Fungicides

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Glen L Hartman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • sensitivity of phakopsora pachyrhizi isolates to Fungicides and reduction of fungal infection based on fungicide and timing of application
    Plant Disease, 2017
    Co-Authors: M. Twizeyimana, Glen L Hartman
    Abstract:

    Soybean rust (SBR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is a damaging foliar fungal disease in many soybean-growing areas of the world. Strategies to manage SBR include the use of foliar Fungicides. Fungicide types, the rate of product application, and the number and timing of applications are critical components for successful rust management. The objectives of this study were to determine i) the sensitivity of P. pachyrhizi isolates collected in the U.S. to a range of Fungicides and ii) the reduction of fungal infection based on fungicide type and timing of applications on soybean. There were differences (P < 0.05) in effective concentration (EC50) values among the Fungicides tested. Azoxystrobin had low EC50 values for both urediniospore germination and fungal sporulation on inoculated leaflets. There were differences (P < 0.05) in fungal sporulation for application times, fungicide treatments, and their interaction when the fungus was inoculated on plants. All application times and nearly all fungicide treatments reduced (α = 0.05) fungal infection compared with the nonfungicide control. Information on fungicide sensitivity of P. pachyrhizi isolates and the preventive and curative effects of different Fungicides are important in the management of SBR.

  • Sensitivity of Phakopsora pachyrhizi Isolates to Fungicides and Reduction of Fungal Infection Based on Fungicide and Timing of Application.
    Plant Disease, 2016
    Co-Authors: M. Twizeyimana, Glen L Hartman
    Abstract:

    Soybean rust (SBR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is a damaging foliar fungal disease in many soybean-growing areas of the world. Strategies to manage SBR include the use of foliar Fungicides. Fungicide types, the rate of product application, and the number and timing of applications are critical components for successful rust management. The objectives of this study were to determine i) the sensitivity of P. pachyrhizi isolates collected in the U.S. to a range of Fungicides and ii) the reduction of fungal infection based on fungicide type and timing of applications on soybean. There were differences (P < 0.05) in effective concentration (EC50) values among the Fungicides tested. Azoxystrobin had low EC50 values for both urediniospore germination and fungal sporulation on inoculated leaflets. There were differences (P < 0.05) in fungal sporulation for application times, fungicide treatments, and their interaction when the fungus was inoculated on plants. All application times and nearly all fungicide t...

M. Twizeyimana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • sensitivity of phakopsora pachyrhizi isolates to Fungicides and reduction of fungal infection based on fungicide and timing of application
    Plant Disease, 2017
    Co-Authors: M. Twizeyimana, Glen L Hartman
    Abstract:

    Soybean rust (SBR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is a damaging foliar fungal disease in many soybean-growing areas of the world. Strategies to manage SBR include the use of foliar Fungicides. Fungicide types, the rate of product application, and the number and timing of applications are critical components for successful rust management. The objectives of this study were to determine i) the sensitivity of P. pachyrhizi isolates collected in the U.S. to a range of Fungicides and ii) the reduction of fungal infection based on fungicide type and timing of applications on soybean. There were differences (P < 0.05) in effective concentration (EC50) values among the Fungicides tested. Azoxystrobin had low EC50 values for both urediniospore germination and fungal sporulation on inoculated leaflets. There were differences (P < 0.05) in fungal sporulation for application times, fungicide treatments, and their interaction when the fungus was inoculated on plants. All application times and nearly all fungicide treatments reduced (α = 0.05) fungal infection compared with the nonfungicide control. Information on fungicide sensitivity of P. pachyrhizi isolates and the preventive and curative effects of different Fungicides are important in the management of SBR.

  • Sensitivity of Phakopsora pachyrhizi Isolates to Fungicides and Reduction of Fungal Infection Based on Fungicide and Timing of Application.
    Plant Disease, 2016
    Co-Authors: M. Twizeyimana, Glen L Hartman
    Abstract:

    Soybean rust (SBR), caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is a damaging foliar fungal disease in many soybean-growing areas of the world. Strategies to manage SBR include the use of foliar Fungicides. Fungicide types, the rate of product application, and the number and timing of applications are critical components for successful rust management. The objectives of this study were to determine i) the sensitivity of P. pachyrhizi isolates collected in the U.S. to a range of Fungicides and ii) the reduction of fungal infection based on fungicide type and timing of applications on soybean. There were differences (P < 0.05) in effective concentration (EC50) values among the Fungicides tested. Azoxystrobin had low EC50 values for both urediniospore germination and fungal sporulation on inoculated leaflets. There were differences (P < 0.05) in fungal sporulation for application times, fungicide treatments, and their interaction when the fungus was inoculated on plants. All application times and nearly all fungicide t...

Luís Roberto Batista - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Effect of Fungicides on Growth and Ochratoxin A Production by Aspergillus carbonarius from Brazilian Wine Grapes
    Journal of Food Protection, 2016
    Co-Authors: M. F. Terra, Nathasha De Azevedo Lira, Fabiana Reinis Franca Passamani, Maria Das Gracas Cardoso, Wilder Douglas Santiago, Luís Roberto Batista
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Prevention in the field of mycotoxin-producing fungi is the most effective strategy for controlling the presence of mycotoxins in foods. Chemical Fungicides are widely used to protect crops, so their implications on mycotoxin production need to be considered. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect in vitro and on grapes of five Fungicides commonly used on grape cultures in Brazil on Aspergillus carbonarius growth and ochratoxin A (OTA) production. At the doses recommended by manufacturers, most Fungicides significantly reduced A. carbonarius growth and OTA production in vitro, whereas this effect was influenced by the type of fungicide, dose, and temperature. Temperature was the main factor that influenced the effectiveness of Fungicides. In general, at 15°C, Fungicides showed the greatest reduction on fungal growth and OTA production. Fungicide effect on grapes was different to that on a semisynthetic grape medium. All fungicide doses were not effective at controlling A. car...

Maria Viketoft - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Free-Living Plant-Parasitic Nematodes do not Affect the Efficiency of Seed Tuber Fungicide Treatment against Rhizoctonia solani
    American Journal of Potato Research, 2017
    Co-Authors: Eva Edin, Maria Viketoft
    Abstract:

    Stem canker on germinating potato sprouts is often caused by seed-borne inoculum of the fungus Rhizoctonia solani. However, high amounts of free-living plant-parasitic nematodes have been found in field patches of potato plants with stem canker. Fungicide treatment of the seed tubers can be used to avoid stem canker caused by seed-borne inoculum but it is unknown if nematodes can affect this. To investigate whether free-living plant-parasitic nematodes, the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans or a combination of several plant-parasitic nematode genera in a full nematode community, may have a negative effect on the fungicide seed treatment, a pot experiment with seed tubers inoculated with R. solani, half of which were treated with Fungicides, was performed. The seed-borne inoculum caused severe damage to the plants, while no fungal damages were observed on the fungicide treated plants. This shows that the nematodes did not affect the fungicide treatment. The probability of black scurf decreased in treatments with a full nematode community, which may be due to the action of fungal-feeding nematodes.ResumenEl cáncer del tallo en brotes en germinación de la papa a menudo es causado por inóculo de la semilla del hongo Rhizoctonia solani. No obstante, se han encontrado grandes cantidades de nematodos fitoparásitos de vida libre en áreas del campo de plantas de papa con cáncer del tallo. Se pueden usar tratamientos de fungicidas en los tubérculos-semilla para evitar el cáncer del tallo causado por el inóculo de la semilla pero se desconoce si los nematodos pueden afectar esto. Para investigar si los nematodos fitoparásitos de vida libre, el nematodo lesionador Pratylenchus penetrans, o una combinación de varios géneros de nematodos fitoparasitos en una comunidad completa de nematodos, pudieran tener un efecto negativo en el tratamiento de fungicidas a la semilla, se desarrolló un experimento en macetas con tubérculos-semilla inoculados con R. solani, la mitad de los cuales se trataron con fungicidas. El inóculo en la semilla causó daño severo a las plantas, mientras que no se observaron daños en las plantas tratadas con fungicidas. Esto muestra que los nematodos no afectan al tratamiento con fungicidas. La probabilidad de costra negra disminuyó en los tratamientos con la comunidad completa de nematodos, lo cual pudo deberse a la acción de nematodos que se alimentan de hongos.

  • Free-Living Plant-Parasitic Nematodes do not Affect the Efficiency of Seed Tuber Fungicide Treatment against Rhizoctonia solani
    American Journal of Potato Research, 2017
    Co-Authors: Eva Edin, Maria Viketoft
    Abstract:

    Stem canker on germinating potato sprouts is often caused by seed-borne inoculum of the fungus Rhizoctonia solani . However, high amounts of free-living plant-parasitic nematodes have been found in field patches of potato plants with stem canker. Fungicide treatment of the seed tubers can be used to avoid stem canker caused by seed-borne inoculum but it is unknown if nematodes can affect this. To investigate whether free-living plant-parasitic nematodes, the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans or a combination of several plant-parasitic nematode genera in a full nematode community, may have a negative effect on the fungicide seed treatment, a pot experiment with seed tubers inoculated with R. solani , half of which were treated with Fungicides, was performed. The seed-borne inoculum caused severe damage to the plants, while no fungal damages were observed on the fungicide treated plants. This shows that the nematodes did not affect the fungicide treatment. The probability of black scurf decreased in treatments with a full nematode community, which may be due to the action of fungal-feeding nematodes. El cáncer del tallo en brotes en germinación de la papa a menudo es causado por inóculo de la semilla del hongo Rhizoctonia solani . No obstante, se han encontrado grandes cantidades de nematodos fitoparásitos de vida libre en áreas del campo de plantas de papa con cáncer del tallo. Se pueden usar tratamientos de fungicidas en los tubérculos-semilla para evitar el cáncer del tallo causado por el inóculo de la semilla pero se desconoce si los nematodos pueden afectar esto. Para investigar si los nematodos fitoparásitos de vida libre, el nematodo lesionador Pratylenchus penetrans , o una combinación de varios géneros de nematodos fitoparasitos en una comunidad completa de nematodos, pudieran tener un efecto negativo en el tratamiento de fungicidas a la semilla, se desarrolló un experimento en macetas con tubérculos-semilla inoculados con R. solani , la mitad de los cuales se trataron con fungicidas. El inóculo en la semilla causó daño severo a las plantas, mientras que no se observaron daños en las plantas tratadas con fungicidas. Esto muestra que los nematodos no afectan al tratamiento con fungicidas. La probabilidad de costra negra disminuyó en los tratamientos con la comunidad completa de nematodos, lo cual pudo deberse a la acción de nematodos que se alimentan de hongos.

M. F. Terra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Effect of Fungicides on Growth and Ochratoxin A Production by Aspergillus carbonarius from Brazilian Wine Grapes
    Journal of Food Protection, 2016
    Co-Authors: M. F. Terra, Nathasha De Azevedo Lira, Fabiana Reinis Franca Passamani, Maria Das Gracas Cardoso, Wilder Douglas Santiago, Luís Roberto Batista
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Prevention in the field of mycotoxin-producing fungi is the most effective strategy for controlling the presence of mycotoxins in foods. Chemical Fungicides are widely used to protect crops, so their implications on mycotoxin production need to be considered. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect in vitro and on grapes of five Fungicides commonly used on grape cultures in Brazil on Aspergillus carbonarius growth and ochratoxin A (OTA) production. At the doses recommended by manufacturers, most Fungicides significantly reduced A. carbonarius growth and OTA production in vitro, whereas this effect was influenced by the type of fungicide, dose, and temperature. Temperature was the main factor that influenced the effectiveness of Fungicides. In general, at 15°C, Fungicides showed the greatest reduction on fungal growth and OTA production. Fungicide effect on grapes was different to that on a semisynthetic grape medium. All fungicide doses were not effective at controlling A. car...

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