The Experts below are selected from a list of 5343 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Gudrun A Brockmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of variation at the FTO locus on milk fat yield in holstein dairy cattle
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Lea G Zielke, Ralf H Bortfeldt, Jens Tetens, Monika Reissmann, Georg Thaller, Gudrun A BrockmannAbstract:This study explores the biological role of the Fat Mass and Obesity associated (FTO) Gene locus on milk composition in German Holstein cattle. Since FTO controls energy homeostasis and expenditure and the FTO locus has repeatedly shown association with obesity in human studies, we tested FTO as a candidate Gene in particular for milk fat yield, which represents a high amount of energy secreted during lactation. The study was performed on 2,402 bulls and 860 cows where dense milk composition data were available. Genetic information was taken from a 2 Mb region around FTO. Five SNPs and two haplotype blocks in a 725 kb region covering FTO and the neighboring Genes RPGRIP1L, U6ATAC, and 5 S rRNA were associated with milk fat yield and also affected protein yield in the same direction. Interestingly, higher frequency SNP alleles and haplotypes within the FTO Gene increased milk fat and protein yields by up to 2.8 and 2.2 kg per lactation, respectively, while the most frequent haplotype in the upstream block covering exon 1 of FTO to exon 15 of RPGRIP1L had opposite effects with lower fat and milk yield. Both haplotype blocks were also significant in cows. The loci accounted for about 1% of the corresponding trait variance in the population. The association signals not only provided evidence for at least two causative mutations in the FTO locus with a functional effect on milk but also milk protein yield. The pleiotropic effects suggest a biological function on the usage of energy resources and the control of energy balance rather than directly affecting fat and protein synthesis. The identified effect of the obesity Gene locus on milk energy content suggests an impact on infant nutrition by breast feeding in humans.
Cecilia M Lindgren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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association of variants in the fat mass and obesity associated FTO Gene with polycystic ovary syndrome
Diabetologia, 2008Co-Authors: Thomas M Barber, Anneli Pouta, Ulla Sovio, Amanda J Bennett, C J Groves, Aimo Ruokonen, Hannu Martikainen, A L Hartikainen, Paul Elliott, Cecilia M LindgrenAbstract:Aims/hypothesis Variants in the fat-mass and obesity-associated Gene (FTO) influence susceptibility to type 2 diabetes via an effect on adiposity/obesity. Given the important role of obesity in the aetiology of both polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, our aim was to establish whether FTO variants are also implicated in PCOS susceptibility.
Lea G Zielke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of variation at the FTO locus on milk fat yield in holstein dairy cattle
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Lea G Zielke, Ralf H Bortfeldt, Jens Tetens, Monika Reissmann, Georg Thaller, Gudrun A BrockmannAbstract:This study explores the biological role of the Fat Mass and Obesity associated (FTO) Gene locus on milk composition in German Holstein cattle. Since FTO controls energy homeostasis and expenditure and the FTO locus has repeatedly shown association with obesity in human studies, we tested FTO as a candidate Gene in particular for milk fat yield, which represents a high amount of energy secreted during lactation. The study was performed on 2,402 bulls and 860 cows where dense milk composition data were available. Genetic information was taken from a 2 Mb region around FTO. Five SNPs and two haplotype blocks in a 725 kb region covering FTO and the neighboring Genes RPGRIP1L, U6ATAC, and 5 S rRNA were associated with milk fat yield and also affected protein yield in the same direction. Interestingly, higher frequency SNP alleles and haplotypes within the FTO Gene increased milk fat and protein yields by up to 2.8 and 2.2 kg per lactation, respectively, while the most frequent haplotype in the upstream block covering exon 1 of FTO to exon 15 of RPGRIP1L had opposite effects with lower fat and milk yield. Both haplotype blocks were also significant in cows. The loci accounted for about 1% of the corresponding trait variance in the population. The association signals not only provided evidence for at least two causative mutations in the FTO locus with a functional effect on milk but also milk protein yield. The pleiotropic effects suggest a biological function on the usage of energy resources and the control of energy balance rather than directly affecting fat and protein synthesis. The identified effect of the obesity Gene locus on milk energy content suggests an impact on infant nutrition by breast feeding in humans.
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Impact of Variation at the FTO Locus on Milk Fat Yield in Holstein Dairy Cattle
2013Co-Authors: Lea G Zielke, Ralf H Bortfeldt, Jens Tetens, Monika Reissmann, Georg Thaller, Gudrun AAbstract:This study explores the biological role of the Fat Mass and Obesity associated (FTO) Gene locus on milk composition in German Holstein cattle. Since FTO controls energy homeostasis and expenditure and the FTO locus has repeatedly shown association with obesity in human studies, we tested FTO as a candidate Gene in particular for milk fat yield, which represents a high amount of energy secreted during lactation. The study was performed on 2,402 bulls and 860 cows where dense milk composition data were available. Genetic information was taken from a 2 Mb region around FTO. Five SNPs and two haplotype blocks in a 725 kb region covering FTO and the neighboring Genes RPGRIP1L, U6ATAC, and 5 S rRNA were associated with milk fat yield and also affected protein yield in the same direction. Interestingly, higher frequency SNP alleles and haplotypes within the FTO Gene increased milk fat and protein yields by up to 2.8 and 2.2 kg per lactation, respectively, while the most frequent haplotype in the upstream block covering exon 1 of FTO to exon 15 of RPGRIP1L had opposite effects with lower fat and milk yield. Both haplotype blocks were also significant in cows. The loci accounted for about 1 % of the corresponding trait variance in the population. The association signals not only provided evidence for at least two causative mutations in the FTO locus with a functional effect on milk but also milk protein yield. The pleiotropic effects suggest a biological function on the usage of energy resources and the control of energy balance rather than directly affecting fat and protein synthesis. The identified effect of the obesity Gene locus on milk energy content suggests a
Marek Straczkowski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of the FTO Gene variation on fat oxidation and its potential influence on body weight in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Clinical Endocrinology, 2012Co-Authors: Irina Kowalska, Agnieszka Adamska, Maciej T Malecki, Monika Karczewskakupczewska, Agnieszka Nikolajuk, Magdalena Szopa, Maria Gorska, Marek StraczkowskiAbstract:SummaryContext Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heteroGeneous disorder where insulin resistance might be involved in the development of endocrine and metabolic abnormalities. It has recently been shown that the FTO Gene modifies weight, fat mass and insulin sensitivity in women with PCOS, where its role might be larger than in other phenotypes. Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the effect of a variation of the FTO Gene on carbohydrate and lipid oxidation in PCOS women. Patients The study group consisted of 65 women with PCOS and 28 healthy, normally menstruating women. Measurements Clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp and measurements of serum sex hormones were performed. Carbohydrate and lipid oxidation were evaluated with indirect calorimetry in the baseline state and during last 30 min of the clamp. The FTO rs9939609 polymorphism was genotyped using the restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results There were no differences in carbohydrate and lipid oxidation between PCOS and control women. In the PCOS group, TT homozygotes had higher baseline fat oxidation in comparison with carriers of the A allele (P = 0·018), which was not found in the control group. We did not observe the effect of the FTO Gene variation on insulin-stimulated lipid oxidation and neither on the baseline nor on the insulin-stimulated carbohydrate oxidation. Conclusion Our data show that this FTO Gene variation might influence the baseline lipid oxidation in PCOS patients. This might potentially be one of the mechanisms explaining the impact of the FTO Gene on body weight in PCOS.
Ulla Sovio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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life course analysis of a fat mass and obesity associated FTO Gene variant and body mass index in the northern finland birth cohort 1966 using structural equation modeling
American Journal of Epidemiology, 2010Co-Authors: Marika Kaakinen, Esa Laara, Anneli Pouta, Annaliisa Hartikainen, Jaana Laitinen, Tuija Tammelin, Karlheinz Herzig, Ulla Sovio, Amanda J Bennett, Leena PeltonenAbstract:The association between variation in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) Gene and adulthood body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)2) is well-replicated. More thorough analyses utilizing phenotypic data over the life course may deepen our understanding of the development of BMI and thus help in the prevention of obesity. The authors used a structural equation modeling approach to explore the network of variables associated with BMI from the prenatal period to age 31 years (1965–1997) in 4,435 subjects from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. The use of structural equation modeling permitted the easy inclusion of variables with missing values in the analyses without separate imputation steps, as well as differentiation between direct and indirect effects. There was an association between the FTO single nucleotide polymorphism rs9939609 and BMI at age 31 years that persisted after controlling for several relevant factors during the life course. The total effect of the FTO variant on adult BMI was mostly composed of the direct effect, but a notable part was also arising indirectly via its effects on earlier BMI development. In addition to well-established Genetic determinants, many life-course factors such as physical activity, in spite of not showing mediation or interaction, had a strong independent effect on BMI.
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association of variants in the fat mass and obesity associated FTO Gene with polycystic ovary syndrome
Diabetologia, 2008Co-Authors: Thomas M Barber, Anneli Pouta, Ulla Sovio, Amanda J Bennett, C J Groves, Aimo Ruokonen, Hannu Martikainen, A L Hartikainen, Paul Elliott, Cecilia M LindgrenAbstract:Aims/hypothesis Variants in the fat-mass and obesity-associated Gene (FTO) influence susceptibility to type 2 diabetes via an effect on adiposity/obesity. Given the important role of obesity in the aetiology of both polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, our aim was to establish whether FTO variants are also implicated in PCOS susceptibility.
