The Experts below are selected from a list of 54 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
William C Knowler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gamma Globulin levels predict type 2 diabetes in the pima indian population
Diabetes, 2001Co-Authors: Robert S Lindsay, Jonathan Krakoff, Robert L Hanson, Peter H Bennett, William C KnowlerAbstract:It has been proposed that inflammation or infection may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. We examined whether serum Gamma Globulin, a nonspecific measure of the humoral immune system, predicted changes in glucose tolerance in 2,530 members of the Pima Indian population, a group with a marked predisposition to type 2 diabetes. Cross-sectionally, Gamma Globulin was positively related to age (r = 0.08, P < 0.0005), BMI (r = 0.09; P < 0.0001), and female sex (P < 0.0001). Gamma Globulin concentrations were familial, being positively correlated among siblings (r = 0.23; P < 0.0001) and between parents and their children (mother/child: r = 0.17, P < 0.0001; father/child: r = 0.25, P < 0.0001). Gamma Globulin concentrations were higher with greater degrees of American Indian heritage (P < 0.004, with adjustment for age, sex, and BMI) and in the presence of a family history of type 2 diabetes (P < 0.04). Higher Gamma Globulin levels predicted risk of diabetes. In univariate analysis, a 1 SD difference in Gamma Globulin was associated with a 20% higher incidence of diabetes in those who were normal glucose tolerant at baseline (hazard rate ratio 1.20 [CI 1.11-1.30]; P < 0.0001) and remained as a significant predictor of diabetes, even when controlled for effects of sex, BMI, and 2-h glucose as additional predictors (hazard rate ratio for 1 SD difference in Gamma Globulin, 1.14 [1.05-1.24]; P = 0.002). Gamma Globulin was also associated in univariate analysis with later development of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (hazard rate ratio 1.15 [1.07-1.23]; P < 0.0001), but not with the transition from IGT to diabetes (hazard rate ratio 1.04 [0.90-1.20]; P = 0.6). Thus, Gamma Globulin levels predict increased risk of diabetes in the Pima population. We suggest that immune function or activation may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes.
Fernando Moreno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The treatment of infectiousasthma in children with Gamma Globulin
The Journal of Pediatrics, 2006Co-Authors: Vincent J. Fontana, Ann G. Kuttner, Heinz J. Wittig, Fernando MorenoAbstract:In a double blind controlled study 41 children with infectious asthma received 0.15 ml.per pound of body weight of pooled Gamma Globulin at 2 weekly intervals for a total of 8 injections. Twenty-nine children in a concurrent control group received 8 intramuscular injections of a placebo, human serum albumin, identical in appearance to Gamma Globulin. No reduction in the incidence of asthmatic attacks was observed in the treated as compared to the control group. No evidence was obtained that pooled Gamma Globulin prepared from the adult blood donors supplied antibodies effective in preventing upper respiratory infections in children. None of the children developed antibodies to components of pooled Gamma Globulin.
Morley C. Sutter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of K+ channel openers on the vascular actions of human Gamma Globulin
European journal of pharmacology, 1994Co-Authors: Zuheir Abrahams, Morley C. SutterAbstract:The aim of this study was to determine if the stimulatory action of human Gamma Globulin on the spontaneous activity of the rat mesenteric portal vein is due to decreased K+ conductance. Glibenclamide potentiated the action of human Gamma-Globulin on the portal vein by 45% and on its own had a concentration- and time-dependent biphasic (increase followed by a decrease) effect on the spontaneous activity of the portal vein. Diazoxide and pinacidil both inhibited the action of human Gamma-Globulin on the rat mesenteric portal vein. Levcromakalim (BRL 38227) potentiated the stimulatory action of human Gamma-Globulin on the integrated force of the spontaneous contractions of the rat mesenteric portal vein by 40% and 49% at concentrations of 0.5 and 5 microM, respectively. These studies suggest that human Gamma-Globulin can act by directly modulating a K+ channel.
Karin Stenqvist - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Tourist Hepatitis and Gamma Globulin Prophylaxis
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2015Co-Authors: Sten Iwarson, Karin StenqvistAbstract:AbstractMillions of tourists from Northern Europe visit the Mediterranean basin each year. Some of them provide themselves with Gamma Globulin prophylaxis against hepatitis A before departure. In Sweden about 50% of these travellers receive prophylaxis which means that about half a million Swedish tourists are injected with Gamma Globulin each year. The risk of contracting hepatitis A in South or East Europe without prophylaxis seems to be around 1/3000 travellers according to calculations presented in this report. With Gamma Globulin prophylaxis the risk seems almost negligible.
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Tourist Hepatitis and Gamma Globulin Prophylaxis
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2015Co-Authors: Sten Iwarson, Karin StenqvistAbstract:AbstractMillions of tourists from Northern Europe visit the Mediterranean basin each year. Some of them provide themselves with Gamma Globulin prophylaxis against hepatitis A before departure. In Sweden about 50% of these travellers receive prophylaxis which means that about half a million Swedish tourists are injected with Gamma Globulin each year. The risk of contracting hepatitis A in South or East Europe without prophylaxis seems to be around 1/3000 travellers according to calculations presented in this report. With Gamma Globulin prophylaxis the risk seems almost negligible.
Robert S Lindsay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gamma Globulin levels predict type 2 diabetes in the pima indian population
Diabetes, 2001Co-Authors: Robert S Lindsay, Jonathan Krakoff, Robert L Hanson, Peter H Bennett, William C KnowlerAbstract:It has been proposed that inflammation or infection may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. We examined whether serum Gamma Globulin, a nonspecific measure of the humoral immune system, predicted changes in glucose tolerance in 2,530 members of the Pima Indian population, a group with a marked predisposition to type 2 diabetes. Cross-sectionally, Gamma Globulin was positively related to age (r = 0.08, P < 0.0005), BMI (r = 0.09; P < 0.0001), and female sex (P < 0.0001). Gamma Globulin concentrations were familial, being positively correlated among siblings (r = 0.23; P < 0.0001) and between parents and their children (mother/child: r = 0.17, P < 0.0001; father/child: r = 0.25, P < 0.0001). Gamma Globulin concentrations were higher with greater degrees of American Indian heritage (P < 0.004, with adjustment for age, sex, and BMI) and in the presence of a family history of type 2 diabetes (P < 0.04). Higher Gamma Globulin levels predicted risk of diabetes. In univariate analysis, a 1 SD difference in Gamma Globulin was associated with a 20% higher incidence of diabetes in those who were normal glucose tolerant at baseline (hazard rate ratio 1.20 [CI 1.11-1.30]; P < 0.0001) and remained as a significant predictor of diabetes, even when controlled for effects of sex, BMI, and 2-h glucose as additional predictors (hazard rate ratio for 1 SD difference in Gamma Globulin, 1.14 [1.05-1.24]; P = 0.002). Gamma Globulin was also associated in univariate analysis with later development of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (hazard rate ratio 1.15 [1.07-1.23]; P < 0.0001), but not with the transition from IGT to diabetes (hazard rate ratio 1.04 [0.90-1.20]; P = 0.6). Thus, Gamma Globulin levels predict increased risk of diabetes in the Pima population. We suggest that immune function or activation may play a role in the development of type 2 diabetes.
