Además de estas cifras asombrosas, la Flora china es muy interesante desde el punto de vista de la evolución, ya que muestra un fuerte carácter relictual con algunos auténticos «fósiles vivientes» como Ginkgo biloba o Metasequoia glyptostroboides. Al mismo tiempo, China probablemente alberga el «frente evolutivo» más importante de las Floras templadas del mundo, las montañas Hengduan. Por desgracia, la Flora de China también destaca por el elevado número de especies amenazadas (casi 4000), sobre todo debido a la destrucción de los hábitats y la sobreexplotación de los recursos naturales. Este número especial, que corresponde al volumen 34 de Collectanea Botanica, tiene como objetivo contribuir al conocimiento de la Flora de China a través de una serie de contribuciones (siete artículos y una nota breve) que abarcan varios temas como la biogeografía, la conservación, la demografía, la ecología, la evolución y las interacciones planta-animal.Peer reviewe
López-pujol J. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Número especial sobre Ecología, evolución y conservación en las plantas de China: introducción y algunas consideraciones
'Editorial CSIC', 2015Co-Authors: Liu J. Q., Ren M. X., Susanna A., López-pujol J.Abstract:China has one of the world’s richest Floras with around 33,000 vascular plants, of which up to 17,000 are endemic. Besides these astonishing figures, the Chinese Flora is very interesting from the point of view of evolution, as it shows a strong relictual character with some truly “living fossils” such as Ginkgo biloba or Metasequoia glyptostroboides. At the same time, China probably harbours the most important ‘‘evolutionary front’’ of the world’s temperate Flora, the Hengduan Mountains. Unfortunately, the Flora of China also includes a high number of threatened species (with nearly 4000), mostly due to the destruction of natural habitats and the over-exploitation of natural resources. This special issue, which corresponds to volume 34 of Collectanea Botanica, is aimed to contribute to the knowledge of Chinese Flora through a series of contributions (seven full-length articles and one short note) spanning several topics such as biogeography, conservation, demography, ecology, evolution, and plant-animal interactions.China tiene una de las Floras más ricas del mundo con alrededor 33.000 plantas vasculares, de las cuales hasta 17.000 son endémicas. Además de estas cifras asombrosas, la Flora china es muy interesante desde el punto de vista de la evolución, ya que muestra un fuerte carácter relictual con algunos auténticos «fósiles vivientes» como Ginkgo biloba o Metasequoia glyptostroboides. Al mismo tiempo, China probablemente alberga el «frente evolutivo» más importante de las Floras templadas del mundo, las montañas Hengduan. Por desgracia, la Flora de China también destaca por el elevado número de especies amenazadas (casi 4000), sobre todo debido a la destrucción de los hábitats y la sobreexplotación de los recursos naturales. Este número especial, que corresponde al volumen 34 de Collectanea Botanica, tiene como objetivo contribuir al conocimiento de la Flora de China a través de una serie de contribuciones (siete artículos y una nota breve) que abarcan varios temas como la biogeografía, la conservación, la demografía, la ecología, la evolución y las interacciones planta-animal
