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Mar Sobral - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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transgenerational plasticity in Flower Color induced by caterpillars
Frontiers in Plant Science, 2021Co-Authors: Mar Sobral, Isabelle P Neylan, Eduardo Narbona, Rodolfo DirzoAbstract:Variation in Flower Color due to transgenerational plasticity could stem directly from abiotic or biotic environmental conditions. Finding a link between biotic ecological interactions across generations and plasticity in Flower Color would indicate that transgenerational effects of ecological interactions, such as herbivory, might be involved in Flower Color evolution. We conducted controlled experiments across four generations of wild radish (Raphanus sativus, Brassicaceae) plants to explore whether Flower Color is influenced by herbivory, and to determine whether Flower Color is associated with transgenerational chromatin modifications. We found transgenerational effects of herbivory on Flower Color, partly related to chromatin modifications. Given the presence of herbivory in plant populations worldwide, our results are of broad significance and contribute to our understanding of Flower Color evolution.
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Differences in pollination success between local and foreign Flower Color phenotypes: a translocation experiment with Gentiana lutea (Gentianaceae)
2020Co-Authors: Tania Veiga, Pablo Guitian, Javier A Guitián, Mar Sobral, María Losada, José M GuitiánAbstract:Background. The adaptive maintenance of Flower Color variation is frequently attributed to pollinators in part because they preferentially visit certain Flower phenotypes. We test whether Gentiana lutea -which shows a Flower Color variation (from orange to yellow) in the Cantabrian Mountains range (north of Spain) − is locally adapted to the pollinator community. Methods. We transplant orange-Flowering individuals to a population with yellow-Flowering individuals and vice-versa, to assess whether there is a pollination advantage in the local morph comparing its visitation rate with the foreign morph. Results. Our reciprocal transplant experiment showed no clear signal of local morph advantage at one site; thus, there is no evidence of local adaptation in Gentiana lutea to the pollinator assemblage. However, some floral visitor groups (such as Bombus pratorum, B. soroensis ancaricus and B. lapidarius decipiens) consistently preferred the local morph to the foreign morph whereas others (such as Bombus terrestris) consistently preferred the foreign morph. Discussion. We concluded that there is no evidence of local adaptation to the pollinator community in each of the two G. lutea populations studied. The consequences for local adaptation to pollinator on G. lutea Flower Color would depend on the variation along the Cantabrian Mountains range in morph frequency and pollinator community composition
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differences in pollination success between local and foreign Flower Color phenotypes a translocation experiment with gentiana lutea gentianaceae
PeerJ, 2017Co-Authors: Javier Guitian, Tania Veiga, Pablo Guitian, Mar Sobral, María Rosa Mosquera Losada, José GuitiánAbstract:Background. The adaptive maintenance of Flower Color variation is frequently attributed to pollinators partly because they preferentially visit certain Flower phenotypes. We tested whether Gentiana lutea-which shows a Flower Color variation (from orange to yellow) in the Cantabrian Mountains range (north of Spain)-is locally adapted to the pollinator community. Methods. We transplanted orange-Flowering individuals to a population with yellowFlowering individuals and vice versa, in order to assess whether there is a pollination advantage in the local morph by comparing its visitation rate with the foreign morph. Results. Our reciprocal transplant experiment did not show clear local morph advantage in overall visitation rate: local orange Flowers received more visits than foreign yellow Flowers in the orange population, while both local and foreign Flowers received the same visits in the yellow population; thus, there is no evidence of local adaptation in Gentiana lutea to the pollinator assemblage. However, some floral visitor groups (such as Bombus pratorum, B. soroensis ancaricus and B. lapidarius decipiens) consistently preferred the local morph to the foreign morph whereas others (such as Bombus terrestris) consistently preferred the foreign morph. Discussion. We concluded that there is no evidence of local adaptation to the pollinator community in each of the two G. lutea populations studied. The consequences for local adaptation to pollinator on G. lutea Flower Color would depend on the variation along the Cantabrian Mountains range in morph frequency and pollinator community composition.
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Flower Color preferences of insects and livestock effects on gentiana lutea reproductive success
PeerJ, 2016Co-Authors: Mar Sobral, Tania Veiga, Javier Guitian, María Rosa Mosquera Losada, Pablo GuitianAbstract:Angiosperms diversification was primarily driven by pollinator agents, but non-pollinator agents also promoted floral evolution. Gentiana lutea shows pollinator driven Flower Color variation in NW Spain. We test whether insect herbivores and livestock, which frequently feed in G.lutea, play a role in G. lutea Flower Color variation, by answering the following questions: (i) Do insect herbivores and grazing livestock show Flower Color preferences when feeding on G. lutea? (ii) Do mutualists (pollinators) and antagonists (seed predators, insect herbivores and livestock) jointly affect G. lutea reproductive success? Insect herbivores fed more often on yellow Flowering individuals but they did not affect seed production, whereas livestock affected seed production but did not show clear Color preferences. Our data indicate that Flower Color variation of G. lutea is not affected by insect herbivores or grazing livestock.
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selective pressures explain differences in Flower Color among gentiana lutea populations
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Tania Veiga, Javier Guitian, Pablo Guitian, Mar Sobral, Paula Dominguez, José GuitiánAbstract:Flower Color variation among plant populations might reflect adaptation to local conditions such as the interacting animal community. In the northwest Iberian Peninsula, Flower Color of Gentiana lutea varies longitudinally among populations, ranging from orange to yellow. We explored whether Flower Color is locally adapted and the role of pollinators and seed predators as agents of selection by analyzing the influence of Flower Color on (i) pollinator visitation rate and (ii) escape from seed predation and (iii) by testing whether differences in pollinator communities correlate with Flower Color variation across populations. Finally, (iv) we investigated whether variation in selective pressures explains Flower Color variation among 12 G. lutea populations. Flower Color influenced pollinator visits and differences in Flower Color among populations were related to variation in pollinator communities. Selective pressures on Flower Color vary among populations and explain part of Flower Color differences among populations of G. lutea. We conclude that Flower Color in G. lutea is locally adapted and that pollinators play a role in this adaptation.
Yoshikazu Tanaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Flower Color modification by engineering of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway practical perspectives
Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 2010Co-Authors: Yoshikazu Tanaka, Filippa Brugliera, Gianna Kalc, Barry K Dyson, Noriko Nakamura, Yukihisa Katsumoto, Steve ChandlerAbstract:The status quo of flavonoid biosynthesis as it relates to Flower Color is reviewed together with a success in modifying Flower Color by genetic engineering. Flavonoids and their Colored class compounds, anthocyanins, are major contributors to Flower Color. Many plant species synthesize limited kinds of flavonoids, and thus exhibit a limited range of Flower Color. Since genes regulating flavonoid biosynthesis are available, it is possible to alter Flower Color by overexpressing heterologous genes and/or down regulating endogenous genes. Transgenic carnations and a transgenic rose that accumulate delphinidin as a result of expressing a flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase gene and have novel blue hued Flowers have been commercialized. Transgenic Nierembergia accumulating pelargonidin, with novel pink Flowers, has also been developed. Although it is possible to generate white, yellow, and pink-Flowered torenia plants from blue cultivars by genetic engineering, field trial observations indicate difficulty in obtaining stable phenotypes.
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rnai suppression of the anthocyanidin synthase gene in torenia hybrida yields white Flowers with higher frequency and better stability than antisense and sense suppression
Plant Biotechnology, 2006Co-Authors: Noriko Nakamura, Masako Fukuchimizutani, Kenichi Suzuki, Kiyoshi Miyazaki, Yoshikazu TanakaAbstract:Post-transcriptional gene silencing, such as antisense suppression, sense suppression (or cosuppression), and RNAi, is often used to down-regulate a target gene in transgenic plants. Novel Flower Color is industrially important; furthermore, Flower Color is a convenient tool to monitor the stability of such silencing. Previously, we obtained white torenia through sense suppression of chalcone synthase or dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (Suzuki et al. 2000). However, their phenotypes were not stable. In this study, we suppressed the anthocyanidin synthase gene using three methods in transgenic torenia. About half of the transgenic torenia plants gave white Flowers by RNAi suppression of the gene, while antisense and sense suppression yielded a few and no white Flowers, respectively. The white Flower Color obtained by RNAi has been stable for three years in a greenhouse. This study shows the usefulness of RNAi to suppress a target gene.
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Flower Color modulations of torenia hybrida by downregulation of chalcone synthase genes with rna interference
Journal of Biotechnology, 2004Co-Authors: Eiichiro Fukusaki, Yoshikazu Tanaka, Kengo Kawasaki, Shinichiro Kajiyama, Kenichi Suzuki, Akio KobayashiAbstract:Suppression of biosynthetic genes involved in Flower Color formation is an important approach for obtaining target Flower Colors. Here we report that Flower Color of the garden plant Torenia hybrida was successfully modulated by RNA interference (RNAi) against a gene of chalcone synthase (CHS), a key enzyme for anthocyanin and flavonoid biosynthesis. By using each of the coding region and the 3'-untranslated region of the CHS mRNA as an RNAi target, exhaustive and gene-specific gene silencing were successfully induced, and the original blue Flower Color was modulated to white and pale Colors, respectively. Our results indicate that RNAi is quite useful for modulations of Flower Colors of commercially important garden plants.
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molecular and biochemical characterization of torenia flavonoid 3 hydroxylase and flavone synthase ii and modification of Flower Color by modulating the expression of these genes
Plant Science, 2002Co-Authors: Yukiko Ueyama, Takaaki Kusumi, Yuko Fukui, Masako Fukuchimizutani, Hideo Ohkawa, Kenichi Suzuki, Kiyoshi Miyazaki, Yoshikazu TanakaAbstract:Abstract Cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes play important roles in the biosynthesis of flavonoids that determine Flower Color. Three P450s, flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H), flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′,5′H) and flavone synthase II (FNSII), are involved in torenia flavonoid biosynthesis. In this study, we isolated a full-length cDNA of F3′H from a torenia petal cDNA library. The deduced amino acid sequence of torenia F3′H has 82 and 80% identity to those of Arabidopsis and petunia F3′Hs, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that F3′H and F3′,5′H genes diverted before speciation of higher plants during evolution. Expression of torenia F3′H cDNA in yeast demonstrated that torenia F3′H catalyzed hydroxylation at the 3′ position of naringenin, dihydrokaempferol, kaempferol and apigenin. Km values for these compounds were 0.83, 3.95, 2.96 and 21.5 μM, respectively. Northern analysis showed that the accumulation of anthocyanins and flavones was transcriptionally regulated and that the transcription of the FNSII gene was differently regulated from F3′H and F3′,5′H genes. The torenia, whose F3′,5′H expression had been suppressed, was further transformed with the F3′H gene driven by a constitutive promoter. Some of the transgenic torenia plants had an elevated amount of cyanidin-type anthocyanins and thus redder Flower Color. Co-suppression of the FNSII gene in the torenia successfully decreased the amount of flavones and increased the amount of flavanones, and yielded paler Flower Color.
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Flower Color modifications of Torenia hybrida by cosuppression of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes
Molecular Breeding, 2000Co-Authors: Kenichi Suzuki, Yoshikazu Tanaka, Shinzo Tsuda, Yukihisa Katsumoto, Yuko Fukui, Masako Fukuchi-mizutani, Yasuyuki Murakami, Takaaki KusumiAbstract:White and blue/white varieties of Torenia hybrida were successfully obtained from the blue variety cv. Summerwave (SWB) by cosuppressing expression of two of the genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis; chalcone synthase (CHS) and dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR). Such molecular breeding is the only precise and efficient way to create Flower Color variation in SWB due to its male and female sterility. Flower Color and the degree of suppression varied between transgenic lines, and anthocyanin biosynthesis was more consistently suppressed in the dorsal petal lobes, ventral petal lobes and corolla tube than lateral petal lobes. A pink variety was obtained by cosuppressing the flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H) gene. Yellow torenia was obtained from T-33, an in-house cultivar that contained both carotenoids and anthocyanins, by cosuppression of CHS or DFR genes.
Pablo Guitian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Differences in pollination success between local and foreign Flower Color phenotypes: a translocation experiment with Gentiana lutea (Gentianaceae)
2020Co-Authors: Tania Veiga, Pablo Guitian, Javier A Guitián, Mar Sobral, María Losada, José M GuitiánAbstract:Background. The adaptive maintenance of Flower Color variation is frequently attributed to pollinators in part because they preferentially visit certain Flower phenotypes. We test whether Gentiana lutea -which shows a Flower Color variation (from orange to yellow) in the Cantabrian Mountains range (north of Spain) − is locally adapted to the pollinator community. Methods. We transplant orange-Flowering individuals to a population with yellow-Flowering individuals and vice-versa, to assess whether there is a pollination advantage in the local morph comparing its visitation rate with the foreign morph. Results. Our reciprocal transplant experiment showed no clear signal of local morph advantage at one site; thus, there is no evidence of local adaptation in Gentiana lutea to the pollinator assemblage. However, some floral visitor groups (such as Bombus pratorum, B. soroensis ancaricus and B. lapidarius decipiens) consistently preferred the local morph to the foreign morph whereas others (such as Bombus terrestris) consistently preferred the foreign morph. Discussion. We concluded that there is no evidence of local adaptation to the pollinator community in each of the two G. lutea populations studied. The consequences for local adaptation to pollinator on G. lutea Flower Color would depend on the variation along the Cantabrian Mountains range in morph frequency and pollinator community composition
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differences in pollination success between local and foreign Flower Color phenotypes a translocation experiment with gentiana lutea gentianaceae
PeerJ, 2017Co-Authors: Javier Guitian, Tania Veiga, Pablo Guitian, Mar Sobral, María Rosa Mosquera Losada, José GuitiánAbstract:Background. The adaptive maintenance of Flower Color variation is frequently attributed to pollinators partly because they preferentially visit certain Flower phenotypes. We tested whether Gentiana lutea-which shows a Flower Color variation (from orange to yellow) in the Cantabrian Mountains range (north of Spain)-is locally adapted to the pollinator community. Methods. We transplanted orange-Flowering individuals to a population with yellowFlowering individuals and vice versa, in order to assess whether there is a pollination advantage in the local morph by comparing its visitation rate with the foreign morph. Results. Our reciprocal transplant experiment did not show clear local morph advantage in overall visitation rate: local orange Flowers received more visits than foreign yellow Flowers in the orange population, while both local and foreign Flowers received the same visits in the yellow population; thus, there is no evidence of local adaptation in Gentiana lutea to the pollinator assemblage. However, some floral visitor groups (such as Bombus pratorum, B. soroensis ancaricus and B. lapidarius decipiens) consistently preferred the local morph to the foreign morph whereas others (such as Bombus terrestris) consistently preferred the foreign morph. Discussion. We concluded that there is no evidence of local adaptation to the pollinator community in each of the two G. lutea populations studied. The consequences for local adaptation to pollinator on G. lutea Flower Color would depend on the variation along the Cantabrian Mountains range in morph frequency and pollinator community composition.
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Flower Color preferences of insects and livestock effects on gentiana lutea reproductive success
PeerJ, 2016Co-Authors: Mar Sobral, Tania Veiga, Javier Guitian, María Rosa Mosquera Losada, Pablo GuitianAbstract:Angiosperms diversification was primarily driven by pollinator agents, but non-pollinator agents also promoted floral evolution. Gentiana lutea shows pollinator driven Flower Color variation in NW Spain. We test whether insect herbivores and livestock, which frequently feed in G.lutea, play a role in G. lutea Flower Color variation, by answering the following questions: (i) Do insect herbivores and grazing livestock show Flower Color preferences when feeding on G. lutea? (ii) Do mutualists (pollinators) and antagonists (seed predators, insect herbivores and livestock) jointly affect G. lutea reproductive success? Insect herbivores fed more often on yellow Flowering individuals but they did not affect seed production, whereas livestock affected seed production but did not show clear Color preferences. Our data indicate that Flower Color variation of G. lutea is not affected by insect herbivores or grazing livestock.
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selective pressures explain differences in Flower Color among gentiana lutea populations
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Tania Veiga, Javier Guitian, Pablo Guitian, Mar Sobral, Paula Dominguez, José GuitiánAbstract:Flower Color variation among plant populations might reflect adaptation to local conditions such as the interacting animal community. In the northwest Iberian Peninsula, Flower Color of Gentiana lutea varies longitudinally among populations, ranging from orange to yellow. We explored whether Flower Color is locally adapted and the role of pollinators and seed predators as agents of selection by analyzing the influence of Flower Color on (i) pollinator visitation rate and (ii) escape from seed predation and (iii) by testing whether differences in pollinator communities correlate with Flower Color variation across populations. Finally, (iv) we investigated whether variation in selective pressures explains Flower Color variation among 12 G. lutea populations. Flower Color influenced pollinator visits and differences in Flower Color among populations were related to variation in pollinator communities. Selective pressures on Flower Color vary among populations and explain part of Flower Color differences among populations of G. lutea. We conclude that Flower Color in G. lutea is locally adapted and that pollinators play a role in this adaptation.
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are pollinators and seed predators selective agents on Flower Color in gentiana lutea
Evolutionary Ecology, 2015Co-Authors: Tania Veiga, Javier Guitian, Pablo Guitian, José Guitián, Mar SobralAbstract:Animals which interact with plants often cause selective pressures on plant traits. Flower Color variation within a species might be shaped by the action of animals feeding on the plant species. Pollinators might exert natural selection on Color if Flower Color is related to their foraging efficiency. For example, some pollinator species might require more time to detect particular Colors. If that is the case, Flower Color might have evolved as a pollination exploitation barrier—ensuring that Flowers are more visited by the most efficient pollinators. In addition, non-pollinator agents such as predispersal seed predators may select on Flower Color, if Color indicates food resources (seeds) or if Color is related to deterrent compounds. We address selection on Flower Color in a population of Gentiana lutea where Color varies among individuals from yellow to orange. We hypothesize that opposed selection from mutualists (pollinators) and antagonists (predispersal seed predators) maintains Flower Color variation in this population. By means of path analysis we addressed the role of both interactors in Flower Color selection. We found that selection acts on Flower Color, mediated by both pollinators and seed predators. Both agents favored yellow-Flowered individuals, thus selection by pollinators and seed predators does not maintain Flower Color variation in this population.
Tania Veiga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Differences in pollination success between local and foreign Flower Color phenotypes: a translocation experiment with Gentiana lutea (Gentianaceae)
2020Co-Authors: Tania Veiga, Pablo Guitian, Javier A Guitián, Mar Sobral, María Losada, José M GuitiánAbstract:Background. The adaptive maintenance of Flower Color variation is frequently attributed to pollinators in part because they preferentially visit certain Flower phenotypes. We test whether Gentiana lutea -which shows a Flower Color variation (from orange to yellow) in the Cantabrian Mountains range (north of Spain) − is locally adapted to the pollinator community. Methods. We transplant orange-Flowering individuals to a population with yellow-Flowering individuals and vice-versa, to assess whether there is a pollination advantage in the local morph comparing its visitation rate with the foreign morph. Results. Our reciprocal transplant experiment showed no clear signal of local morph advantage at one site; thus, there is no evidence of local adaptation in Gentiana lutea to the pollinator assemblage. However, some floral visitor groups (such as Bombus pratorum, B. soroensis ancaricus and B. lapidarius decipiens) consistently preferred the local morph to the foreign morph whereas others (such as Bombus terrestris) consistently preferred the foreign morph. Discussion. We concluded that there is no evidence of local adaptation to the pollinator community in each of the two G. lutea populations studied. The consequences for local adaptation to pollinator on G. lutea Flower Color would depend on the variation along the Cantabrian Mountains range in morph frequency and pollinator community composition
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differences in pollination success between local and foreign Flower Color phenotypes a translocation experiment with gentiana lutea gentianaceae
PeerJ, 2017Co-Authors: Javier Guitian, Tania Veiga, Pablo Guitian, Mar Sobral, María Rosa Mosquera Losada, José GuitiánAbstract:Background. The adaptive maintenance of Flower Color variation is frequently attributed to pollinators partly because they preferentially visit certain Flower phenotypes. We tested whether Gentiana lutea-which shows a Flower Color variation (from orange to yellow) in the Cantabrian Mountains range (north of Spain)-is locally adapted to the pollinator community. Methods. We transplanted orange-Flowering individuals to a population with yellowFlowering individuals and vice versa, in order to assess whether there is a pollination advantage in the local morph by comparing its visitation rate with the foreign morph. Results. Our reciprocal transplant experiment did not show clear local morph advantage in overall visitation rate: local orange Flowers received more visits than foreign yellow Flowers in the orange population, while both local and foreign Flowers received the same visits in the yellow population; thus, there is no evidence of local adaptation in Gentiana lutea to the pollinator assemblage. However, some floral visitor groups (such as Bombus pratorum, B. soroensis ancaricus and B. lapidarius decipiens) consistently preferred the local morph to the foreign morph whereas others (such as Bombus terrestris) consistently preferred the foreign morph. Discussion. We concluded that there is no evidence of local adaptation to the pollinator community in each of the two G. lutea populations studied. The consequences for local adaptation to pollinator on G. lutea Flower Color would depend on the variation along the Cantabrian Mountains range in morph frequency and pollinator community composition.
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Flower Color preferences of insects and livestock effects on gentiana lutea reproductive success
PeerJ, 2016Co-Authors: Mar Sobral, Tania Veiga, Javier Guitian, María Rosa Mosquera Losada, Pablo GuitianAbstract:Angiosperms diversification was primarily driven by pollinator agents, but non-pollinator agents also promoted floral evolution. Gentiana lutea shows pollinator driven Flower Color variation in NW Spain. We test whether insect herbivores and livestock, which frequently feed in G.lutea, play a role in G. lutea Flower Color variation, by answering the following questions: (i) Do insect herbivores and grazing livestock show Flower Color preferences when feeding on G. lutea? (ii) Do mutualists (pollinators) and antagonists (seed predators, insect herbivores and livestock) jointly affect G. lutea reproductive success? Insect herbivores fed more often on yellow Flowering individuals but they did not affect seed production, whereas livestock affected seed production but did not show clear Color preferences. Our data indicate that Flower Color variation of G. lutea is not affected by insect herbivores or grazing livestock.
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selective pressures explain differences in Flower Color among gentiana lutea populations
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Tania Veiga, Javier Guitian, Pablo Guitian, Mar Sobral, Paula Dominguez, José GuitiánAbstract:Flower Color variation among plant populations might reflect adaptation to local conditions such as the interacting animal community. In the northwest Iberian Peninsula, Flower Color of Gentiana lutea varies longitudinally among populations, ranging from orange to yellow. We explored whether Flower Color is locally adapted and the role of pollinators and seed predators as agents of selection by analyzing the influence of Flower Color on (i) pollinator visitation rate and (ii) escape from seed predation and (iii) by testing whether differences in pollinator communities correlate with Flower Color variation across populations. Finally, (iv) we investigated whether variation in selective pressures explains Flower Color variation among 12 G. lutea populations. Flower Color influenced pollinator visits and differences in Flower Color among populations were related to variation in pollinator communities. Selective pressures on Flower Color vary among populations and explain part of Flower Color differences among populations of G. lutea. We conclude that Flower Color in G. lutea is locally adapted and that pollinators play a role in this adaptation.
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are pollinators and seed predators selective agents on Flower Color in gentiana lutea
Evolutionary Ecology, 2015Co-Authors: Tania Veiga, Javier Guitian, Pablo Guitian, José Guitián, Mar SobralAbstract:Animals which interact with plants often cause selective pressures on plant traits. Flower Color variation within a species might be shaped by the action of animals feeding on the plant species. Pollinators might exert natural selection on Color if Flower Color is related to their foraging efficiency. For example, some pollinator species might require more time to detect particular Colors. If that is the case, Flower Color might have evolved as a pollination exploitation barrier—ensuring that Flowers are more visited by the most efficient pollinators. In addition, non-pollinator agents such as predispersal seed predators may select on Flower Color, if Color indicates food resources (seeds) or if Color is related to deterrent compounds. We address selection on Flower Color in a population of Gentiana lutea where Color varies among individuals from yellow to orange. We hypothesize that opposed selection from mutualists (pollinators) and antagonists (predispersal seed predators) maintains Flower Color variation in this population. By means of path analysis we addressed the role of both interactors in Flower Color selection. We found that selection acts on Flower Color, mediated by both pollinators and seed predators. Both agents favored yellow-Flowered individuals, thus selection by pollinators and seed predators does not maintain Flower Color variation in this population.
Javier Guitian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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differences in pollination success between local and foreign Flower Color phenotypes a translocation experiment with gentiana lutea gentianaceae
PeerJ, 2017Co-Authors: Javier Guitian, Tania Veiga, Pablo Guitian, Mar Sobral, María Rosa Mosquera Losada, José GuitiánAbstract:Background. The adaptive maintenance of Flower Color variation is frequently attributed to pollinators partly because they preferentially visit certain Flower phenotypes. We tested whether Gentiana lutea-which shows a Flower Color variation (from orange to yellow) in the Cantabrian Mountains range (north of Spain)-is locally adapted to the pollinator community. Methods. We transplanted orange-Flowering individuals to a population with yellowFlowering individuals and vice versa, in order to assess whether there is a pollination advantage in the local morph by comparing its visitation rate with the foreign morph. Results. Our reciprocal transplant experiment did not show clear local morph advantage in overall visitation rate: local orange Flowers received more visits than foreign yellow Flowers in the orange population, while both local and foreign Flowers received the same visits in the yellow population; thus, there is no evidence of local adaptation in Gentiana lutea to the pollinator assemblage. However, some floral visitor groups (such as Bombus pratorum, B. soroensis ancaricus and B. lapidarius decipiens) consistently preferred the local morph to the foreign morph whereas others (such as Bombus terrestris) consistently preferred the foreign morph. Discussion. We concluded that there is no evidence of local adaptation to the pollinator community in each of the two G. lutea populations studied. The consequences for local adaptation to pollinator on G. lutea Flower Color would depend on the variation along the Cantabrian Mountains range in morph frequency and pollinator community composition.
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Flower Color preferences of insects and livestock effects on gentiana lutea reproductive success
PeerJ, 2016Co-Authors: Mar Sobral, Tania Veiga, Javier Guitian, María Rosa Mosquera Losada, Pablo GuitianAbstract:Angiosperms diversification was primarily driven by pollinator agents, but non-pollinator agents also promoted floral evolution. Gentiana lutea shows pollinator driven Flower Color variation in NW Spain. We test whether insect herbivores and livestock, which frequently feed in G.lutea, play a role in G. lutea Flower Color variation, by answering the following questions: (i) Do insect herbivores and grazing livestock show Flower Color preferences when feeding on G. lutea? (ii) Do mutualists (pollinators) and antagonists (seed predators, insect herbivores and livestock) jointly affect G. lutea reproductive success? Insect herbivores fed more often on yellow Flowering individuals but they did not affect seed production, whereas livestock affected seed production but did not show clear Color preferences. Our data indicate that Flower Color variation of G. lutea is not affected by insect herbivores or grazing livestock.
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selective pressures explain differences in Flower Color among gentiana lutea populations
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Tania Veiga, Javier Guitian, Pablo Guitian, Mar Sobral, Paula Dominguez, José GuitiánAbstract:Flower Color variation among plant populations might reflect adaptation to local conditions such as the interacting animal community. In the northwest Iberian Peninsula, Flower Color of Gentiana lutea varies longitudinally among populations, ranging from orange to yellow. We explored whether Flower Color is locally adapted and the role of pollinators and seed predators as agents of selection by analyzing the influence of Flower Color on (i) pollinator visitation rate and (ii) escape from seed predation and (iii) by testing whether differences in pollinator communities correlate with Flower Color variation across populations. Finally, (iv) we investigated whether variation in selective pressures explains Flower Color variation among 12 G. lutea populations. Flower Color influenced pollinator visits and differences in Flower Color among populations were related to variation in pollinator communities. Selective pressures on Flower Color vary among populations and explain part of Flower Color differences among populations of G. lutea. We conclude that Flower Color in G. lutea is locally adapted and that pollinators play a role in this adaptation.
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are pollinators and seed predators selective agents on Flower Color in gentiana lutea
Evolutionary Ecology, 2015Co-Authors: Tania Veiga, Javier Guitian, Pablo Guitian, José Guitián, Mar SobralAbstract:Animals which interact with plants often cause selective pressures on plant traits. Flower Color variation within a species might be shaped by the action of animals feeding on the plant species. Pollinators might exert natural selection on Color if Flower Color is related to their foraging efficiency. For example, some pollinator species might require more time to detect particular Colors. If that is the case, Flower Color might have evolved as a pollination exploitation barrier—ensuring that Flowers are more visited by the most efficient pollinators. In addition, non-pollinator agents such as predispersal seed predators may select on Flower Color, if Color indicates food resources (seeds) or if Color is related to deterrent compounds. We address selection on Flower Color in a population of Gentiana lutea where Color varies among individuals from yellow to orange. We hypothesize that opposed selection from mutualists (pollinators) and antagonists (predispersal seed predators) maintains Flower Color variation in this population. By means of path analysis we addressed the role of both interactors in Flower Color selection. We found that selection acts on Flower Color, mediated by both pollinators and seed predators. Both agents favored yellow-Flowered individuals, thus selection by pollinators and seed predators does not maintain Flower Color variation in this population.