The Experts below are selected from a list of 324 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tom P Evans - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Smallholder Food Storage dynamics and resilience
Food Security, 2019Co-Authors: Kurt B Waldman, Stacey Giroux, Jordan P. Blekking, Kathy Baylis, Tom P EvansAbstract:For smallholder farmers in developing countries, agricultural production is seasonal yet Food demand is constant throughout the year. One fundamental agricultural decision is how much harvest to sell versus store for subsequent household consumption. Little is known about the temporal dimensions of grain Storage, the extent to which Storage levels vary over time, and the diversity of Food Storage patterns across different household types. This paper examines household level maize Storage consumption, sales, and purchases using weekly Food Storage data collected via text message. We demonstrate how high frequency data can be used to measure rates and patterns of Food Storage decline, identify thresholds of Food security, and anticipate future periods of Food insecurity at a fine spatial scale.
Andrea L. Hicks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Nanosilver-Enabled Food Storage Container Tradeoffs: Environmental Impacts Versus Food Savings Benefit, Informed by Literature.
Integrated environmental assessment and management, 2018Co-Authors: Edward I. Westerband, Andrea L. HicksAbstract:Globally, thousands of tons of Food are lost each year due to spoilage and degraded quality. This loss is a current critical issue that must be addressed to ensure adequate Food supply for the growing world population; the use of technology and regulatory practices are avenues to a solution. One considered approach is the reduction of the microorganism population on the surface of Food products to delay spoilage through the use of antimicrobials. One current method is the use of the antimicrobial properties of nanoscale silver (nAg) particles to prolong the freshness of stored Food by reducing the bacteria present. Nanoscale silver-enabled Food Storage containers present a potential solution to the Food loss problem; nevertheless, their environmental and human health effects have been questioned by the scientific community. Literature is used to generate data for the life cycle impact assessment of these types of products and their corresponding environmental effects. The benefits of nAg-enabled Food Storage containers are considered with respect to their potential to extend the shelf life of stored Food and prevent Food spoilage. The results illustrate that the environmental effects of nano-enabling Food Storage containers with silver is small (when the initial silver concentration is relatively low, less than 1% by mass) compared with the overall environmental effects of Food Storage containers and also relatively small compared with the environmental effects of producing the stored Food. This finding suggests that the added environmental burden of nano-enabling Food Storage containers may be small when compared with the environmental burden of Food losses. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:769-776. © 2018 SETAC.
-
Life cycle impact of nanosilver polymer-Food Storage containers as a case study informed by literature review
Environmental Science: Nano, 2018Co-Authors: Edward I. Westerband, Andrea L. HicksAbstract:Four hundred tons of silver nanoparticles are produced annually on a global scale. More than 25% of the consumer products that contain nanomaterials claim to have nano-scale silver (nAg), making it common in nanoenabled products, with Food Storage containers as one application. The antimicrobial property of nAg in these products helps to prolong the freshness of the stored Food, thus potentially reducing Food waste. Studies have found the migration of nAg from polymer nanocomposite Food Storage containers into the stored Food to occur, which represents a concern to both the environment and public health. In this work, a midpoint life cycle assessment (LCA) is utilized in a cradle to grave capacity to compare the environmental and human health impacts of nAg enabled polymer Food Storage containers (at two different nAg concentrations) with their conventional counterpart. The electricity usage during the washing phase of a single nAg container represents the highest impact in almost all the ten categories due to the associated fossil fuel usage, while the impact related to the nAg leaching from this phase is insignificant in any scenario. This study demonstrates an increase in the overall environmental impact related to the integration of nAg on Food Storage containers compared to conventional Food Storage containers, however it was found to be very small (less than 1.6% of the total environmental impact). This work suggests that the environmental impact of nAg enabling Food Storage containers is fairly small, which may have implications for future Food Storage applications.
Kate Mccurdy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Wilderness Food Storage in Yosemite: Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Understand Backpacker Canister Use
Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 2009Co-Authors: Steven Martin, Kate MccurdyAbstract:Bear-resistant Food Storage canisters have gained widespread acceptance by backpackers as the most convenient and effective means of avoiding conflict with black bears in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas. Bear incidents, however, continue in the Yosemite Wilderness. Beginning in 2004, Yosemite backpackers were required to store their Food in approved bear-resistant Food Storage canisters when camped within seven air miles of a road and anywhere above 9,600 feet; this constitutes a large majority of the park's wilderness. In 2005 we evaluated backpackers' use of canisters for Food Storage. Trailhead and Internet-based surveys were used to identify wilderness visitors' beliefs, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived control, and intentions regarding use of Food Storage canisters. We used the Theory of Planned Behavior to explain intended use of Food Storage canisters in the Yosemite Wilderness and found that models containing measures of attitudes and subjective norm explained 38 to 43% of backpackers' intent...
Maisy Wong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Evaluating Seasonal Food Storage and Credit Programs in East
2015Co-Authors: Karna Basu, Maisy WongAbstract:Predictable annual lean seasons occur in many rural areas, including West Timor in Indonesia. Imperfections in savings and credit markets make it difficult for staple farmers to convert harvest season output into lean season consumption. We conduct a randomized evaluation of a seasonal Food Storage program and a Food credit program. By providing improved ways to transfer assets across seasons, each program functions as a subsidy on lean season consumption. We find that neither program had effects on staple Food consumption. The Storage program increased nonFood consumption. The credit program increased reported income and reduced seasonal gaps in consumption. Our results are consistent with positive income effects through the expansion of budget sets, but suggest that the average household could be close to staple Food satiation.
-
Evaluating Seasonal Food Storage and Credit Programs in East Indonesia
Journal of Development Economics, 2015Co-Authors: Karna Basu, Maisy WongAbstract:Abstract Predictable annual lean seasons occur in many rural areas, including West Timor in Indonesia. Imperfections in savings and credit markets make it difficult for staple farmers to convert harvest season output into lean season consumption. We conduct a randomized evaluation of a seasonal Food Storage program and a Food credit program. By providing improved ways to transfer assets across seasons, each program functions as a subsidy on lean season consumption. We find that neither program had effects on staple Food consumption. The Storage program increased non-Food consumption. The credit program increased reported income and reduced seasonal gaps in consumption. Our results are consistent with positive income effects through the expansion of budget sets, but suggest that the average household could be close to staple Food satiation.
Steven Martin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Wilderness Food Storage Are Bear-resistant Food Storage Canisters Effective?
2010Co-Authors: Steven MartinAbstract:By way of three visitor surveys, we evaluated the effectiveness of visitor use of Food Storage canisters in deterring bear-human interactions in Yosemite National Park. We found that although 87% of respondents reported using a canister on their trip, only 62% reported full compli- ance by fitting all their Food, trash, and toiletries into their canisters on every night of the trip. The main issues are overflow and inadvertently leaving items sitting out or in packs or tents, which led to incidents in which bears obtained Food. The overflow issue is largely due to backpackers not real- izing how much space their Food will take up, or conversely underestimating the actual capacity of a Food Storage canister. Although the rate of carrying canisters is high, the actual rate of full compli- ance with Food Storage regulations is much lower. Bear-human conflicts are likely to continue as long as ineffective canister use and practices such as hanging, hiding or guarding Food continue, even at low levels, especially in highly visited backcountry sites.
-
Wilderness Food Storage in Yosemite: Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Understand Backpacker Canister Use
Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 2009Co-Authors: Steven Martin, Kate MccurdyAbstract:Bear-resistant Food Storage canisters have gained widespread acceptance by backpackers as the most convenient and effective means of avoiding conflict with black bears in Sierra Nevada wilderness areas. Bear incidents, however, continue in the Yosemite Wilderness. Beginning in 2004, Yosemite backpackers were required to store their Food in approved bear-resistant Food Storage canisters when camped within seven air miles of a road and anywhere above 9,600 feet; this constitutes a large majority of the park's wilderness. In 2005 we evaluated backpackers' use of canisters for Food Storage. Trailhead and Internet-based surveys were used to identify wilderness visitors' beliefs, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived control, and intentions regarding use of Food Storage canisters. We used the Theory of Planned Behavior to explain intended use of Food Storage canisters in the Yosemite Wilderness and found that models containing measures of attitudes and subjective norm explained 38 to 43% of backpackers' intent...