The Experts below are selected from a list of 252 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yuji Naruse - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of laser raman spectroscopy to analysis of isotopic C2 hydrocarbons in Fusion Fuel gas processing
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1992Co-Authors: Tatsuhiko Uda, Kenji Okuno, Yuji NaruseAbstract:Gaseous C2 hydrocarbons, which would be the major impurities after methane in plasma exhaust gases, were analyzed by laser Raman spectrometry. Deuterated C2 hydrocarbons, which were prepared by mixing acetylene, ethylene or ethane with D2 gas were experimentally measured. Suitable bands for quantitative analyses can be selected as the v2 vibrations at 1,764~1,973 cm−1, v2 vibrations at 1,518~1,627 cm−1 and some V3 vibrations at 985~1,344 cm−1, and V3 vibrations at 842~994 cm−1, for deuterated acetylenes, ethylenes and ethanes respectively. Those bands are based on the CC stretching vibrations, except for the deformation vibration V3 of the ethylenes. Isotopie C2 hydrocarbons in Fusion Fuel gas processing will be analyzed by using the same bands in laser Raman spectroscopy.
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Application of laser Raman spectroscopy to isotopic methanes analysis in Fusion Fuel gas processing systems
Fusion Technology, 1992Co-Authors: Tatsuhiko Uda, Kenji Okuno, Yuji NaruseAbstract:This paper reports that to study application o laser Raman spectroscopy for Fusion Fuel gas analysis by an in situ method, methane (CH{sub 4}) and tritium (T{sub 2}) mixed gases were measured. In the mixed gases, hydrogen isotope exchange reactions were induced by beta decay, and various isotopic hydrogens and methanes were produced. Spectral peaks of {nu}{sub 1} and {nu}{sub 3} bands were detected individually for CH{sub 4} and four tritiated methanes. The {nu}{sub 1} bands between 1700-1900 cm{sup {minus}1} were selected as suitable ones for quantitative analysis. After mixing T{sub 2} and CH{sub 4} gases, while large amounts of tritiated methanes were produced as time lapsed, the equilibrium state was not reached by the time 1000 h had passed. It was presumed that the isotope exchange reactions were very slow compared to mixed gases of just hydrogen isotopes.
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Experiences with a Japanese-American Fusion Fuel Processing Hardware Project
Fusion Technology, 1992Co-Authors: J.w. Barnes, James L. Anderson, John R. Bartlit, Satoshi Konishi, R.v. Carlson, M. Inoue, Yuji NaruseAbstract:This paper reports that the United States Department of Energy (USDOE) and the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) have installed a full-sale Fuel cleanup system (JFCU) for testing at Los Alamos. The JFCU was designed by JAERI and built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) in Kobe, Japan. Experience gained by Japanese working at Los Alamos facilitated development of a system consistent with Los Alamos operations and standards. US or equivalent Japanese standards were generally used for design resulting in minor problems at electrical interfaces. Frequent written interchanges were essential to project success, as spoken communications can be misunderstood. Differing work styles required detailed pre-planning, separation of responsibilities, and daily scheduling meetings. Safety and operational documentation drafted by JAERI personnel was revised at Los Alamos to assure conformance with USDOE and Los Alamos standards. The project was successful because both Japanese and American participants worked hard to overcome potential problems. These experiences will be valuable in conducting future international Fusion projects.
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Development of In-Situ Gas Analyzer for Hydrogen Isotopes in Fusion Fuel Gas Processing
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1991Co-Authors: Kenji Okuno, S. O'hira, Tatsuhikou Uda, Yuji NaruseAbstract:To develop a real time and in-situ process gas analyzer for Fusion Fuel gas processing systems, application study of laser Raman spectroscopy was performed by measurement of hydrogen isotopes. Using an Ari on type laser of which wavelength 488 nm, power 0.7 W, and single pass irradiation method, Raman spectra of hydrogen isotopes were measured and intensities of the Stokes rotational lines and Q-branch were quantitatively analyzed. The Stokes rotational lines at 587, 443 and 415 cm1 were selected as suitable ones for quantitative analysis of H2, HD and D2. Normalizing the Raman intensity of partial pressure H2 as 100, relative Raman intensity ratio of H2:HD:D2 was obtained as 100:58:47. The detection limit for hydrogen was estimated as 0.05 kPa in partial pressure and 500 ppm in concentration. But multiple pass method further improved the detection limit to 100 ppm.
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high concentration tritium gas measurement with small volume ionization chambers for Fusion Fuel gas monitors
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1991Co-Authors: T Uda, Kenji Okuno, Yuji Matsuda, Yuji NaruseAbstract:To apply ionization chambers to Fusion Fuel gas processing systems, high concentration tritium gas was experimentally measured with small volume 0.16 and 21.6 cm3 ionization chambers. From plateau curves, the optimum electric field strength was obtained as 100–200 V/cm. Detection efficiency was confirmed as dependent on the ionization ability of the filled gas, and moreover on its stopping power, because when the range of the β-rays was shortened, the probability of energy loss by collisions with the electrode and chamber wall increased. Loss of ions by recombination was prevented by using a small volume ionization chamber. For example the 0.16 cm3 ionization chamber gave measurements with linearity to above 40% tritium gas. After the tritium gas measurements, the concentration levels inside the chamber were estimated from their memory currents. Although more than 1/4,000 of the maximum current was observed as a memory effect, the smaller ionization chamber gave a smaller memory effect.
Kenji Okuno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of laser raman spectroscopy to analysis of isotopic C2 hydrocarbons in Fusion Fuel gas processing
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1992Co-Authors: Tatsuhiko Uda, Kenji Okuno, Yuji NaruseAbstract:Gaseous C2 hydrocarbons, which would be the major impurities after methane in plasma exhaust gases, were analyzed by laser Raman spectrometry. Deuterated C2 hydrocarbons, which were prepared by mixing acetylene, ethylene or ethane with D2 gas were experimentally measured. Suitable bands for quantitative analyses can be selected as the v2 vibrations at 1,764~1,973 cm−1, v2 vibrations at 1,518~1,627 cm−1 and some V3 vibrations at 985~1,344 cm−1, and V3 vibrations at 842~994 cm−1, for deuterated acetylenes, ethylenes and ethanes respectively. Those bands are based on the CC stretching vibrations, except for the deformation vibration V3 of the ethylenes. Isotopie C2 hydrocarbons in Fusion Fuel gas processing will be analyzed by using the same bands in laser Raman spectroscopy.
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Application of laser Raman spectroscopy to isotopic methanes analysis in Fusion Fuel gas processing systems
Fusion Technology, 1992Co-Authors: Tatsuhiko Uda, Kenji Okuno, Yuji NaruseAbstract:This paper reports that to study application o laser Raman spectroscopy for Fusion Fuel gas analysis by an in situ method, methane (CH{sub 4}) and tritium (T{sub 2}) mixed gases were measured. In the mixed gases, hydrogen isotope exchange reactions were induced by beta decay, and various isotopic hydrogens and methanes were produced. Spectral peaks of {nu}{sub 1} and {nu}{sub 3} bands were detected individually for CH{sub 4} and four tritiated methanes. The {nu}{sub 1} bands between 1700-1900 cm{sup {minus}1} were selected as suitable ones for quantitative analysis. After mixing T{sub 2} and CH{sub 4} gases, while large amounts of tritiated methanes were produced as time lapsed, the equilibrium state was not reached by the time 1000 h had passed. It was presumed that the isotope exchange reactions were very slow compared to mixed gases of just hydrogen isotopes.
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Development of In-Situ Gas Analyzer for Hydrogen Isotopes in Fusion Fuel Gas Processing
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1991Co-Authors: Kenji Okuno, S. O'hira, Tatsuhikou Uda, Yuji NaruseAbstract:To develop a real time and in-situ process gas analyzer for Fusion Fuel gas processing systems, application study of laser Raman spectroscopy was performed by measurement of hydrogen isotopes. Using an Ari on type laser of which wavelength 488 nm, power 0.7 W, and single pass irradiation method, Raman spectra of hydrogen isotopes were measured and intensities of the Stokes rotational lines and Q-branch were quantitatively analyzed. The Stokes rotational lines at 587, 443 and 415 cm1 were selected as suitable ones for quantitative analysis of H2, HD and D2. Normalizing the Raman intensity of partial pressure H2 as 100, relative Raman intensity ratio of H2:HD:D2 was obtained as 100:58:47. The detection limit for hydrogen was estimated as 0.05 kPa in partial pressure and 500 ppm in concentration. But multiple pass method further improved the detection limit to 100 ppm.
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high concentration tritium gas measurement with small volume ionization chambers for Fusion Fuel gas monitors
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1991Co-Authors: T Uda, Kenji Okuno, Yuji Matsuda, Yuji NaruseAbstract:To apply ionization chambers to Fusion Fuel gas processing systems, high concentration tritium gas was experimentally measured with small volume 0.16 and 21.6 cm3 ionization chambers. From plateau curves, the optimum electric field strength was obtained as 100–200 V/cm. Detection efficiency was confirmed as dependent on the ionization ability of the filled gas, and moreover on its stopping power, because when the range of the β-rays was shortened, the probability of energy loss by collisions with the electrode and chamber wall increased. Loss of ions by recombination was prevented by using a small volume ionization chamber. For example the 0.16 cm3 ionization chamber gave measurements with linearity to above 40% tritium gas. After the tritium gas measurements, the concentration levels inside the chamber were estimated from their memory currents. Although more than 1/4,000 of the maximum current was observed as a memory effect, the smaller ionization chamber gave a smaller memory effect.
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Preliminary Study of Isotopic Methanes Analysis by Laser Raman Spectroscopy for In-Situ Measurement at Fusion Fuel Gas Processing
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1991Co-Authors: Tatsuhiko Uda, S. O'hira, Kenji Okuno, Yuji NaruseAbstract:Application of laser Raman spectroscopy for Fusion Fuel gas processing was studied by measuring isotopic methanes exchanged with hydrogen isotopes, which are considered to be a major impurities in the processing. For experimental gases, isotopically equilibrated deuterium and methane were prepared in the presence of solid catalyst. Large Raman scattering peaks of v 1, bands were observed at 2,917 cm−1 for CH4 and at 2,100-2,200 cm−1 for deuterated derivatives of methane C(H,D)4. Under a spectral resolution of 5 cm−1, the v 1 bands of CH3D and CH2D2 were observed as an overlapped peak, the relative absolute Raman intensity ratio of each isotopic methane was obtained as CH4: CH3D+CH2D2: CHD3: CD4=230: 74: 144: 100. On the other hand, the Raman intensity ratio obtained from pure deuterated standard methane was CH4: CH3D: CH2D2: CHD3: CD4=230: 53: 33: 115: 105. It was confirmed that isotopically equilibrated hydrogen isotopes and methane mixed gas would be applicable for an alternative standard gas for Fusion...
Tatsuhiko Uda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of laser raman spectroscopy to analysis of isotopic C2 hydrocarbons in Fusion Fuel gas processing
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1992Co-Authors: Tatsuhiko Uda, Kenji Okuno, Yuji NaruseAbstract:Gaseous C2 hydrocarbons, which would be the major impurities after methane in plasma exhaust gases, were analyzed by laser Raman spectrometry. Deuterated C2 hydrocarbons, which were prepared by mixing acetylene, ethylene or ethane with D2 gas were experimentally measured. Suitable bands for quantitative analyses can be selected as the v2 vibrations at 1,764~1,973 cm−1, v2 vibrations at 1,518~1,627 cm−1 and some V3 vibrations at 985~1,344 cm−1, and V3 vibrations at 842~994 cm−1, for deuterated acetylenes, ethylenes and ethanes respectively. Those bands are based on the CC stretching vibrations, except for the deformation vibration V3 of the ethylenes. Isotopie C2 hydrocarbons in Fusion Fuel gas processing will be analyzed by using the same bands in laser Raman spectroscopy.
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Application of laser Raman spectroscopy to isotopic methanes analysis in Fusion Fuel gas processing systems
Fusion Technology, 1992Co-Authors: Tatsuhiko Uda, Kenji Okuno, Yuji NaruseAbstract:This paper reports that to study application o laser Raman spectroscopy for Fusion Fuel gas analysis by an in situ method, methane (CH{sub 4}) and tritium (T{sub 2}) mixed gases were measured. In the mixed gases, hydrogen isotope exchange reactions were induced by beta decay, and various isotopic hydrogens and methanes were produced. Spectral peaks of {nu}{sub 1} and {nu}{sub 3} bands were detected individually for CH{sub 4} and four tritiated methanes. The {nu}{sub 1} bands between 1700-1900 cm{sup {minus}1} were selected as suitable ones for quantitative analysis. After mixing T{sub 2} and CH{sub 4} gases, while large amounts of tritiated methanes were produced as time lapsed, the equilibrium state was not reached by the time 1000 h had passed. It was presumed that the isotope exchange reactions were very slow compared to mixed gases of just hydrogen isotopes.
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Application Study of Laser Raman Spectroscopy to In Situ Gas Analysis for Fusion Fuel Processing Systems
Fusion Technology, 1991Co-Authors: Tatsuhiko Uda, S. O'hira, Kiyoshi Okuno, Yuji NaruseAbstract:AbstractTo study the application of laser Raman spectroscopy to analysis Fusion Fuel processing gas, six hydrogen isotopes were experimentally measured. Raman spectra of these mixture gases showed that the useful lines for quantitative analysis are Stokes rotations below 1000 cm−1, with representative lines for H2, HD, D2, HT, DT and T2 being 587, 443, 415, 395, 250 and 200 cm−1 respectively. The absolute Raman intensity ratio was estimated as H2:HD:D2:HT:DT:T2 = 100:58:47:46:36:41. With the laser wavelength of 488 nm, power of 700 mW and using a multiple pass system, the detection limit for H2 was 10 Pa, which was the equivalent of 100 ppm in concentration. As a remote sensing technology, the optical fiber was verified as applicable for transferring the irradiation laser beam.
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Preliminary Study of Isotopic Methanes Analysis by Laser Raman Spectroscopy for In-Situ Measurement at Fusion Fuel Gas Processing
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1991Co-Authors: Tatsuhiko Uda, S. O'hira, Kenji Okuno, Yuji NaruseAbstract:Application of laser Raman spectroscopy for Fusion Fuel gas processing was studied by measuring isotopic methanes exchanged with hydrogen isotopes, which are considered to be a major impurities in the processing. For experimental gases, isotopically equilibrated deuterium and methane were prepared in the presence of solid catalyst. Large Raman scattering peaks of v 1, bands were observed at 2,917 cm−1 for CH4 and at 2,100-2,200 cm−1 for deuterated derivatives of methane C(H,D)4. Under a spectral resolution of 5 cm−1, the v 1 bands of CH3D and CH2D2 were observed as an overlapped peak, the relative absolute Raman intensity ratio of each isotopic methane was obtained as CH4: CH3D+CH2D2: CHD3: CD4=230: 74: 144: 100. On the other hand, the Raman intensity ratio obtained from pure deuterated standard methane was CH4: CH3D: CH2D2: CHD3: CD4=230: 53: 33: 115: 105. It was confirmed that isotopically equilibrated hydrogen isotopes and methane mixed gas would be applicable for an alternative standard gas for Fusion...
S. O'hira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Progress of Fusion Fuel processing system development at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute
Fusion Engineering and Design, 2000Co-Authors: Masataka Nishi, Toshihiko Yamanishi, Yoshinori Kawamura, Yasunori Iwai, Takumi Hayashi, K. Isobe, S. O'hira, Hirofumi Nakamura, Kazuhiro Kobayashi, T. Hayashi, T. Yamanishi, H. Nakamura, T. SuzukiAbstract:The Tritium Process Laboratory (TPL) at the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute has been working on the development of Fuel processing technology for Fusion reactors as a major activity. A Fusion Fuel processing loop was installed and is being tested with tritium under reactor relevant conditions. The loop at the TPL consists of ZrCo based tritium storage beds, a plasma exhaust processing system using a palladium diffuser and an electrolytic reactor, cryogenic distillation columns for isotope separation, and analytical systems based on newly developed micro gas chromatographs and Raman Spectroscopy. Several extended demonstration campaigns were performed under realistic reactor conditions to test tritiated impurity processing. A sophisticated control technique of distillation column was performed at the same time, and integrated Fuel circulation was successfully demonstrated. Major recent design work on the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) tritium plant at the TPL is devoted to water detritiation based on liquid phase catalytic exchange for improved tritium removal from waste water.
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Development of In-Situ Gas Analyzer for Hydrogen Isotopes in Fusion Fuel Gas Processing
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1991Co-Authors: Kenji Okuno, S. O'hira, Tatsuhikou Uda, Yuji NaruseAbstract:To develop a real time and in-situ process gas analyzer for Fusion Fuel gas processing systems, application study of laser Raman spectroscopy was performed by measurement of hydrogen isotopes. Using an Ari on type laser of which wavelength 488 nm, power 0.7 W, and single pass irradiation method, Raman spectra of hydrogen isotopes were measured and intensities of the Stokes rotational lines and Q-branch were quantitatively analyzed. The Stokes rotational lines at 587, 443 and 415 cm1 were selected as suitable ones for quantitative analysis of H2, HD and D2. Normalizing the Raman intensity of partial pressure H2 as 100, relative Raman intensity ratio of H2:HD:D2 was obtained as 100:58:47. The detection limit for hydrogen was estimated as 0.05 kPa in partial pressure and 500 ppm in concentration. But multiple pass method further improved the detection limit to 100 ppm.
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Application Study of Laser Raman Spectroscopy to In Situ Gas Analysis for Fusion Fuel Processing Systems
Fusion Technology, 1991Co-Authors: Tatsuhiko Uda, S. O'hira, Kiyoshi Okuno, Yuji NaruseAbstract:AbstractTo study the application of laser Raman spectroscopy to analysis Fusion Fuel processing gas, six hydrogen isotopes were experimentally measured. Raman spectra of these mixture gases showed that the useful lines for quantitative analysis are Stokes rotations below 1000 cm−1, with representative lines for H2, HD, D2, HT, DT and T2 being 587, 443, 415, 395, 250 and 200 cm−1 respectively. The absolute Raman intensity ratio was estimated as H2:HD:D2:HT:DT:T2 = 100:58:47:46:36:41. With the laser wavelength of 488 nm, power of 700 mW and using a multiple pass system, the detection limit for H2 was 10 Pa, which was the equivalent of 100 ppm in concentration. As a remote sensing technology, the optical fiber was verified as applicable for transferring the irradiation laser beam.
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Preliminary Study of Isotopic Methanes Analysis by Laser Raman Spectroscopy for In-Situ Measurement at Fusion Fuel Gas Processing
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1991Co-Authors: Tatsuhiko Uda, S. O'hira, Kenji Okuno, Yuji NaruseAbstract:Application of laser Raman spectroscopy for Fusion Fuel gas processing was studied by measuring isotopic methanes exchanged with hydrogen isotopes, which are considered to be a major impurities in the processing. For experimental gases, isotopically equilibrated deuterium and methane were prepared in the presence of solid catalyst. Large Raman scattering peaks of v 1, bands were observed at 2,917 cm−1 for CH4 and at 2,100-2,200 cm−1 for deuterated derivatives of methane C(H,D)4. Under a spectral resolution of 5 cm−1, the v 1 bands of CH3D and CH2D2 were observed as an overlapped peak, the relative absolute Raman intensity ratio of each isotopic methane was obtained as CH4: CH3D+CH2D2: CHD3: CD4=230: 74: 144: 100. On the other hand, the Raman intensity ratio obtained from pure deuterated standard methane was CH4: CH3D: CH2D2: CHD3: CD4=230: 53: 33: 115: 105. It was confirmed that isotopically equilibrated hydrogen isotopes and methane mixed gas would be applicable for an alternative standard gas for Fusion...
T Uda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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high concentration tritium gas measurement with small volume ionization chambers for Fusion Fuel gas monitors
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 1991Co-Authors: T Uda, Kenji Okuno, Yuji Matsuda, Yuji NaruseAbstract:To apply ionization chambers to Fusion Fuel gas processing systems, high concentration tritium gas was experimentally measured with small volume 0.16 and 21.6 cm3 ionization chambers. From plateau curves, the optimum electric field strength was obtained as 100–200 V/cm. Detection efficiency was confirmed as dependent on the ionization ability of the filled gas, and moreover on its stopping power, because when the range of the β-rays was shortened, the probability of energy loss by collisions with the electrode and chamber wall increased. Loss of ions by recombination was prevented by using a small volume ionization chamber. For example the 0.16 cm3 ionization chamber gave measurements with linearity to above 40% tritium gas. After the tritium gas measurements, the concentration levels inside the chamber were estimated from their memory currents. Although more than 1/4,000 of the maximum current was observed as a memory effect, the smaller ionization chamber gave a smaller memory effect.
