The Experts below are selected from a list of 11901 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tara F Deubel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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persistent hunger perspectives on vulnerability famine and Food security in sub saharan africa
Social Science Research Network, 2008Co-Authors: Mamadou Baro, Tara F DeubelAbstract:This review examines the persistence of chronic hunger in Sub-Saharan Africa in the twenty-first century and reviews dominant famine theories, concepts of vulnerability, and household livelihood security and responses to recent Food crises in the region. The authors argue that famine occurrences are linked to historical and contemporary socioeconomic processes that have increased over time the vulnerability of African households to hunger and reduced their resilience to environmental and economic shocks, political conflict, and the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS. Approaches to famine need to move away from the "emergency relief" framework to better address the underlying conditions that make Food Shortages endemic. Future Food security for Africa requires an integrated long-term response to household vulnerability on the part of African governments, civil society, and international partners by incorporating new technologies, local expertise, and active involvement of African communities living with the realities of recurrent famine.
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persistent hunger perspectives on vulnerability famine and Food security in sub saharan africa
Annual Review of Anthropology, 2006Co-Authors: Mamadou Baro, Tara F DeubelAbstract:AbstractThis review examines the persistence of chronic hunger in Sub-Saharan Africa in the twenty-first century and reviews dominant famine theories, concepts of vulnerability, and household livelihood security and responses to recent Food crises in the region. The authors argue that famine occurrences are linked to historical and contemporary socioeconomic processes that have increased over time the vulnerability of African households to hunger and reduced their resilience to environmental and economic shocks, political conflict, and the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS. Approaches to famine need to move away from the “emergency relief” framework to better address the underlying conditions that make Food Shortages endemic. Future Food security for Africa requires an integrated long-term response to household vulnerability on the part of African governments, civil society, and international partners by incorporating new technologies, local expertise, and active involvement of African communities living with the ...
Mamadou Baro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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persistent hunger perspectives on vulnerability famine and Food security in sub saharan africa
Social Science Research Network, 2008Co-Authors: Mamadou Baro, Tara F DeubelAbstract:This review examines the persistence of chronic hunger in Sub-Saharan Africa in the twenty-first century and reviews dominant famine theories, concepts of vulnerability, and household livelihood security and responses to recent Food crises in the region. The authors argue that famine occurrences are linked to historical and contemporary socioeconomic processes that have increased over time the vulnerability of African households to hunger and reduced their resilience to environmental and economic shocks, political conflict, and the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS. Approaches to famine need to move away from the "emergency relief" framework to better address the underlying conditions that make Food Shortages endemic. Future Food security for Africa requires an integrated long-term response to household vulnerability on the part of African governments, civil society, and international partners by incorporating new technologies, local expertise, and active involvement of African communities living with the realities of recurrent famine.
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persistent hunger perspectives on vulnerability famine and Food security in sub saharan africa
Annual Review of Anthropology, 2006Co-Authors: Mamadou Baro, Tara F DeubelAbstract:AbstractThis review examines the persistence of chronic hunger in Sub-Saharan Africa in the twenty-first century and reviews dominant famine theories, concepts of vulnerability, and household livelihood security and responses to recent Food crises in the region. The authors argue that famine occurrences are linked to historical and contemporary socioeconomic processes that have increased over time the vulnerability of African households to hunger and reduced their resilience to environmental and economic shocks, political conflict, and the rapid spread of HIV/AIDS. Approaches to famine need to move away from the “emergency relief” framework to better address the underlying conditions that make Food Shortages endemic. Future Food security for Africa requires an integrated long-term response to household vulnerability on the part of African governments, civil society, and international partners by incorporating new technologies, local expertise, and active involvement of African communities living with the ...
Miranda A L Van Tilburg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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covid 19 related personal product Shortages are associated with psychological distress in people living with gastrointestinal disorders a cross sectional survey
Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2021Co-Authors: Antonina Mikockawalus, David Skvarc, Miranda A L Van Tilburg, Manuel Barreirode Acosta, Floor Bennebroek Evertsz, Charles N Bernstein, Johan Burisch, Nuno FerreiraAbstract:Background The mental health response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic-related product Shortages in those living with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disorders has received little attention. We aimed to explore the association between the pandemic-related product Shortages and psychological distress in people with GI disorders. Methods This online cross-sectional survey was nested within an ongoing, international, prospective study of well-being in people with GI disorders. The study was advertised in multiple countries in May-September 2020 via patient organizations and social media. The primary outcome measure was distress, evaluated by the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. We utilized linear regressions, adjusting for covariates and testing individual moderation effects. Key results Overall, 831 people completed the survey from 27 countries, of whom 82% were female (mean age = 49 years). The most common disorders included inflammatory bowel disease (n = 322), celiac disease (n = 273), and irritable bowel syndrome (n = 260). Significant problems accessing Food were reported by 19.8%, non-medical therapies by 16%, toilet paper by 10.8%, and essential medication by 8.9% of the sample (>5% pain medication). There was a positive association between toilet paper and pain medication Shortages and distress, and a negative association between Food Shortages and distress. Significant moderation effects were identified for COVID-19 prevalence and toilet paper and Food Shortages, and between COVID-19 fear and pain medication Shortages. Conclusions and inferences The study documented a significant relationship between product Shortages and psychological distress, which were associated with COVID-19 prevalence and fear. Strategies addressing COVID-19 fear could potentially modify the relationship between Shortages and distress.
John F Piatt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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corticosterone facilitates begging and affects resource allocation in the black legged kittiwake
Behavioral Ecology, 2001Co-Authors: Alexander S Kitaysky, John C Wingfield, John F PiattAbstract:Parent black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) and their dependent chicks respond to Food Shortages by increasing circulating levels of corticosterone. To examine the behavioral significance of corticosterone release, we experimentally increased levels of circulating corticosterone in parents and chicks up to the levels observed during Food Shortages. We found that corticosteroneimplanted chicks begged more frequently than sham-implanted controls. Corticosterone-implanted chicks in broods of two begged more frequently than singletons. Parent kittiwakes then responded to the increase in corticosterone levels in their chicks by increasing chick-feeding rates. However, feeding rates were not different among corticosterone-implanted chicks in broods of two and singletons. We also found that corticosterone-implanted parents spent more time away from the nest—perhaps foraging—and less time brooding/guarding chicks than sham-implanted controls. Untreated mates of the corticosterone-implanted bird did not compensate for the change in their partner’s behavior; consequently, chicks were left unattended about 20% of the time compared to 1% at the control nests. However, corticosterone-implanted parents did not decrease their chickfeeding rates. Our findings suggest two functional implications of the increased corticosterone secretion during Food Shortages in the black-legged kittiwake: it facilitates begging in chicks, and it affects time allocated by parents to guarding young at the nest. Thus, release of corticosterone might provide a mechanistic link between physiological condition and behavioral interactions among adults and their young. Key words: begging, corticosterone, Food stress, kittiwakes, parent-offspring conflict, Rissa tridactyla, seabirds. [Behav Ecol 12:619–625 (2001)]
Nuno Ferreira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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covid 19 related personal product Shortages are associated with psychological distress in people living with gastrointestinal disorders a cross sectional survey
Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2021Co-Authors: Antonina Mikockawalus, David Skvarc, Miranda A L Van Tilburg, Manuel Barreirode Acosta, Floor Bennebroek Evertsz, Charles N Bernstein, Johan Burisch, Nuno FerreiraAbstract:Background The mental health response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic-related product Shortages in those living with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) disorders has received little attention. We aimed to explore the association between the pandemic-related product Shortages and psychological distress in people with GI disorders. Methods This online cross-sectional survey was nested within an ongoing, international, prospective study of well-being in people with GI disorders. The study was advertised in multiple countries in May-September 2020 via patient organizations and social media. The primary outcome measure was distress, evaluated by the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale. We utilized linear regressions, adjusting for covariates and testing individual moderation effects. Key results Overall, 831 people completed the survey from 27 countries, of whom 82% were female (mean age = 49 years). The most common disorders included inflammatory bowel disease (n = 322), celiac disease (n = 273), and irritable bowel syndrome (n = 260). Significant problems accessing Food were reported by 19.8%, non-medical therapies by 16%, toilet paper by 10.8%, and essential medication by 8.9% of the sample (>5% pain medication). There was a positive association between toilet paper and pain medication Shortages and distress, and a negative association between Food Shortages and distress. Significant moderation effects were identified for COVID-19 prevalence and toilet paper and Food Shortages, and between COVID-19 fear and pain medication Shortages. Conclusions and inferences The study documented a significant relationship between product Shortages and psychological distress, which were associated with COVID-19 prevalence and fear. Strategies addressing COVID-19 fear could potentially modify the relationship between Shortages and distress.