The Experts below are selected from a list of 30651 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mkael Symmonds - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ion channels in eeg isolating channel dysfunction in nmda receptor antibody encephalitis
Brain, 2018Co-Authors: Mkael Symmonds, Catherine Moran, Isabel M Leite, Camilla Buckley, Sarosh R Irani, Klaas E Stephan, Kj FristonAbstract:See Roberts and Breakspear (doi:10.1093/brain/awy136) for a scientific commentary on this article.Neurological and psychiatric practice frequently lack diagnostic probes that can assess mechanisms of neuronal communication non-invasively in humans. In N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibody encephalitis, functional molecular assays are particularly important given the presence of NMDA antibodies in healthy populations, the multifarious symptomology and the lack of radiological signs. Recent advances in biophysical modelling techniques suggest that inferring cellular-level properties of neural circuits from macroscopic measures of brain activity is possible. Here, we estimated receptor function from EEG in patients with NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis (n = 29) as well as from encephalopathic and neurological patient controls (n = 36). We show that the autoimmune patients exhibit distinct Fronto-Parietal Network changes from which ion channel estimates can be obtained using a microcircuit model. Specifically, a dynamic causal model of EEG data applied to spontaneous brain responses identifies a selective deficit in signalling at NMDA receptors in patients with NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis but not at other ionotropic receptors. Moreover, though these changes are observed across brain regions, these effects predominate at the NMDA receptors of excitatory neurons rather than at inhibitory interneurons. Given that EEG is a ubiquitously available clinical method, our findings suggest a unique re-purposing of EEG data as an assay of brain Network dysfunction at the molecular level.
Kuncheng Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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activity in the fronto parietal Network indicates numerical inductive reasoning beyond calculation an fmri study combined with a cognitive model
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Peipeng Liang, Niels Taatgen, Jelmer P. Borst, Kuncheng LiAbstract:Numerical inductive reasoning refers to the process of identifying and extrapolating the rule involved in numeric materials. It is associated with calculation, and shares the common activation of the Fronto-Parietal regions with calculation, which suggests that numerical inductive reasoning may correspond to a general calculation process. However, compared with calculation, rule identification is critical and unique to reasoning. Previous studies have established the central role of the Fronto-Parietal Network for relational integration during rule identification in numerical inductive reasoning. The current question of interest is whether numerical inductive reasoning exclusively corresponds to calculation or operates beyond calculation, and whether it is possible to distinguish between them based on the activity pattern in the Fronto-Parietal Network. To directly address this issue, three types of problems were created: numerical inductive reasoning, calculation, and perceptual judgment. Our results showed that the Fronto-Parietal Network was more active in numerical inductive reasoning which requires more exchanges between intermediate representations and long-term declarative knowledge during rule identification. These results survived even after controlling for the covariates of response time and error rate. A computational cognitive model was developed using the cognitive architecture ACT-R to account for the behavioral results and brain activity in the Fronto-Parietal Network.
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common and dissociable neural correlates associated with component processes of inductive reasoning
NeuroImage, 2011Co-Authors: Peipeng Liang, Ning Zhong, Yanhui Yang, Jie Lu, Kuncheng LiAbstract:Abstract The ability to draw numerical inductive reasoning requires two key cognitive processes, identification and extrapolation. This study aimed to identify the neural correlates of both component processes of numerical inductive reasoning using event-related fMRI. Three kinds of tasks: rule induction (RI), rule induction and application (RIA), and perceptual judgment (Jud) were solved by twenty right-handed adults. Our results found that the left superior parietal lobule (SPL) extending into the precuneus and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were commonly recruited in the two components. It was also observed that the Fronto-Parietal Network was more specific to identification, whereas the striatal–thalamic Network was more specific to extrapolation. The findings suggest that numerical inductive reasoning is mediated by the coordination of multiple brain areas including the prefrontal, parietal, and subcortical regions, of which some are more specific to demands on only one of these two component processes, whereas others are sensitive to both.
Peipeng Liang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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activity in the fronto parietal Network indicates numerical inductive reasoning beyond calculation an fmri study combined with a cognitive model
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Peipeng Liang, Niels Taatgen, Jelmer P. Borst, Kuncheng LiAbstract:Numerical inductive reasoning refers to the process of identifying and extrapolating the rule involved in numeric materials. It is associated with calculation, and shares the common activation of the Fronto-Parietal regions with calculation, which suggests that numerical inductive reasoning may correspond to a general calculation process. However, compared with calculation, rule identification is critical and unique to reasoning. Previous studies have established the central role of the Fronto-Parietal Network for relational integration during rule identification in numerical inductive reasoning. The current question of interest is whether numerical inductive reasoning exclusively corresponds to calculation or operates beyond calculation, and whether it is possible to distinguish between them based on the activity pattern in the Fronto-Parietal Network. To directly address this issue, three types of problems were created: numerical inductive reasoning, calculation, and perceptual judgment. Our results showed that the Fronto-Parietal Network was more active in numerical inductive reasoning which requires more exchanges between intermediate representations and long-term declarative knowledge during rule identification. These results survived even after controlling for the covariates of response time and error rate. A computational cognitive model was developed using the cognitive architecture ACT-R to account for the behavioral results and brain activity in the Fronto-Parietal Network.
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common and dissociable neural correlates associated with component processes of inductive reasoning
NeuroImage, 2011Co-Authors: Peipeng Liang, Ning Zhong, Yanhui Yang, Jie Lu, Kuncheng LiAbstract:Abstract The ability to draw numerical inductive reasoning requires two key cognitive processes, identification and extrapolation. This study aimed to identify the neural correlates of both component processes of numerical inductive reasoning using event-related fMRI. Three kinds of tasks: rule induction (RI), rule induction and application (RIA), and perceptual judgment (Jud) were solved by twenty right-handed adults. Our results found that the left superior parietal lobule (SPL) extending into the precuneus and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were commonly recruited in the two components. It was also observed that the Fronto-Parietal Network was more specific to identification, whereas the striatal–thalamic Network was more specific to extrapolation. The findings suggest that numerical inductive reasoning is mediated by the coordination of multiple brain areas including the prefrontal, parietal, and subcortical regions, of which some are more specific to demands on only one of these two component processes, whereas others are sensitive to both.
Kj Friston - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ion channels in eeg isolating channel dysfunction in nmda receptor antibody encephalitis
Brain, 2018Co-Authors: Mkael Symmonds, Catherine Moran, Isabel M Leite, Camilla Buckley, Sarosh R Irani, Klaas E Stephan, Kj FristonAbstract:See Roberts and Breakspear (doi:10.1093/brain/awy136) for a scientific commentary on this article.Neurological and psychiatric practice frequently lack diagnostic probes that can assess mechanisms of neuronal communication non-invasively in humans. In N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibody encephalitis, functional molecular assays are particularly important given the presence of NMDA antibodies in healthy populations, the multifarious symptomology and the lack of radiological signs. Recent advances in biophysical modelling techniques suggest that inferring cellular-level properties of neural circuits from macroscopic measures of brain activity is possible. Here, we estimated receptor function from EEG in patients with NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis (n = 29) as well as from encephalopathic and neurological patient controls (n = 36). We show that the autoimmune patients exhibit distinct Fronto-Parietal Network changes from which ion channel estimates can be obtained using a microcircuit model. Specifically, a dynamic causal model of EEG data applied to spontaneous brain responses identifies a selective deficit in signalling at NMDA receptors in patients with NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis but not at other ionotropic receptors. Moreover, though these changes are observed across brain regions, these effects predominate at the NMDA receptors of excitatory neurons rather than at inhibitory interneurons. Given that EEG is a ubiquitously available clinical method, our findings suggest a unique re-purposing of EEG data as an assay of brain Network dysfunction at the molecular level.
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Ion channels in EEG: isolating channel dysfunction in NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis
'Oxford University Press (OUP)', 2018Co-Authors: Symmonds M, Ch Moran, Mi Leite, Buckley C, Ke Stephan, Kj Friston, Rj MoranAbstract:Neurological and psychiatric practice frequently lack diagnostic probes that can assess mechanisms of neuronal communication non-invasively in humans. In N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibody encephalitis, functional molecular assays are particularly important given the presence of NMDA antibodies in healthy populations, the multifarious symptomology and the lack of radiological signs. Recent advances in biophysical modelling techniques suggest that inferring cellular-level properties of neural circuits from macroscopic measures of brain activity is possible. Here, we estimated receptor function from EEG in patients with NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis (n = 29) as well as from encephalopathic and neurological patient controls (n = 36). We show that the autoimmune patients exhibit distinct Fronto-Parietal Network changes from which ion channel estimates can be obtained using a microcircuit model. Specifically, a dynamic causal model of EEG data applied to spontaneous brain responses identifies a selective deficit in signalling at NMDA receptors in patients with NMDA receptor antibody encephalitis but not at other ionotropic receptors. Moreover, though these changes are observed across brain regions, these effects predominate at the NMDA receptors of excitatory neurons rather than at inhibitory interneurons. Given that EEG is a ubiquitously available clinical method, our findings suggest a unique re-purposing of EEG data as an assay of brain Network dysfunction at the molecular level
Luca Cocchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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functional brain Networks related to individual differences in human intelligence at rest
Scientific Reports, 2016Co-Authors: Luke J Hearne, Jason B Mattingley, Luca CocchiAbstract:Intelligence is a fundamental ability that sets humans apart from other animal species. Despite its importance in defining human behaviour, the neural Networks responsible for intelligence are not well understood. The dominant view from neuroimaging work suggests that intelligent performance on a range of tasks is underpinned by segregated interactions in a Fronto-Parietal Network of brain regions. Here we asked whether Fronto-Parietal interactions associated with intelligence are ubiquitous, or emerge from more widespread associations in a task-free context. First we undertook an exploratory mapping of the existing literature on functional connectivity associated with intelligence. Next, to empirically test hypotheses derived from the exploratory mapping, we performed Network analyses in a cohort of 317 unrelated participants from the Human Connectome Project. Our results revealed a novel contribution of across-Network interactions between default-mode and Fronto-Parietal Networks to individual differences in intelligence at rest. Specifically, we found that greater connectivity in the resting state was associated with higher intelligence scores. Our findings highlight the need to broaden the dominant Fronto-Parietal conceptualisation of intelligence to encompass more complex and context-specific Network dynamics.
