The Experts below are selected from a list of 168 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Luisa M S Borges - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a laboratory assay for measuring Feeding and mortality of the marine wood borer limnoria under Forced Feeding conditions a basis for a standard test method
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2009Co-Authors: Simon M. Cragg, Luisa M S Borges, S BuschAbstract:Abstract Quick simple testing methods are needed to evaluate alternative wood materials for marine construction because traditional borer resistant materials are becoming scarce or are no longer permitted due to concerns over environmental emissions of preservatives. Laboratory tests can provide species-specific information on rates of wood biodeterioration by wood borers under optimum conditions, in contrast to field trials where more than one borer species may be present and conditions are variable. The methodology described herein relies on the assumption that faecal pellet production rate in limnoriids must match Feeding rate quite closely. Thus, the number of faecal pellets produced by individual specimens of Limnoria quadripunctata, while Feeding on a non-durable and non-toxic wood species – Pinus sylvestris sapwood – in different test conditions, was monitored over a period of 15 days. Mortality and moulting were also registered. Several variables likely to affect survival and Feeding rates were investigated in order to optimise the test conditions. Temperature and salinity regime affected both survival and Feeding rates while moulting cycle affected Feeding rates. The optimisation of this test methodology aims to provide the basis for a standard laboratory test with the wood-boring crustacean Limnoria.
S Busch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a laboratory assay for measuring Feeding and mortality of the marine wood borer limnoria under Forced Feeding conditions a basis for a standard test method
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2009Co-Authors: Simon M. Cragg, Luisa M S Borges, S BuschAbstract:Abstract Quick simple testing methods are needed to evaluate alternative wood materials for marine construction because traditional borer resistant materials are becoming scarce or are no longer permitted due to concerns over environmental emissions of preservatives. Laboratory tests can provide species-specific information on rates of wood biodeterioration by wood borers under optimum conditions, in contrast to field trials where more than one borer species may be present and conditions are variable. The methodology described herein relies on the assumption that faecal pellet production rate in limnoriids must match Feeding rate quite closely. Thus, the number of faecal pellets produced by individual specimens of Limnoria quadripunctata, while Feeding on a non-durable and non-toxic wood species – Pinus sylvestris sapwood – in different test conditions, was monitored over a period of 15 days. Mortality and moulting were also registered. Several variables likely to affect survival and Feeding rates were investigated in order to optimise the test conditions. Temperature and salinity regime affected both survival and Feeding rates while moulting cycle affected Feeding rates. The optimisation of this test methodology aims to provide the basis for a standard laboratory test with the wood-boring crustacean Limnoria.
Simon M. Cragg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a laboratory assay for measuring Feeding and mortality of the marine wood borer limnoria under Forced Feeding conditions a basis for a standard test method
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2009Co-Authors: Simon M. Cragg, Luisa M S Borges, S BuschAbstract:Abstract Quick simple testing methods are needed to evaluate alternative wood materials for marine construction because traditional borer resistant materials are becoming scarce or are no longer permitted due to concerns over environmental emissions of preservatives. Laboratory tests can provide species-specific information on rates of wood biodeterioration by wood borers under optimum conditions, in contrast to field trials where more than one borer species may be present and conditions are variable. The methodology described herein relies on the assumption that faecal pellet production rate in limnoriids must match Feeding rate quite closely. Thus, the number of faecal pellets produced by individual specimens of Limnoria quadripunctata, while Feeding on a non-durable and non-toxic wood species – Pinus sylvestris sapwood – in different test conditions, was monitored over a period of 15 days. Mortality and moulting were also registered. Several variables likely to affect survival and Feeding rates were investigated in order to optimise the test conditions. Temperature and salinity regime affected both survival and Feeding rates while moulting cycle affected Feeding rates. The optimisation of this test methodology aims to provide the basis for a standard laboratory test with the wood-boring crustacean Limnoria.
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contribution of hardness to the natural resistance of a range of wood species to attack by the marine borer limnoria
Holzforschung, 2007Co-Authors: Simon M. Cragg, Cedric Danjon, Hugh MansfieldwilliamsAbstract:This study set out to determine whether wood surface hardness plays a role in determining the resistance to Limnoria attack. The Feeding rates of the wood-boring crustacean Limnoria quadripunctata on matchstick-sized samples of a range of timbers were assessed by measuring the production of faecal pellets under Forced Feeding conditions. Pellet production rates varied significantly between wood species, with production on Lophira alata (ekki) 25-fold lower than that on non-durable Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) sapwood. The surface hardness of the timbers was measured for air-dry and seawater-soaked samples using a microindentation technique. The force required for a universal testing machine to drive a 150-μm-diameter pin 1.2 mm into the samples was measured. For all wood species, the hardness of seawater-soaked wood was lower than that of air-dry wood. Hardness was found to correlate positively with density. Pellet production rates showed a significant negative correlation with hardness across the range of species used, but if the denser species alone were considered, wood species significantly affected the rate, but hardness did not. In view of these observations, tests on resistance to attack by Limnoria should include a denser, non-durable wood species for comparison, as its hardness would likely be more similar to that of the durable species.
Teresa Gollas-galván - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessing the viability of necrotizing hepatopancreatitis bacterium (NHPB) stored at − 20 °C for use in Forced-Feeding infection of Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei
Aquaculture, 2010Co-Authors: Martina Hilda Gracia-valenzuela, Luz Angélica Avila-villa, Gloria Yepiz-plascencia, Jorge Hernández-lópez, Fernando Mendoza-cano, Guillermina García-sánchez, Teresa Gollas-galvánAbstract:Abstract Hepatopancreatitis is a severe disease of cultivated penaeid shrimp caused by a bacterium called necrotizing hepatopancreatitis bacterium (NHPB). There are currently no techniques available to recover and isolate NHPB from cell lines or artificial culture medium. The aim of this study was to develop a method for collection and long-term storage of NHP-infected material without ultra freezing processes. Our method involved collection and freezing of NHPB-infected hepatopancreas tissue (HP) at − 20 °C, using glycerol as a cryoprotectant. This infective material was later used to orally infect shrimp. The viability of the NHPB extracts stored for 14 months in cryoprotectant at − 20 °C was tested by infecting healthy shrimp. Infection progress was monitored by PCR analysis of feces and by scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, we developed a Forced-Feeding infection procedure to transmit the disease. This type of infection method should allow for greater homogeneity and reproducibility in experimental procedures involving transmission of NHPB to Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei shrimp. Forced-Feeding procedure provided more efficient transmission than other previously reported methods. Our findings indicate that in vivo continuous propagation is not required to have a source of viable NHPB. The approach provides an easier, more economically advantageous and more feasible method for experimental infection for NHPB studies.
Teresa Gollasgalvan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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assessing the viability of necrotizing hepatopancreatitis bacterium nhpb stored at 20 c for use in Forced Feeding infection of penaeus litopenaeus vannamei
Aquaculture, 2011Co-Authors: Martina Hilda Graciavalenzuela, Luz Angelica Avilavilla, Gloria Yepizplascencia, Jorge Hernandezlopez, Fernando Mendozacano, Guillermina Garciasanchez, Teresa GollasgalvanAbstract:Abstract Hepatopancreatitis is a severe disease of cultivated penaeid shrimp caused by a bacterium called necrotizing hepatopancreatitis bacterium (NHPB). There are currently no techniques available to recover and isolate NHPB from cell lines or artificial culture medium. The aim of this study was to develop a method for collection and long-term storage of NHP-infected material without ultra freezing processes. Our method involved collection and freezing of NHPB-infected hepatopancreas tissue (HP) at − 20 °C, using glycerol as a cryoprotectant. This infective material was later used to orally infect shrimp. The viability of the NHPB extracts stored for 14 months in cryoprotectant at − 20 °C was tested by infecting healthy shrimp. Infection progress was monitored by PCR analysis of feces and by scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, we developed a Forced-Feeding infection procedure to transmit the disease. This type of infection method should allow for greater homogeneity and reproducibility in experimental procedures involving transmission of NHPB to Penaeus (Litopenaeus) vannamei shrimp. Forced-Feeding procedure provided more efficient transmission than other previously reported methods. Our findings indicate that in vivo continuous propagation is not required to have a source of viable NHPB. The approach provides an easier, more economically advantageous and more feasible method for experimental infection for NHPB studies.