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Thomas A E Plattsmills - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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galactose alpha 1 3 galactose sensitization is a prerequisite for pork kidney allergy and cofactor related mammalian meat anaphylaxis
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2014Co-Authors: Jorg Fischer, Thomas A E Plattsmills, Johanna Hebsaker, Patricia Caponetto, Tilo BiedermannAbstract:auto-injector (k 5 0.57, 95% CI 0.38-0.76), and less agreement between self-reported peanut allergy and peanut allergy defined by the 90% specificity decision point only (k5 0.49, 95%CI 0.310.68). Each epidemiologic method for assessing peanut allergy prevalencehas strengths and limitations.Double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges are the gold standard for clinical peanut allergy diagnosis, but these are challenging to implement in large, unselected cohorts and have not been done in unselected US cohorts. As diagnostic adjuncts, component resolved diagnostics may also be increasingly implemented in epidemiologic cohorts going forward. In this letter, we have provided prevalence estimates according to several criteria that can be compared to one another and to previous estimates.Our results come fromaUScohort of children not selected for allergy or any disease, and they support that peanut allergy is an increasingly prevalent condition. Supinda Bunyavanich, MD, MPH Sheryl L. Rifas-Shiman, MPH Thomas A. E. Platts-Mills, MD Lisa Workman, BA Joanne E. Sordillo, ScD Matthew W. Gillman, MD, SM Diane R. Gold, MD, MPH Augusto A. Litonjua, MD, MPH
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delayed clinical and ex vivo response to mammalian meat in patients with ige to galactose alpha 1 3 galactose
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2014Co-Authors: Scott P Commins, Hayley R James, Whitney W Stevens, S L Pochan, Michael H Land, Carol King, Susan Mozzicato, Thomas A E PlattsmillsAbstract:Background In 2009, we reported a novel form of delayed anaphylaxis to red meat related to serum IgE antibodies to the oligosaccharide Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). Although patients were remarkably consistent in their description of a 3- to 6-hour delay between eating mammalian meat and the appearance of symptoms, this delay has not been demonstrated under observed studies. Objectives We sought to formally document the time course of clinical symptoms after the ingestion of mammalian meat in subjects with IgE to alpha-gal and to monitor ex vivo for the appearance of markers of an allergic reaction. Methods Open food challenges were performed with mammalian meat in 12 subjects with a history of severe urticarial reactions 3 to 6 hours after eating beef, pork, or lamb, as well as in 13 control subjects. Blood samples were taken hourly during each challenge. Results Ten of 12 subjects with IgE to alpha-gal had clinical evidence of a reaction during the food challenge (vs none of the control subjects, P Conclusion The results presented provide clear evidence of an IgE-mediated food allergy that occurs several hours after ingestion of the inciting allergen. Moreover, here we report that in vivo basophil activation during a food challenge occurs in the same time frame as clinical symptoms and likely reflects the appearance of the antigen in the bloodstream.
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tick bites and red meat allergy
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2013Co-Authors: Scott P Commins, Thomas A E PlattsmillsAbstract:Purpose of review A novel form of anaphylaxis has been described that is due to IgE antibody (Ab) directed against a mammalian oligosaccharide epitope, Galactose-alpha-1, 3-galactose (alpha-gal). Ongoing work regarding the cause and distribution of this IgE response is reviewed.
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delayed anaphylaxis to red meat in patients with ige specific for galactose alpha 1 3 galactose alpha gal
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 2013Co-Authors: Scott P Commins, Thomas A E PlattsmillsAbstract:Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be rapidly progressing and fatal. In instances where the triggering allergen is not known, establishing the etiology of anaphylaxis is pivotal to long-term risk management. Our recent work has identified a novel IgE antibody (Ab) response to a mammalian oligosaccharide epitope, Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal), that has been associated with two distinct forms of anaphylaxis: (1) immediate onset anaphylaxis during first exposure to intravenous cetuximab, and (2) delayed onset anaphylaxis 3–6 h after ingestion of mammalian food products (e.g., beef and pork). The results of our studies strongly suggest that tick bites are a cause, if not the only significant cause, of IgE Ab responses to alpha-gal in the southern, eastern and central United States. Patients with IgE Ab to alpha-gal continue to emerge and, increasingly, these cases involve children. This IgE Ab response cross-reacts with cat and dog but does not appear to pose a risk for asthma; however, it may impair diagnostic testing in some situations.
Scott P Commins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Delayed anaphylaxis to alpha-gal, an oligosaccharide in mammalian meat
Elsevier, 2016Co-Authors: Scott P Commins, Maya R. Jerath, Kelly Cox, Loren D. Erickson, Thomas Platts-millsAbstract:IgE-mediated hypersensitivity refers to immune reactions that can be rapidly progressing and, in the case of anaphylaxis, are occasionally fatal. To that end, identification of the associated allergen is important for facilitating both education and allergen avoidance that are essential to long-term risk reduction. As the number of known exposures associated with anaphylaxis is limited, discovery of novel causative agents is crucial to evaluation and management of patients with idiopathic anaphylaxis. Within the last 10 years several apparently separate observations were recognized to be related, all of which resulted from the development of antibodies to a carbohydrate moiety on proteins. Interestingly, the exposure differed from airborne allergens but was nevertheless capable of producing anaphylactic and hypersensitivity reactions. Our recent work has identified these responses as being due to a novel IgE antibody directed against a mammalian oligosaccharide epitope, Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (“alpha-gal”). This review will present the historical summary of the identification of cetuximab hypersensitivity due to alpha-gal IgE and discuss the non-primate mammalian meat food allergy as well as current goals and directions of our research programs
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delayed clinical and ex vivo response to mammalian meat in patients with ige to galactose alpha 1 3 galactose
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2014Co-Authors: Scott P Commins, Hayley R James, Whitney W Stevens, S L Pochan, Michael H Land, Carol King, Susan Mozzicato, Thomas A E PlattsmillsAbstract:Background In 2009, we reported a novel form of delayed anaphylaxis to red meat related to serum IgE antibodies to the oligosaccharide Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). Although patients were remarkably consistent in their description of a 3- to 6-hour delay between eating mammalian meat and the appearance of symptoms, this delay has not been demonstrated under observed studies. Objectives We sought to formally document the time course of clinical symptoms after the ingestion of mammalian meat in subjects with IgE to alpha-gal and to monitor ex vivo for the appearance of markers of an allergic reaction. Methods Open food challenges were performed with mammalian meat in 12 subjects with a history of severe urticarial reactions 3 to 6 hours after eating beef, pork, or lamb, as well as in 13 control subjects. Blood samples were taken hourly during each challenge. Results Ten of 12 subjects with IgE to alpha-gal had clinical evidence of a reaction during the food challenge (vs none of the control subjects, P Conclusion The results presented provide clear evidence of an IgE-mediated food allergy that occurs several hours after ingestion of the inciting allergen. Moreover, here we report that in vivo basophil activation during a food challenge occurs in the same time frame as clinical symptoms and likely reflects the appearance of the antigen in the bloodstream.
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tick bites and red meat allergy
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2013Co-Authors: Scott P Commins, Thomas A E PlattsmillsAbstract:Purpose of review A novel form of anaphylaxis has been described that is due to IgE antibody (Ab) directed against a mammalian oligosaccharide epitope, Galactose-alpha-1, 3-galactose (alpha-gal). Ongoing work regarding the cause and distribution of this IgE response is reviewed.
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delayed anaphylaxis to red meat in patients with ige specific for galactose alpha 1 3 galactose alpha gal
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 2013Co-Authors: Scott P Commins, Thomas A E PlattsmillsAbstract:Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be rapidly progressing and fatal. In instances where the triggering allergen is not known, establishing the etiology of anaphylaxis is pivotal to long-term risk management. Our recent work has identified a novel IgE antibody (Ab) response to a mammalian oligosaccharide epitope, Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal), that has been associated with two distinct forms of anaphylaxis: (1) immediate onset anaphylaxis during first exposure to intravenous cetuximab, and (2) delayed onset anaphylaxis 3–6 h after ingestion of mammalian food products (e.g., beef and pork). The results of our studies strongly suggest that tick bites are a cause, if not the only significant cause, of IgE Ab responses to alpha-gal in the southern, eastern and central United States. Patients with IgE Ab to alpha-gal continue to emerge and, increasingly, these cases involve children. This IgE Ab response cross-reacts with cat and dog but does not appear to pose a risk for asthma; however, it may impair diagnostic testing in some situations.
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Allergenicity of Carbohydrates and Their Role in Anaphylactic Events
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 2010Co-Authors: Scott P Commins, Thomas A. E. Platts-millsAbstract:The IgE response to pollen allergens often includes IgE antibodies specific for glycosylation motifs on the pollen proteins. These oligosaccharides are present on many different species and are known as cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants . However, IgE antibodies to plant-derived cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants seem to have only minor clinical significance and have not been related to anaphylaxis. Recently, two novel forms of anaphylaxis have become apparent in the southeastern United States: 1) reactions during the first infusion of the monoclonal antibody cetuximab and 2) adult-onset delayed anaphylaxis to red meat. Detailed investigation of serum antibodies established that in both cases, the patients had IgE antibodies specific for the mammalian oligosaccharide galactose alpha-1, 3-galactose. Identification of these cases is helpful in avoiding infusion reactions to cetuximab or recommending specific avoidance of meat derived from mammals. However, the current evidence does not fully resolve why these IgE antibodies are so common in the Southeast or why the anaphylactic or urticarial reactions to red meat are delayed.
Kikuo Onozaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of glycosylated human interleukin 1alpha neoglyco il 1alpha coupled with d galactose monosaccharide biological activities in vivo
Glycoconjugate Journal, 1998Co-Authors: Sachi Nabeshima, Kayoko Moriya, Taku Chiba, Yutaka Takei, Asako Ono, Kikuo OnozakiAbstract:In the previous study, galactose with C9 spacer was chemically coupled to human recombinant (rh) IL-1 alpha in order to study the effect of glycosylation on its activities, and to develop IL-1 with less deleterious effects. In this study we examined a variety of IL-1 activities in vitro, including proliferative effect on T cells, antiproliferative effect on myeloid leukemic cells and melanoma cells, stimulatory effects on IL-6 synthesis by melanoma cells and PGE2 synthesis by fibroblast cells Galactose-introduced IL-1 alpha (Gal-IL-1 alpha) exhibited reduced activities from 10 to 10000 times compared with unmodified IL-1 alpha in all the activities performed in vitro. The competitive binding of 125I-IL-1 alpha to mouse T cells and pre-B cells with unlabeled IL-1 alpha s suggests a decrease in binding affinities of Gal-IL-1 alpha to both type I and type II IL-1 receptors. Therefore, reduced activities of Gal-IL-1 alpha are due, at least partially, to the decrease in their receptor binding affinities.
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development of glycosylated human interleukin 1alpha neoglyco il 1alpha by coupling with d galactose monosaccharide synthesis and purification
Glycoconjugate Journal, 1998Co-Authors: Taku Chiba, Sachi Nabeshima, Yutaka Takei, Kikuo OnozakiAbstract:In order to develop glycosylated cytokine, recombinant human IL-1 alpha was chemically modified with galactose monosaccharide. Galactose with C9 spacer, 8-(hydrazinocarbonyl)octyl beta-D-galctopyranoside (3), was synthesized by glycosylation of C9 spacer, methyl 9-hydroxynonanoate, with acetobromogalactose, followed by deacetylation and hydrazidation. Total yield of 3 was 43.6% in three steps. Compound 3 was coupled to IL-1 alpha by the acyl azide method. The glycosylated IL-1 was purified by anion-exchange chromatography, and galactose coupled to IL-1 was confirmed by R. communis lectin blotting. Based on the molecular weight, the average number of carbohydrate molecules introduced per molecule of IL-1 alpha was estimated to be 9.1.
Heather C James - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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exercise induced anaphylaxis after consumption of red meat in a patient with ige antibodies specific for galactose alpha 1 3 galactose
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 2015Co-Authors: Mary E Knight, Kathryn Wyatt, Heather C JamesAbstract:In 2009, Commins and Platts-Mills reported a “novel form of delayed anaphylaxis to red meat” related to serum IgE antibodies to the oligosaccharide galactose-alpha 1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) caused by a tick bite from the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum. It is now recognized that IgE antibody to alpha-gal is common in the southeastern United States and is associated with 2 forms of anaphylaxis: immediate-onset anaphylaxis during first exposure to intravenous cetuximab and delayed-onset anaphylaxis after ingestion of mammalian meat. This information has added a new aspect to the care of patients who might otherwise have been diagnosed with idiopathic anaphylaxis, which can be quite frustrating for patients and clinicians alike. In cases of mammalian meat allergy due to alphagal, we are now able to provide patients with the answer to the frequently asked question, “What can I do to prevent these reactions?” Not only can we provide them with a diagnosis, but in so doing we improve their quality of life and provide them with the knowledge of what to avoid to prevent these potentially life-threatening reactions. Although more cases have been recognized and diagnosed since the initial report of anaphylaxis to mammalian meat due to alpha-gal, there are multiple factors that can prevent or delay diagnosis. As Tripathi et al noted, “the lack of enthusiasm for this syndrome could be easily understood because its features run counter to many established teachings about food allergy and anaphylaxis.” It is taught that food allergy reactions typically begin within 1 to 2 hours of consumption of the offending food and with every ingestion. However, in alpha-galeinduced mammal meat allergy, the reaction is delayed, and in most cases occurs 3 to 6 hours after consuming beef, pork, venison, or lamb. Many patients do not have positive skin prick test results to meat extracts. Therefore, intradermal testing to meat is now being done. Patients also may be unaware of or fail to recall previous tick bites. In addition, patients may not experience reactions with every ingestion of mammalian meat, which may be due to the type, processing, dose, and/or preparation of the mammalian meat product. It should be noted that the severity of reactions may worsen over time with continued tick bites. The most commonly reported symptom was itching. To add to the growing body of knowledge regarding mammalian meat allergy due to alpha-gal, we are presenting a novel case of exercise-induced anaphylaxis (EIA) after ingestion of red meat in a patient with IgE antibodies to alpha-gal. In this case, the reactions also occurred more rapidly than typical alphagal reactions, happening in 1 to 1/2 hours instead of 3 to 6 hours.
Taku Chiba - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of glycosylated human interleukin 1alpha neoglyco il 1alpha coupled with d galactose monosaccharide biological activities in vivo
Glycoconjugate Journal, 1998Co-Authors: Sachi Nabeshima, Kayoko Moriya, Taku Chiba, Yutaka Takei, Asako Ono, Kikuo OnozakiAbstract:In the previous study, galactose with C9 spacer was chemically coupled to human recombinant (rh) IL-1 alpha in order to study the effect of glycosylation on its activities, and to develop IL-1 with less deleterious effects. In this study we examined a variety of IL-1 activities in vitro, including proliferative effect on T cells, antiproliferative effect on myeloid leukemic cells and melanoma cells, stimulatory effects on IL-6 synthesis by melanoma cells and PGE2 synthesis by fibroblast cells Galactose-introduced IL-1 alpha (Gal-IL-1 alpha) exhibited reduced activities from 10 to 10000 times compared with unmodified IL-1 alpha in all the activities performed in vitro. The competitive binding of 125I-IL-1 alpha to mouse T cells and pre-B cells with unlabeled IL-1 alpha s suggests a decrease in binding affinities of Gal-IL-1 alpha to both type I and type II IL-1 receptors. Therefore, reduced activities of Gal-IL-1 alpha are due, at least partially, to the decrease in their receptor binding affinities.
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development of glycosylated human interleukin 1alpha neoglyco il 1alpha by coupling with d galactose monosaccharide synthesis and purification
Glycoconjugate Journal, 1998Co-Authors: Taku Chiba, Sachi Nabeshima, Yutaka Takei, Kikuo OnozakiAbstract:In order to develop glycosylated cytokine, recombinant human IL-1 alpha was chemically modified with galactose monosaccharide. Galactose with C9 spacer, 8-(hydrazinocarbonyl)octyl beta-D-galctopyranoside (3), was synthesized by glycosylation of C9 spacer, methyl 9-hydroxynonanoate, with acetobromogalactose, followed by deacetylation and hydrazidation. Total yield of 3 was 43.6% in three steps. Compound 3 was coupled to IL-1 alpha by the acyl azide method. The glycosylated IL-1 was purified by anion-exchange chromatography, and galactose coupled to IL-1 was confirmed by R. communis lectin blotting. Based on the molecular weight, the average number of carbohydrate molecules introduced per molecule of IL-1 alpha was estimated to be 9.1.
