The Experts below are selected from a list of 270 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Laurie R Godfrey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stable isotopes complement Focal Individual observations and confirm dietary variability in reddish gray mouse lemurs microcebus griseorufus from southwestern madagascar
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2014Co-Authors: Brooke E Crowley, Emilienne Rasoazanabary, Laurie R GodfreyAbstract:We examine the ecology of reddish-gray mouse lemurs from three habitats at Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve using Focal follows and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data. Focal observations indicate dietary differences among habitats as well as sexes and seasons. Both sexes consume more arthropods during the rainy season but overall, females consume more sugar-rich exudates and fruit than males, and Individuals from riparian forest consume fewer arthropods and more fruit than those in xeric or dry forest. We ask whether these observations are isotopically detectable. Isotope data support differences between seasons and sexes. Nitrogen isotope values are higher during the rainy season when lemurs consume more arthropods, and higher in males than females, particularly during the dry season. However, differences among populations inferred from Focal observations are not fully supported. Lemurs from riparian forest have lower isotope values than those in xeric scrub, but isotope data suggest that lemurs from the dry forest eat the least animal matter and that Focal observations overestimated dry forest arthropod consumption. Overall, our results suggest that observational and isotopic data are complementary. Isotope data can be obtained from a larger number of Individuals and can quantify ingestion of animal matter, but they apparently cannot quantify the relative consumption of different sugar-rich foods. Combined Focal and isotope data provide valuable insight into the dietary constraints of reddish-grey mouse lemurs, with implications for their vulnerability to future habitat change. Am J Phys Anthropol 155:77–90, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Stable isotopes complement Focal Individual observations and confirm dietary variability in reddish–gray mouse lemurs (Microcebus griseorufus) from southwestern Madagascar
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2014Co-Authors: Brooke E Crowley, Emilienne Rasoazanabary, Laurie R GodfreyAbstract:We examine the ecology of reddish-gray mouse lemurs from three habitats at Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve using Focal follows and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data. Focal observations indicate dietary differences among habitats as well as sexes and seasons. Both sexes consume more arthropods during the rainy season but overall, females consume more sugar-rich exudates and fruit than males, and Individuals from riparian forest consume fewer arthropods and more fruit than those in xeric or dry forest. We ask whether these observations are isotopically detectable. Isotope data support differences between seasons and sexes. Nitrogen isotope values are higher during the rainy season when lemurs consume more arthropods, and higher in males than females, particularly during the dry season. However, differences among populations inferred from Focal observations are not fully supported. Lemurs from riparian forest have lower isotope values than those in xeric scrub, but isotope data suggest that lemurs from the dry forest eat the least animal matter and that Focal observations overestimated dry forest arthropod consumption. Overall, our results suggest that observational and isotopic data are complementary. Isotope data can be obtained from a larger number of Individuals and can quantify ingestion of animal matter, but they apparently cannot quantify the relative consumption of different sugar-rich foods. Combined Focal and isotope data provide valuable insight into the dietary constraints of reddish-grey mouse lemurs, with implications for their vulnerability to future habitat change. Am J Phys Anthropol 155:77–90, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Brooke E Crowley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stable isotopes complement Focal Individual observations and confirm dietary variability in reddish gray mouse lemurs microcebus griseorufus from southwestern madagascar
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2014Co-Authors: Brooke E Crowley, Emilienne Rasoazanabary, Laurie R GodfreyAbstract:We examine the ecology of reddish-gray mouse lemurs from three habitats at Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve using Focal follows and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data. Focal observations indicate dietary differences among habitats as well as sexes and seasons. Both sexes consume more arthropods during the rainy season but overall, females consume more sugar-rich exudates and fruit than males, and Individuals from riparian forest consume fewer arthropods and more fruit than those in xeric or dry forest. We ask whether these observations are isotopically detectable. Isotope data support differences between seasons and sexes. Nitrogen isotope values are higher during the rainy season when lemurs consume more arthropods, and higher in males than females, particularly during the dry season. However, differences among populations inferred from Focal observations are not fully supported. Lemurs from riparian forest have lower isotope values than those in xeric scrub, but isotope data suggest that lemurs from the dry forest eat the least animal matter and that Focal observations overestimated dry forest arthropod consumption. Overall, our results suggest that observational and isotopic data are complementary. Isotope data can be obtained from a larger number of Individuals and can quantify ingestion of animal matter, but they apparently cannot quantify the relative consumption of different sugar-rich foods. Combined Focal and isotope data provide valuable insight into the dietary constraints of reddish-grey mouse lemurs, with implications for their vulnerability to future habitat change. Am J Phys Anthropol 155:77–90, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Stable isotopes complement Focal Individual observations and confirm dietary variability in reddish–gray mouse lemurs (Microcebus griseorufus) from southwestern Madagascar
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2014Co-Authors: Brooke E Crowley, Emilienne Rasoazanabary, Laurie R GodfreyAbstract:We examine the ecology of reddish-gray mouse lemurs from three habitats at Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve using Focal follows and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data. Focal observations indicate dietary differences among habitats as well as sexes and seasons. Both sexes consume more arthropods during the rainy season but overall, females consume more sugar-rich exudates and fruit than males, and Individuals from riparian forest consume fewer arthropods and more fruit than those in xeric or dry forest. We ask whether these observations are isotopically detectable. Isotope data support differences between seasons and sexes. Nitrogen isotope values are higher during the rainy season when lemurs consume more arthropods, and higher in males than females, particularly during the dry season. However, differences among populations inferred from Focal observations are not fully supported. Lemurs from riparian forest have lower isotope values than those in xeric scrub, but isotope data suggest that lemurs from the dry forest eat the least animal matter and that Focal observations overestimated dry forest arthropod consumption. Overall, our results suggest that observational and isotopic data are complementary. Isotope data can be obtained from a larger number of Individuals and can quantify ingestion of animal matter, but they apparently cannot quantify the relative consumption of different sugar-rich foods. Combined Focal and isotope data provide valuable insight into the dietary constraints of reddish-grey mouse lemurs, with implications for their vulnerability to future habitat change. Am J Phys Anthropol 155:77–90, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Emilienne Rasoazanabary - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stable isotopes complement Focal Individual observations and confirm dietary variability in reddish gray mouse lemurs microcebus griseorufus from southwestern madagascar
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2014Co-Authors: Brooke E Crowley, Emilienne Rasoazanabary, Laurie R GodfreyAbstract:We examine the ecology of reddish-gray mouse lemurs from three habitats at Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve using Focal follows and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data. Focal observations indicate dietary differences among habitats as well as sexes and seasons. Both sexes consume more arthropods during the rainy season but overall, females consume more sugar-rich exudates and fruit than males, and Individuals from riparian forest consume fewer arthropods and more fruit than those in xeric or dry forest. We ask whether these observations are isotopically detectable. Isotope data support differences between seasons and sexes. Nitrogen isotope values are higher during the rainy season when lemurs consume more arthropods, and higher in males than females, particularly during the dry season. However, differences among populations inferred from Focal observations are not fully supported. Lemurs from riparian forest have lower isotope values than those in xeric scrub, but isotope data suggest that lemurs from the dry forest eat the least animal matter and that Focal observations overestimated dry forest arthropod consumption. Overall, our results suggest that observational and isotopic data are complementary. Isotope data can be obtained from a larger number of Individuals and can quantify ingestion of animal matter, but they apparently cannot quantify the relative consumption of different sugar-rich foods. Combined Focal and isotope data provide valuable insight into the dietary constraints of reddish-grey mouse lemurs, with implications for their vulnerability to future habitat change. Am J Phys Anthropol 155:77–90, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Stable isotopes complement Focal Individual observations and confirm dietary variability in reddish–gray mouse lemurs (Microcebus griseorufus) from southwestern Madagascar
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 2014Co-Authors: Brooke E Crowley, Emilienne Rasoazanabary, Laurie R GodfreyAbstract:We examine the ecology of reddish-gray mouse lemurs from three habitats at Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve using Focal follows and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope data. Focal observations indicate dietary differences among habitats as well as sexes and seasons. Both sexes consume more arthropods during the rainy season but overall, females consume more sugar-rich exudates and fruit than males, and Individuals from riparian forest consume fewer arthropods and more fruit than those in xeric or dry forest. We ask whether these observations are isotopically detectable. Isotope data support differences between seasons and sexes. Nitrogen isotope values are higher during the rainy season when lemurs consume more arthropods, and higher in males than females, particularly during the dry season. However, differences among populations inferred from Focal observations are not fully supported. Lemurs from riparian forest have lower isotope values than those in xeric scrub, but isotope data suggest that lemurs from the dry forest eat the least animal matter and that Focal observations overestimated dry forest arthropod consumption. Overall, our results suggest that observational and isotopic data are complementary. Isotope data can be obtained from a larger number of Individuals and can quantify ingestion of animal matter, but they apparently cannot quantify the relative consumption of different sugar-rich foods. Combined Focal and isotope data provide valuable insight into the dietary constraints of reddish-grey mouse lemurs, with implications for their vulnerability to future habitat change. Am J Phys Anthropol 155:77–90, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Andrea Manica - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The role of previous social experience on risk-taking and leadership in three-spined sticklebacks
Behavioral Ecology, 2014Co-Authors: Jolle Wolter Jolles, Rufus A. Johnstone, Adeline Fleetwood-wilson, Shinnosuke Nakayama, Martin C. Stumpe, Andrea ManicaAbstract:The emergence of leaders and followers is a key factor in facilitating group cohesion in animals. Individual group members have been shown to respond strongly to each other’s behavior and thereby affect the emergence and maintenance of these social roles. However, it is not known to what extent previous social experience might still affect Individual’s leading and following tendencies in later social interactions. Here, by pairing three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) with 2 different consecutive partners, we show a carryover effect of a previous partner’s personality on the behavior of Focal Individuals when paired with a new partner. This carryover effect depended on the relative boldness of the Focal Individual. Relatively bold but not shy fish spent less time out of cover and led their current partner less if they had previously been paired with a bolder partner. By contrast, following behavior was mainly influenced by the personality of the current partner. Overall, the behavior of relatively bold fish was more consistent across the stages, whereas shy fish changed their behavior more strongly depending on the current context. These findings emphasize how the history of previous social interactions can play a role in the emergence and maintenance of social roles within groups, providing an additional route for Individual differences to affect collective behavior.
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Personality counts: the effect of boldness on shoal choice in three-spined sticklebacks
Animal Behaviour, 2009Co-Authors: Jennifer L. Harcourt, Gemma Sweetman, Rufus A. Johnstone, Andrea ManicaAbstract:The grouping behaviour of fish is a widespread phenomenon of high biological significance but little is known as to how consistent Individual behavioural differences may affect group joining preferences. When given the option to join either a shy or a bold shoal of three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, both shy and bold Individuals showed a strong preference for associating with bold fish. Personality type interacted with Individual hunger levels to affect the extent of association, suggesting important strategy variation by Focal fish in a competitive foraging environment. Furthermore, shoals modified their behaviour in relation to the Focal Individual. Individual behavioural differences were shown to have a complex role in influencing association preferences as well as driving previously unrecognized behavioural modifications in foraging groups.
Ian Lundberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Does Opportunity Skip Generations? Reassessing Evidence From Sibling and Cousin Correlations
Demography, 2020Co-Authors: Ian LundbergAbstract:Sibling (cousin) correlations are empirically straightforward: they capture the degree to which siblings’ (cousins’) socioeconomic outcomes are similar. At face value, these quantities seem to summarize something about how families constrain opportunity. Their meaning, however, is complicated. One empirical set of sibling and cousin correlations can be generated from a multitude of distinct theoretical processes. I illustrate this problem in the context of multigenerational mobility: the relationship between the incomes of an ancestor and a descendant separated by several generations in a family. When cousins’ outcomes are similar (an empirical fact), prior authors have favored the particular theoretical interpretation that extended kin affect life chances through pathways not involving the parents of the Focal Individual. I show that this evidence is consistent with alternative theories of latent transmission (measurement error) or dynamic transmission (a parent-to-child transmission process that changes over generations). Theoretical assumptions are required to lend meaning to a point estimate. Further, I show that point estimates alone may be misleading because they can be highly uncertain. To facilitate uncertainty estimation for the key test statistic, I develop a Bayesian procedure to estimate sibling and cousin correlations. I conclude by outlining how future research might use sibling and cousin correlations as effective descriptive quantities while remaining cognizant that these quantities could arise from a variety of distinct theoretical processes.