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T Saud - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emission estimates of organic and elemental carbon from household biomass Fuel used over the indo gangetic plain igp india
Atmospheric Environment, 2012Co-Authors: T Saud, T K Mandal, Ranu Gadi, D P Singh, S K Sharma, R Gautam, Manisha Dahiya, M SaxenaAbstract:Abstract Biomass burning emits large amount of aerosols and trace gases into the atmosphere, which have significant impact on atmospheric chemistry and climate. In the present study, we have selected seven Indian states (Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar and West Bengal) over the IGP, India. Samples of biomass Fuel (Fuel Wood, Crop Residue and Dung Cake) from rural household have been collected ( Saud et al., 2011a ). The burning process has been simulated using a dilution sampler following the methodology developed by Venkatraman et al. (2005) . In the present study, emission factor represents the total period of burning including pyrolysis, flaming and smoldering. We have determined the emission factors of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) from different types of biomass Fuels collected over the study area. Average emission factors of OC from dung cake, Fuel Wood and crop residue over IGP, India are estimated as 3.87 ± 1.09 g kg−1, 0.95 ± 0.27 g kg−1, 1.46 ± 0.73 g kg−1, respectively. Similarly, average emission factors of EC from dung cake, Fuel Wood and crop residue over IGP, India are found to be 0.49 ± 0.25 g kg−1, 0.35 ± 0.07 g kg−1 and 0.37 ± 0.14 g kg−1, respectively. Dung cake and crop residue are normally not used in Uttarakhand. Annual budget of OC and EC from biomass Fuels used as energy in rural households of IGP, India is estimated as 361.96 ± 170.18 Gg and 56.44 ± 29.06 Gg respectively. This study shows the regional emission inventory from Indian scenario with spatial variability.
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emission estimates of particulate matter pm and trace gases so2 no and no2 from biomass Fuels used in rural sector of indo gangetic plain india
Atmospheric Environment, 2011Co-Authors: T Saud, T K Mandal, Ranu Gadi, D P Singh, S K Sharma, M Saxena, Abhijit MukherjeeAbstract:Abstract In this paper, we present the experimentally determined emission factors and emission estimates of particulate matter (PM), SO2, NO and NO2 emitted from biomass Fuels used as energy in rural area of Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), India. Biomass Fuel samples were collected at district level from this region. The burning of the collected biomass Fuels is performed by using the modified dilution sampler based on studies done by Venkataraman et al. (2005) . In this study, the emission factor represents the total period of burning including pyrolysis, flaming and smoldering. The average emission factor of PM from dung cake, Fuel-Wood and crop residue over Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand and Bihar are estimated as 16.26 ± 2.29 g kg−1, 4.34 ± 1.06 g kg−1 and 7.54 ± 4.17 g kg−1 respectively. Similarly, the average emission factor of SO2, NO and NO2 from dung cake, Fuel-Wood and crop residue over this region are also determined (SO2: 0.28 ± 0.09 g kg−1, 0.26 ± 0.10 g kg−1 and 0.27 ± 0.11 g kg−1, NO: 0.27 ± 0.21 g kg−1, 0.41 ± 0.25 g kg−1 and 0.54 ± 0.50 g kg−1 and NO2: 0.31 ± 0.23 g kg−1, 0.35 ± 0.28 g kg−1 and 0.54 ± 0.47 g kg−1 respectively). The emission of PM, SO2, NO and NO2 from biomass Fuels used as energy in rural household over, IGP are also estimated in this paper. The result shows the regional emission inventory from Indian scenario with spatial variability.
Elisandro Pires Frigo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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small scale power generation analysis downdraft gasifier coupled to engine generator set
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016Co-Authors: Luiz Inacio Chaves, Marcelo Jose Da Silva, Samuel Nelson Melegari De Souza, Deonir Secco, Helton Aparecido Rosa, Carlos Eduardo Camargo Nogueira, Elisandro Pires FrigoAbstract:In Brazil, biomass appears as one the most promising alternative energy sources for electricity generation, due to the large amount of agricultural, forest and livestock activities. In addition, biomass is widely available, less intermittent and uniformly distributed, when compared to some renewable sources (wind power, solar photovoltaic, e.g.). To access the power generation from biomass, gasification has been pointed as more adequate to the small-scale deployments (less than 150kWe) indicated for distributed generation, mainly at isolated rural communities, where centralized grid is not available or feasible. This work aims to contribute with a techno analysis about the small-scale electricity generation through gasification of Wood wastes associated to an engine generator. For this purpose, it was assembled a pilot power generation plant, composed by a downdraft gasifier and a spark-ignition engine (SIE) coupled to electric generator. The parameters evaluated were related to the biomass gasification (gasification yield of 2.5Nm3kg−1, Fuel Wood consumption of 5.6kgh−1, e.g.) and generation (specific Fuel Wood consumption of 1.9kgkWh−1, e.g.). In general, biomass gasification conversion was performed with high efficiency (about 70%); however, on conversion of the producer gas into electricity, the efficiency dropped to 17%, mainly due to low thermal efficiency of SIE and calorific value of gas. Even though, the technology is a promising alternative to supply electricity from biomass, especially on places where electrical distribution network is not yet available.
H M Behl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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FuelWood quality of promising tree species for alkaline soil sites in relation to tree age
Biomass & Bioenergy, 1996Co-Authors: V L Goel, H M BehlAbstract:Abstract The FuelWood quality of five tree species suitable for afforestation of alkaline soil sites was investigated in relation to tree age for establishing harvest rotation cycles. Prosopis juliflora and Acacia nilotica were found to be the most suitable species for short rotation Fuel Wood forestry programmes because of their high Wood density, biomass yield, low ash and moisture content, and good heat of combustion at the juvenile stage. The performance of other species like Acacia auriculiformis, Terminalia arjuna and Sesbania formosa is discussed.
M Saxena - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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emission estimates of organic and elemental carbon from household biomass Fuel used over the indo gangetic plain igp india
Atmospheric Environment, 2012Co-Authors: T Saud, T K Mandal, Ranu Gadi, D P Singh, S K Sharma, R Gautam, Manisha Dahiya, M SaxenaAbstract:Abstract Biomass burning emits large amount of aerosols and trace gases into the atmosphere, which have significant impact on atmospheric chemistry and climate. In the present study, we have selected seven Indian states (Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Bihar and West Bengal) over the IGP, India. Samples of biomass Fuel (Fuel Wood, Crop Residue and Dung Cake) from rural household have been collected ( Saud et al., 2011a ). The burning process has been simulated using a dilution sampler following the methodology developed by Venkatraman et al. (2005) . In the present study, emission factor represents the total period of burning including pyrolysis, flaming and smoldering. We have determined the emission factors of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) from different types of biomass Fuels collected over the study area. Average emission factors of OC from dung cake, Fuel Wood and crop residue over IGP, India are estimated as 3.87 ± 1.09 g kg−1, 0.95 ± 0.27 g kg−1, 1.46 ± 0.73 g kg−1, respectively. Similarly, average emission factors of EC from dung cake, Fuel Wood and crop residue over IGP, India are found to be 0.49 ± 0.25 g kg−1, 0.35 ± 0.07 g kg−1 and 0.37 ± 0.14 g kg−1, respectively. Dung cake and crop residue are normally not used in Uttarakhand. Annual budget of OC and EC from biomass Fuels used as energy in rural households of IGP, India is estimated as 361.96 ± 170.18 Gg and 56.44 ± 29.06 Gg respectively. This study shows the regional emission inventory from Indian scenario with spatial variability.
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emission estimates of particulate matter pm and trace gases so2 no and no2 from biomass Fuels used in rural sector of indo gangetic plain india
Atmospheric Environment, 2011Co-Authors: T Saud, T K Mandal, Ranu Gadi, D P Singh, S K Sharma, M Saxena, Abhijit MukherjeeAbstract:Abstract In this paper, we present the experimentally determined emission factors and emission estimates of particulate matter (PM), SO2, NO and NO2 emitted from biomass Fuels used as energy in rural area of Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), India. Biomass Fuel samples were collected at district level from this region. The burning of the collected biomass Fuels is performed by using the modified dilution sampler based on studies done by Venkataraman et al. (2005) . In this study, the emission factor represents the total period of burning including pyrolysis, flaming and smoldering. The average emission factor of PM from dung cake, Fuel-Wood and crop residue over Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand and Bihar are estimated as 16.26 ± 2.29 g kg−1, 4.34 ± 1.06 g kg−1 and 7.54 ± 4.17 g kg−1 respectively. Similarly, the average emission factor of SO2, NO and NO2 from dung cake, Fuel-Wood and crop residue over this region are also determined (SO2: 0.28 ± 0.09 g kg−1, 0.26 ± 0.10 g kg−1 and 0.27 ± 0.11 g kg−1, NO: 0.27 ± 0.21 g kg−1, 0.41 ± 0.25 g kg−1 and 0.54 ± 0.50 g kg−1 and NO2: 0.31 ± 0.23 g kg−1, 0.35 ± 0.28 g kg−1 and 0.54 ± 0.47 g kg−1 respectively). The emission of PM, SO2, NO and NO2 from biomass Fuels used as energy in rural household over, IGP are also estimated in this paper. The result shows the regional emission inventory from Indian scenario with spatial variability.
Liu Jingru - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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research on china s rural household energy consumption household investigation of typical counties in 8 economic zones
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017Co-Authors: Wang Xiaohua, Li Kunquan, Li Hua, Liu JingruAbstract:Abstract Rural household energy consumption is an important component of national energy consumption and plays an important role in rural social and ecological environment developments. In this paper, energy consumption of 1440 households in 8 typical counties of 8 China's economic zones was investigated. The investigation data analysis revealed significant difference of different economic zones in rural household energy consumption level and structure. For 8 studying counties, the annual average energy consumption per capita was 26.7 GJ, 10.4 GJ the lowest (Shanghang County) and 86.6 GJ the highest (Shulan County). In energy consumption, straw, biogas, Fuel Wood and electricity accounted for 44.33%, 23.13%, 12.79% and 9.61%, respectively. Rural families with high incomes preferred commercial energies (e.g. electricity and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)) to biomass energy (e.g. straw and Fuel Wood). The traditional biomass energy is still the main energy source for China's rural household. Research results provide references to understand current situations and future development of China's rural household energy consumption, and formulate related energy and environmental policies.
