The Experts below are selected from a list of 51 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pawan Singh Takhar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Hybrid mixture theory based moisture Transport and stress development in corn kernels during drying: Validation and simulation results
Journal of Food Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Pawan Singh Takhar, Dirk E. Maier, Osvaldo H. Campanella, Guibing ChenAbstract:Abstract The moisture Transport and stress development mechanisms were elucidated for corn kernels using numerical solution of three-scale Fluid Transport Equation. The 3D kernel structure was captured using micro-CT scanning and imported into finite elements package. The experimental drying profiles were predicted with reasonable accuracy (R2 = 0.88–0.99 and CV = 3.5–9.5%). During simulations, the region with highest moisture content was observed to be away from the geometric center covering parts of soft-endosperm and germ. The high moisture flux was observed under the pericarp, in soft-endosperm toward top and in region connecting soft-endosperm and germ. The germ due to its lower moisture diffusivity in comparison to hard and soft endosperms, retained higher moisture and exhibited lower moisture flux. These observations agreed with previous magnetic resonance imaging based studies. Intermittent drying simulations indicated that fan on/off strategies with suitable time step-size would be a viable option for drying corn with lower stress-cracking and additional energy savings.
-
Hybrid mixture theory based moisture Transport and stress development in corn kernels during drying: Coupled Fluid Transport and stress Equations
Journal of Food Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Pawan Singh TakharAbstract:In first part, a solution scheme for the multiscale Fluid Transport Equation of Singh et al. (2003a) was developed, which could be easily implemented in a commercial finite elements package for solving swelling/shrinking problems. The solution scheme was applied to drying of corn kernels. Laplace transformation was used to convert the integral part of the Fluid Transport Equation to a set of differential Equations. In materials undergoing volume change during drying, a moving mesh is needed in Eulerian coordinates, which is tedious to implement. An alternate method was used that involved transforming the Equation to stationary Lagrangian coordinates. Once the Equations were solved, the data was transformed back to the moving Eulerian coordinates during post-processing. Corn heterogeneity was taken into account by using different coefficient of diffusivity values for various corn components. To predict stresses, it was assumed that the shape of a kernel remains geometrically similar to its initial shape during drying. Using this assumption a relation between the strain tensor and volume fraction of water was developed. The viscoelastic stress–strain constitutive Equation was used to calculate the magnitude of stresses at different spatial locations inside a corn kernel. In the companion paper (part 2), the experimental validation of the solution, simulation results for various drying conditions and the practical implications are discussed.
Susana Burnes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
CONIELECOMP - Vadose zone hydraulic conductivity monitoring by using an arduino data acquisition system
2018 International Conference on Electronics Communications and Computers (CONIELECOMP), 2018Co-Authors: Pedro Rodriguez Juarez, Hugo E. Junez-ferrerira, Julián González Trinidad, Carlos Galvan E. Tejada, J. Ismael De La Rosa Vargas, Susana BurnesAbstract:In this work the development of a continuous monitoring system for the hydraulic conductivity is presented. The system uses the measurement of temperatures in geological materials at different depths to calculate the water flux rates by using analytical solutions for the Stallman's heat and Fluid Transport Equation. Data from sensors are filtered and phase and amplitude information is extracted by using Digital Signal Processing techniques, such as DHR inside MATLAB environment. A column test was developed to evaluate the system performance and its results were compared against real infiltration data. Initial result shows a good performance (r-RSME = 0.08). After improvements, the system could be installed in the field to monitor water flux rates and hydraulic conductivity in intermittent rivers and areas considered as a recharge zones to study and quantify infiltration volumes.
-
Vadose zone hydraulic conductivity monitoring by using an arduino data acquisition system
2018 International Conference on Electronics Communications and Computers (CONIELECOMP), 2018Co-Authors: Pedro Rodriguez Juarez, Hugo E. Junez-ferrerira, Julián González Trinidad, Ismael J. De La Rosa Vargas, Carlos Galvan E. Tejada, Susana BurnesAbstract:In this work the development of a continuous monitoring system for the hydraulic conductivity is presented. The system uses the measurement of temperatures in geological materials at different depths to calculate the water flux rates by using analytical solutions for the Stallman's heat and Fluid Transport Equation. Data from sensors are filtered and phase and amplitude information is extracted by using Digital Signal Processing techniques, such as DHR inside MATLAB environment. A column test was developed to evaluate the system performance and its results were compared against real infiltration data. Initial result shows a good performance (r-RSME = 0.08). After improvements, the system could be installed in the field to monitor water flux rates and hydraulic conductivity in intermittent rivers and areas considered as a recharge zones to study and quantify infiltration volumes.
Dirk E. Maier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Hybrid mixture theory based moisture Transport and stress development in corn kernels during drying: Validation and simulation results
Journal of Food Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Pawan Singh Takhar, Dirk E. Maier, Osvaldo H. Campanella, Guibing ChenAbstract:Abstract The moisture Transport and stress development mechanisms were elucidated for corn kernels using numerical solution of three-scale Fluid Transport Equation. The 3D kernel structure was captured using micro-CT scanning and imported into finite elements package. The experimental drying profiles were predicted with reasonable accuracy (R2 = 0.88–0.99 and CV = 3.5–9.5%). During simulations, the region with highest moisture content was observed to be away from the geometric center covering parts of soft-endosperm and germ. The high moisture flux was observed under the pericarp, in soft-endosperm toward top and in region connecting soft-endosperm and germ. The germ due to its lower moisture diffusivity in comparison to hard and soft endosperms, retained higher moisture and exhibited lower moisture flux. These observations agreed with previous magnetic resonance imaging based studies. Intermittent drying simulations indicated that fan on/off strategies with suitable time step-size would be a viable option for drying corn with lower stress-cracking and additional energy savings.
-
Effect of viscoelastic relaxation on moisture Transport in foods. Part II: Sorption and drying of soybeans
Journal of Mathematical Biology, 2004Co-Authors: Pawan P. Singh, Dirk E. Maier, John H. Cushman, Osvaldo H. CampanellaAbstract:The general Fluid Transport Equation presented in Part-I of this paper is used for predicting moisture Transport and viscoelastic stresses during sorption and drying of soybeans. Predicted drying curves were validated using experimental data obtained from literature (average absolute difference 6-13%). For drying temperatures used in the soybean processing industry (70–93 °C), smooth moisture profiles were obtained, which indicated Fickian (Darcian) Transport. As the drying temperature approached the glass transition temperature (25 °C at 10% moisture content), the moisture profiles became sharper, which indicated non-Fickian (non-Darcian) Transport. The viscoelastic stress profiles clearly exhibited the role of the force terms during imbibition and drying. Increase in drying temperature tends to decrease the stress relaxation function but reduction in moisture content during drying tends to increase it. The increase in stress due to the reduction in moisture content below 10% was not compensated by an increase in drying temperature. Drying of soybeans below 10% moisture content should be avoided in the industry because this will lead to thicker flakes that reduce the amount of oil recovery. During imbibition of soybeans, a high magnitude of stresses was obtained in the rubbery regions, which may cause critical regions prone to fissuring. The role of glass transition on stress development and critical region development was clearly observed during drying and imbibition of soybeans.
-
Multiscale Fluid Transport theory for swelling biopolymers
Chemical Engineering Science, 2003Co-Authors: Pawan P. Singh, John H. Cushman, Dirk E. MaierAbstract:Fluid flow through a (bio) polymeric matrix has multiscale characteristics and is affected by the relaxation of surrounding polymers. Models developed in the past were either single scale (Polymer (1982) 23 (4) 529; Chemical Engineering Science (1992) 47 (12) 3037) or were limited to systems with a short memory (Achanta, 1995; Moisture Transport in shrinking gels during drying, Ph.D. thesis, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN). To address these limitations, we use the generalized Darcy's law Equations of Singh (Effect of viscoelastic relaxation on Fluid and species Transport in biopolymeric materials, Ph.D. thesis) and the mass balance Equations of Bennethum and Cushman (International Journal of Engineering Science (1996) 34 (2) 125) to develop a multiscale Fluid Transport model. The effect of viscoelastic relaxation of solid polymers on the flow of vicinal (adsorbed) Fluid is considered at the mesoscale. At the macroscale two bulk Fluids are incorporated, one of which is identical to the vicinal Fluid. The mass balance Equations for the vicinal Fluid and its bulk counterpart are coupled via source/sink terms. The resulting Fluid Transport Equation includes a novel integral term related to viscoelastic properties of the biopolymeric matrix. This term incorporates viscoelastic effects with both short and long memory. The model can describe both Darcian (Fickian) and non-Darcian (non-Fickian) modes of Fluid Transport. The model suggests Fluid Transport is Darcian in the rubbery and glassy states when the biopolymers are sufficiently far from the glass transition region. In the proximity of glass transition the flow of Fluids is anomalous or non-Darcian. These predictions are in agreement with the experimental observations of Kim et al. (Chemical Engineering Science (1996) 51 (21) 4827). In spite of its multiscale characteristics, the resulting Transport Equation is simple and can be easily solved. The experimental parameters needed to solve the Equation are the effective diffusivity, a sorption or drying curve and viscoelastic properties of the material.
Pedro Rodriguez Juarez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
CONIELECOMP - Vadose zone hydraulic conductivity monitoring by using an arduino data acquisition system
2018 International Conference on Electronics Communications and Computers (CONIELECOMP), 2018Co-Authors: Pedro Rodriguez Juarez, Hugo E. Junez-ferrerira, Julián González Trinidad, Carlos Galvan E. Tejada, J. Ismael De La Rosa Vargas, Susana BurnesAbstract:In this work the development of a continuous monitoring system for the hydraulic conductivity is presented. The system uses the measurement of temperatures in geological materials at different depths to calculate the water flux rates by using analytical solutions for the Stallman's heat and Fluid Transport Equation. Data from sensors are filtered and phase and amplitude information is extracted by using Digital Signal Processing techniques, such as DHR inside MATLAB environment. A column test was developed to evaluate the system performance and its results were compared against real infiltration data. Initial result shows a good performance (r-RSME = 0.08). After improvements, the system could be installed in the field to monitor water flux rates and hydraulic conductivity in intermittent rivers and areas considered as a recharge zones to study and quantify infiltration volumes.
-
Vadose zone hydraulic conductivity monitoring by using an arduino data acquisition system
2018 International Conference on Electronics Communications and Computers (CONIELECOMP), 2018Co-Authors: Pedro Rodriguez Juarez, Hugo E. Junez-ferrerira, Julián González Trinidad, Ismael J. De La Rosa Vargas, Carlos Galvan E. Tejada, Susana BurnesAbstract:In this work the development of a continuous monitoring system for the hydraulic conductivity is presented. The system uses the measurement of temperatures in geological materials at different depths to calculate the water flux rates by using analytical solutions for the Stallman's heat and Fluid Transport Equation. Data from sensors are filtered and phase and amplitude information is extracted by using Digital Signal Processing techniques, such as DHR inside MATLAB environment. A column test was developed to evaluate the system performance and its results were compared against real infiltration data. Initial result shows a good performance (r-RSME = 0.08). After improvements, the system could be installed in the field to monitor water flux rates and hydraulic conductivity in intermittent rivers and areas considered as a recharge zones to study and quantify infiltration volumes.
Guibing Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Hybrid mixture theory based moisture Transport and stress development in corn kernels during drying: Validation and simulation results
Journal of Food Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Pawan Singh Takhar, Dirk E. Maier, Osvaldo H. Campanella, Guibing ChenAbstract:Abstract The moisture Transport and stress development mechanisms were elucidated for corn kernels using numerical solution of three-scale Fluid Transport Equation. The 3D kernel structure was captured using micro-CT scanning and imported into finite elements package. The experimental drying profiles were predicted with reasonable accuracy (R2 = 0.88–0.99 and CV = 3.5–9.5%). During simulations, the region with highest moisture content was observed to be away from the geometric center covering parts of soft-endosperm and germ. The high moisture flux was observed under the pericarp, in soft-endosperm toward top and in region connecting soft-endosperm and germ. The germ due to its lower moisture diffusivity in comparison to hard and soft endosperms, retained higher moisture and exhibited lower moisture flux. These observations agreed with previous magnetic resonance imaging based studies. Intermittent drying simulations indicated that fan on/off strategies with suitable time step-size would be a viable option for drying corn with lower stress-cracking and additional energy savings.