The Experts below are selected from a list of 124353 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Gabriela Corsano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integrated approach for the bucking and Production planning problems in Forest industry
Computers & Chemical Engineering, 2019Co-Authors: Nicolas Vanzetti, Diego Ricardo Broz, Jorge Marcelo Montagna, Gabriela CorsanoAbstract:Abstract The appropriate integration among Production activities is a key factor for the development of the Forest industry in the northeast of Argentina. Sawmills are one of the main logs consumers. However, Production planning of sawmills has been managed independently of the Forest Production. In this work, a mixed integer linear programming formulation is proposed in order to achieve an adequate logs supply that allows carrying out an efficient lumber Production plan. Bucking decisions, as the number of stems to be harvested and the employed bucking patterns, are jointly solved with sawmill planning decisions, like the number and type of processed logs and the used cutting patterns, in order to fulfill the boards demands maximizing the net profit along the time horizon composed by several time periods (days). Through examples, the capabilities of the proposed approach are highlighted and the computational results are analyzed.
Juan C. Corley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ORIGINAL PAPER Temperature explains variable spread rates of the invasive woodwasp Sirex noctilio in the Southern Hemisphere
2016Co-Authors: M. Victoria, Andrew M. Liebhold, Jeffrey R. Garnas, Philip Croft, A J Carnegie, Lantschner Jose, M. Villacide, Juan C. CorleyAbstract:Abstract The frequency of introductions of non-indigenous Forest insects into new habitats is increas-ing worldwide, often with profoundly adverse conse-quences on natural and plantation Forest ecosystems. Understanding rates and patterns of spread of invasive Forest insects is important for predicting when and where these species will expand their geographical range, with the potential to improve mitigation strategies. The woodwasp Sirex noctilio is a damaging invasive Forest insect that kills numerous species of Pinus. Despite encountering highly variable eco-climatic conditions, S. noctilio has arrived and established in exotic pine Forest Production areas throughout the Southern Hemisphere. In this study, we compiled historical records of S. noctilio invasion to compare spread rates among eight contrasting eco-climatic regions in the Southern Hemisphere and to explore how spread rate is predicted by landscape variation in climate, habitat characteristics and anthro-pogenic effects. Spread rates for S. noctilio varied considerably among the invaded regions, ranging from 12 to 82 km per year. Among regions, spread rates of S. noctilio increased with increasing mean annual temperature and isothermality. We hypothesize that temperature may directly or indirectly influence S. noctilio population growth and dispersal, thereby influencing spread rates
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temperature explains variable spread rates of the invasive woodwasp sirex noctilio in the southern hemisphere
Biological Invasions, 2014Co-Authors: Victoria M Lantschner, Andrew M. Liebhold, Jeffrey R. Garnas, Jose M Villacide, Philip Croft, A J Carnegie, Juan C. CorleyAbstract:The frequency of introductions of non-indigenous Forest insects into new habitats is increasing worldwide, often with profoundly adverse consequences on natural and plantation Forest ecosystems. Understanding rates and patterns of spread of invasive Forest insects is important for predicting when and where these species will expand their geographical range, with the potential to improve mitigation strategies. The woodwasp Sirex noctilio is a damaging invasive Forest insect that kills numerous species of Pinus. Despite encountering highly variable eco-climatic conditions, S. noctilio has arrived and established in exotic pine Forest Production areas throughout the Southern Hemisphere. In this study, we compiled historical records of S. noctilio invasion to compare spread rates among eight contrasting eco-climatic regions in the Southern Hemisphere and to explore how spread rate is predicted by landscape variation in climate, habitat characteristics and anthropogenic effects. Spread rates for S. noctilio varied considerably among the invaded regions, ranging from 12 to 82 km per year. Among regions, spread rates of S. noctilio increased with increasing mean annual temperature and isothermality. We hypothesize that temperature may directly or indirectly influence S. noctilio population growth and dispersal, thereby influencing spread rates.
Christopher M Gough - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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stand age disturbance history and the temporal stability of Forest Production
Forest Ecology and Management, 2020Co-Authors: Shea B Wales, Mark R Kreider, Jeff W Atkins, Catherine M Hulshof, Robert T Fahey, Lucas E Nave, Knute J Nadelhoffer, Christopher M GoughAbstract:Abstract Sustaining the terrestrial carbon (C) sink requires knowledge of the Forest properties supporting stable Production under increasingly variable climate conditions. We examined how stand disturbance history and age, structural complexity and species diversity, and leaf properties relate to the 10-yr stability of above-ground wood net primary Production (NPPw) in northern temperate Forests of Michigan, USA. Our investigation centered on separate deciduous, evergreen, and mixed late successional stands initiated over a century ago and free of recent disturbance, a “Cut Only” chronosequence established following clearcut harvesting, and a “Cut and Burn” chronosequence that regenerated following experimental clearcut harvesting and fire. The temporal stability of stand Production was calculated from the 10-yr coefficient of variation (CV) of annual NPPw estimated from tree cores; canopy rugosity, a measure of structural complexity, was estimated using terrestrial LiDAR; and >1500 subcanopy leaves were sampled for leaf mass area and chlorophyll fluorescence intensity. The temporal stability of stands differed by >2-fold, from 5% to 11% CV of NPPw. Counter to expectations, we found that NPPw stability was greatest in the more severely disturbed Cut and Burn stands and lowest in late successional stands. Despite similar successional patterns of species diversity and structural complexity, NPPw stability increased in Cut Only stands and declined in Cut and Burn stands as age, diversity and canopy rugosity increased. The NPPw of more diverse, late successional deciduous Forests was more temporally stable than that of evergreen Forests. We conclude that management for maximal rates of Production may not confer temporal stability, indicating future studies are needed to elucidate the stand and canopy properties that support both high Production rates and stability.
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net primary Production of a temperate deciduous Forest exhibits a threshold response to increasing disturbance severity
Ecology, 2015Co-Authors: Ellen Stuarthaentjens, Robert T Fahey, Peter S Curtis, Christoph S Vogel, Christopher M GoughAbstract:The global carbon (C) balance is vulnerable to disturbances that alter terrestrial C storage. Disturbances to Forests occur along a continuum of severity, from low-intensity disturbance causing the mortality or defoliation of only a subset of trees to severe stand- replacing disturbance that kills all trees; yet considerable uncertainty remains in how Forest Production changes across gradients of disturbance intensity. We used a gradient of tree mortality in an upper Great Lakes Forest ecosystem to: (1) quantify how aboveground wood net primary Production (ANPP,) responds to a range of disturbance severities; and (2) identify mechanisms supporting ANPPw resistance or resilience following moderate disturbance. We found that ANPPw declined nonlinearly with rising disturbance severity, remaining stable until >60% of the total tree basal area senesced. As upper canopy openness increased from disturbance, greater light availability to the subcanopy enhanced the leaf-level photosynthesis and growth of this formerly light-limited canopy stratum, compensating for upper canopy Production losses and a reduction in total leaf area index (LAI). As a result, whole-ecosystem Production efficiency (ANPPw/LAI) increased with rising disturbance severity, except in plots beyond the disturbance threshold. These findings provide a mechanistic explanation for a nonlinear relationship between ANPPw, and disturbance severity, in which the physiological and growth enhancement of undisturbed vegetation is proportional to the level of disturbance until a threshold is exceeded. Our results have important ecological and management implications, demonstrating that in some ecosystems moderate levels of disturbance minimally alter Forest Production.
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net primary Production of a temperate deciduous Forest exhibits a threshold response to increasing disturbance severity
Ecology, 2015Co-Authors: Ellen Stuarthaentjens, Robert T Fahey, Peter S Curtis, Christoph S Vogel, Christopher M GoughAbstract:The global carbon (C) balance is vulnerable to disturbances that alter terrestrial C storage. Disturbances to Forests occur along a continuum of severity, from low-intensity disturbance causing the mortality or defoliation of only a subset of trees to severe stand-replacing disturbance that kills all trees; yet considerable uncertainty remains in how Forest Production changes across gradients of disturbance intensity. We used a gradient of tree mortality in an upper Great Lakes Forest ecosystem to: (1) quantify how aboveground wood net primary Production (ANPPw) responds to a range of disturbance severities; and (2) identify mechanisms supporting ANPPw resistance or resilience following moderate disturbance. We found that ANPPw declined nonlinearly with rising disturbance severity, remaining stable until >60% of the total tree basal area senesced. As upper canopy openness increased from disturbance, greater light availability to the subcanopy enhanced the leaf-level photosynthesis and growth of this forme...
M Bindi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impacts of present and future climate variability on agriculture and Forestry in the temperate regions europe
Climatic Change, 2005Co-Authors: Gianpiero Maracchi, Oleg Sirotenko, M BindiAbstract:Agriculture and Forestry will be particularly sensitive to changes in mean climate and climate variability in the northern and southern regions of Europe. Agriculture may be positively affected by climate change in the northern areas through the introduction of new crop species and varieties, higher crop Production and expansion of suitable areas for crop cultivation. The disadvantages may be determined by an increase in need for plant protection, risk of nutrient leaching and accelerated breakdown of soil organic matter. In the southern areas the benefits of the projected climate change will be limited, while the disadvantages will be predominant. The increased water use efficiency caused by increasing CO2 will compensate for some of the negative effects of increasing water limitation and extreme weather events, but lower harvestable yields, higher yield variability and reduction in suitable areas of traditional crops are expected for these areas. Forestry in the Mediterranean region may be mainly affected by increases in drought and Forest fires. In northern Europe, the increased precipitation is expected to be large enough to compensate for the increased evapotranspiration. On the other hand, however, increased precipitation, cloudiness and rain days and the reduced duration of snow cover and soil frost may negatively affect Forest work and timber logging determining lower profitability of Forest Production and a decrease in recreational possibilities. Adaptation management strategies should be introduced, as effective tools, to reduce the negative impacts of climate change on agricultural and Forestry sectors.
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impacts of present and future climate variability on agriculture and Forestry in the temperate regions europe
Climatic Change, 2005Co-Authors: Gianpiero Maracchi, Oleg Sirotenko, M BindiAbstract:Agriculture and Forestry will be particularly sensitive to changes in mean climate and climate variability in the northern and southern regions of Europe. Agriculture may be positively affected by climate change in the northern areas through the introduction of new crop species and varieties, higher crop Production and expansion of suitable areas for crop cultivation. The disadvantages may be determined by an increase in need for plant protection, risk of nutrient leaching and accelerated breakdown of soil organic matter. In the southern areas the benefits of the projected climate change will be limited, while the disadvantages will be predominant. The increased water use efficiency caused by increasing CO2 will compensate for some of the negative effects of increasing water limitation and extreme weather events, but lower harvestable yields, higher yield variability and reduction in suitable areas of traditional crops are expected for these areas. Forestry in the Mediterranean region may be mainly affected by increases in drought and Forest fires. In northern Europe, the increased precipitation is expected to be large enough to compensate for the increased evapotranspiration. On the other hand, however, increased precipitation, cloudiness and rain days and the reduced duration of snow cover and soil frost may negatively affect Forest work and timber logging determining lower profitability of Forest Production and a decrease in recreational possibilities. Adaptation management strategies should be introduced, as effective tools, to reduce the negative impacts of climate change on agricultural and Forestry sectors.
James N Long - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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age related decline in Forest growth an emergent property
Forest Ecology and Management, 2001Co-Authors: Frederick W Smith, James N LongAbstract:Abstract Proposed explanations for the age-related decline in Forest Production (i.e. ‘culmination of current annual increment’) generally fall into one of two categories: (1) the ecophysiology of individual, generally old, trees; and (2) structural changes at the population level associated with increasing stand age. The decline in Production occurs in young Forests, is substantial at young stand ages, and timing of decline can be altered simply by changes in stand density. Changes in physiology of old trees do not account for the near-universal decline in Production in developing stands. Rather, peak Production and its subsequent decline are associated with inevitable changes in the structure of developing Forest stands. Peak Production almost invariably occurs as peak community leaf area is obtained. Substantial changes in canopy architecture, Production efficiency, and tree population structure occur at this point, resulting in declining stand-level Production. These changes are emergent properties that must be studied and understood at the population level, and are not derived from individual tree physiological processes.