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Calin-cristian Cormos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Techno-economic assessment of hydrogen production processes based on various natural gas chemical looping systems with carbon capture
Energy, 2019Co-Authors: Dora-andreea Chisalita, Calin-cristian CormosAbstract:Abstract Hydrogen is regarded as a promising energy carrier with several key advantages for future low carbon applications (e.g. no greenhouse gas emission at the point of use, higher energy conversion efficiency). This paper is assessing from a techno-economic point of view, three chemical looping processes suitable for hydrogen production generating high purity hydrogen corresponding to 300 MW thermal output, with a carbon capture rate of at least 90%: i) chemical looping hydrogen production (CLH), ii) sorption enhanced reforming (SER), iii) sorption enhanced chemical-looping reforming (SECLR). Key techno-economic performance indicators were evaluated and compared amongst each other and against a conventional natural gas reforming technology without/with carbon capture by chemical Gas-Liquid Absorption using alkanolamines. The results show that CLH using iron-based (i.e. ilmenite) oxygen carrier seems to be the most promising hydrogen production technology amongst the evaluated systems having the highest energy efficiency at CCR>99%, lower operating and maintenance (O&M) costs, with a hydrogen production cost of 41.84 €/MWh compared to 42.43 €/MWh for no capture conventional reforming and 44.58 €/MWh for amine-based capture with 70% CCR, at a CO2 emissions avoidance cost of 19.46 €/tCO2.
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Life Cycle Assessment of SEWGS Technology Applied to Integrated Steel Plants
Sustainability, 2019Co-Authors: Letitia Petrescu, Calin-cristian Cormos, Dora-andreea Chisalita, Giampaolo Manzolini, Paul Cobden, H.a.j. Van DijkAbstract:The environmental evaluation of the sorption-enhanced water-gas shift (SEWGS) process to be used for the decarbonization of an integrated steel mill through life cycle assessment (LCA) is the subject of the present paper. This work is carried out within the STEPWISE H2020 project (grant agreement No. 640769). LCA calculations were based on material and energy balances derived from experimental activities, modeling activities, and literature data. Wide system boundaries containing various upstream and downstream processes as well as the main integrated steel mill are drawn for the system under study. The environmental indicators of the SEWGS process are compared to another carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology applied to the iron and steel industry (e.g., Gas-Liquid Absorption using MEA). The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions for SEWGS technology is about 40%. For the other impact indicators, there is an increase in the SEWGS technology (in the range of 7.23% to 72.77%), which is mainly due to the sorbent production and transportation processes. Nevertheless, when compared with the post-combustion capture technology, based on Gas-Liquid Absorption, from an environmental point of view, SEWGS performs significantly better, having impact factor values closer to the no-capture integrated steel mill. © 2019 by the authors.
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Energy efficiency improvements of post-combustion CO_2 capture based on reactive gas–liquid Absorption applied for super-critical circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) power plants
Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 2018Co-Authors: Ana Maria Cormos, Cristian Dinca, Calin-cristian CormosAbstract:The environmental impact represents a significant constraint for fossil fuel-intensive industrial processes in transition to a low-carbon scenario. This paper is evaluating the potential energy efficiency improvements in reactive gas–liquid Absorption process used for CO_2 capture from coal-based super-critical CFBC power plants. Two improved configurations for Methyl diethanolamine (MDEA)-based post-combustion CO_2 capture were assessed: Absorption intercooling and lean vapour recompression as well as the combination of both. The improved MDEA gas–liquid Absorption configurations were compared to conventional MDEA and MEA-based systems for post-combustion CO_2 capture as well as the CFBC power plant without carbon capture to assess both the energy and cost penalties for CO_2 capture. As the results show, the proposed innovative concepts exhibit better specific thermal energy consumptions for solvent regeneration (2.24–2.58 vs. 2.97 MJ/kg CO_2), higher net electrical efficiency (34 vs. 32%) and improved economic indicators (e.g. 2403 vs. 2552 €/kW net power as specific capital investment, 39.2 vs. 41.6 €/MWh as O&M costs, 79 vs. 84 €/MWh as cost of electricity) compared to the conventional MDEA and MEA cases.
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Assessing Energy and CO2 Emission Reduction from Ammonia Production by Chemical Looping as Innovative Carbon Capture Technology
Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: Dora-andreea Chisalita, Ana Maria Cormos, Letitia Petrescu, Calin-cristian CormosAbstract:Abstract The paper evaluates the technical performances of an ammonia production plant having an output of 2500 t/day. Mass and energy integration aspects of natural gas conversion (conventional steam reforming, autothermal reforming and chemical looping), carbon capture unit by Gas-Liquid and gas-solid systems, ammonia production and associated heat recovery and their influence on the overall ammonia production performances are discussed in detail. The ammonia production concepts were modelled and simulated using a process flow modelling software (ChemCAD). The obtained simulation results were used to assess the overall technical and environmental indicators of the ammonia production plant. Three case scenarios with CO2 capture were considered for investigation. Industrial and experimental data were used to validate the models. The results show that the chemical looping system has significant advantages compared to the natural gas reforming technologies coupled with the Gas-Liquid Absorption technology such as: lower specific fossil energy consumption (8.3 MWth/t NH3 vs. 9.6 - 9.9 MWth/t NH3), higher carbon capture rate (99.9 % vs. 60 – 90 %), lower specific CO2 emissions (7 kg/t NH3 vs. 230 - 900 kg/t NH3 for plants with CO2 capture based on Gas-Liquid Absorption and about 2000 kg/t NH3 for plant without CO2 capture), lower plant complexity. The presented technical analysis of the different ammonia production cases shows very promising options to significantly reduce the fossil energy consumption as well as the carbon footprint of this important industrial sector.
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Flexible Hydrogen and Power Co - generation based on Dry Methane Reforming with Carbon Capture
Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: Szabolcs Szima, Ana Maria Cormos, Calin-cristian CormosAbstract:This paper evaluates the dry reforming of methane (DRM) process with CO2capture using an alkanolamine gas - liquid Absorption system for flexible hydrogen and power co-generation. The evaluated plant concepts consider a net power output of about 500 MW net with a flexible hydrogen thermal output in the range of 0 to 200 MWth. The carbon capture rate of the CO2capture unit is higher than 90%. The evaluations used process flow modeling performed using ChemCAD process simulator, as well as, process integration techniques (e.g. thermal integration via pinch analysis) for quantification of mass & energy balances of the overall process. The analysis is geared toward assessment of key technical and environmental indicators of flexible hydrogen and power co-generation based on DRM with CO2capture such as: gross and net power output, hydrogen thermal output, cumulative energy efficiency, ancillary plant energy consumption, carbon capture rate, specific carbon dioxide emissions etc. As benchmark cases, conventional steam reforming and autothermal reforming, both equipped with CO2capture using Gas-Liquid Absorption, are used for comparison reason of DRM technology. Potential production of other energy carriers (e.g. synthetic fuels like methanol) by dry methane reforming with CO2capture was also considered. As the key performance indicators show, the dry methane reforming process with CO2capture has some advantages in comparison to the conventional steam methane reforming and autothermal reforming such as: higher energy efficiency and carbon capture rate, lower specific CO2emissions, ability to process some of the captured CO2instead of energy-intensive steam used for conventional methane reforming etc.
Ana Maria Cormos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Energy efficiency improvements of post-combustion CO_2 capture based on reactive gas–liquid Absorption applied for super-critical circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) power plants
Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 2018Co-Authors: Ana Maria Cormos, Cristian Dinca, Calin-cristian CormosAbstract:The environmental impact represents a significant constraint for fossil fuel-intensive industrial processes in transition to a low-carbon scenario. This paper is evaluating the potential energy efficiency improvements in reactive gas–liquid Absorption process used for CO_2 capture from coal-based super-critical CFBC power plants. Two improved configurations for Methyl diethanolamine (MDEA)-based post-combustion CO_2 capture were assessed: Absorption intercooling and lean vapour recompression as well as the combination of both. The improved MDEA gas–liquid Absorption configurations were compared to conventional MDEA and MEA-based systems for post-combustion CO_2 capture as well as the CFBC power plant without carbon capture to assess both the energy and cost penalties for CO_2 capture. As the results show, the proposed innovative concepts exhibit better specific thermal energy consumptions for solvent regeneration (2.24–2.58 vs. 2.97 MJ/kg CO_2), higher net electrical efficiency (34 vs. 32%) and improved economic indicators (e.g. 2403 vs. 2552 €/kW net power as specific capital investment, 39.2 vs. 41.6 €/MWh as O&M costs, 79 vs. 84 €/MWh as cost of electricity) compared to the conventional MDEA and MEA cases.
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Flexible Hydrogen and Power Co - generation based on Dry Methane Reforming with Carbon Capture
Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: Szabolcs Szima, Ana Maria Cormos, Calin-cristian CormosAbstract:This paper evaluates the dry reforming of methane (DRM) process with CO2capture using an alkanolamine gas - liquid Absorption system for flexible hydrogen and power co-generation. The evaluated plant concepts consider a net power output of about 500 MW net with a flexible hydrogen thermal output in the range of 0 to 200 MWth. The carbon capture rate of the CO2capture unit is higher than 90%. The evaluations used process flow modeling performed using ChemCAD process simulator, as well as, process integration techniques (e.g. thermal integration via pinch analysis) for quantification of mass & energy balances of the overall process. The analysis is geared toward assessment of key technical and environmental indicators of flexible hydrogen and power co-generation based on DRM with CO2capture such as: gross and net power output, hydrogen thermal output, cumulative energy efficiency, ancillary plant energy consumption, carbon capture rate, specific carbon dioxide emissions etc. As benchmark cases, conventional steam reforming and autothermal reforming, both equipped with CO2capture using Gas-Liquid Absorption, are used for comparison reason of DRM technology. Potential production of other energy carriers (e.g. synthetic fuels like methanol) by dry methane reforming with CO2capture was also considered. As the key performance indicators show, the dry methane reforming process with CO2capture has some advantages in comparison to the conventional steam methane reforming and autothermal reforming such as: higher energy efficiency and carbon capture rate, lower specific CO2emissions, ability to process some of the captured CO2instead of energy-intensive steam used for conventional methane reforming etc.
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Assessing Energy and CO2 Emission Reduction from Ammonia Production by Chemical Looping as Innovative Carbon Capture Technology
Computer Aided Chemical Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: Dora-andreea Chisalita, Ana Maria Cormos, Letitia Petrescu, Calin-cristian CormosAbstract:Abstract The paper evaluates the technical performances of an ammonia production plant having an output of 2500 t/day. Mass and energy integration aspects of natural gas conversion (conventional steam reforming, autothermal reforming and chemical looping), carbon capture unit by Gas-Liquid and gas-solid systems, ammonia production and associated heat recovery and their influence on the overall ammonia production performances are discussed in detail. The ammonia production concepts were modelled and simulated using a process flow modelling software (ChemCAD). The obtained simulation results were used to assess the overall technical and environmental indicators of the ammonia production plant. Three case scenarios with CO2 capture were considered for investigation. Industrial and experimental data were used to validate the models. The results show that the chemical looping system has significant advantages compared to the natural gas reforming technologies coupled with the Gas-Liquid Absorption technology such as: lower specific fossil energy consumption (8.3 MWth/t NH3 vs. 9.6 - 9.9 MWth/t NH3), higher carbon capture rate (99.9 % vs. 60 – 90 %), lower specific CO2 emissions (7 kg/t NH3 vs. 230 - 900 kg/t NH3 for plants with CO2 capture based on Gas-Liquid Absorption and about 2000 kg/t NH3 for plant without CO2 capture), lower plant complexity. The presented technical analysis of the different ammonia production cases shows very promising options to significantly reduce the fossil energy consumption as well as the carbon footprint of this important industrial sector.
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Reducing the carbon footprint of cement industry by post-combustion CO2 capture: Techno-economic and environmental assessment of a CCS project in Romania
Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2017Co-Authors: Ana Maria Cormos, Calin-cristian CormosAbstract:Abstract Reducing the carbon dioxide emissions from the energy-intensive industrial sectors is of great importance in the fight against climate change. The cement industry is responsible for about 5% of global CO 2 emissions. In this article, two reactive Absorption and adsorption post-combustion CO 2 capture methods are assessed in conjunction with cement production. The gas–liquid Absorption method uses alkanolamine (MDEA) as chemical solvent and the gas–solid adsorption method uses calcium looping (CaL) technology. The carbon capture rate is set to 90%. The analysis considers a conventional size of cement plant (1 Mt/y) focusing on mass and energy integration aspects of the carbon capture unit as well as quantification of main techno-economic and environmental indicators of the cement plant with carbon capture. The evaluated designs were modelled and simulated, the mass and energy balances being used to assess the overall performances. For comparison reason, a cement plant without carbon capture was also considered to assess the energy and cost penalties for the carbon capture designs. The analysis shows that the CaL system has significant technical and economic advantages compared to the gas–liquid Absorption case (e.g. higher energy efficiency, lower capital, operational and maintenance (O&M), cement production and CO 2 avoidance costs).
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Techno-economic evaluations of post-combustion CO2 capture from sub- and super-critical circulated fluidised bed combustion (CFBC) power plants
Applied Thermal Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Ana Maria Cormos, Calin-cristian CormosAbstract:Abstract The heat and power generation sector is facing fundamental changes for transition to a low carbon scenario due to significant environmental constraints. This paper is evaluating from techno-economic point of view the integration of post-combustion CO 2 capture technologies into coal-based CFBC power plants operated in sub- and super-critical steam conditions. Two post-combustion CO 2 capture technologies were assessed: a chemical Gas-Liquid Absorption using alkanolamines (Methyl-DiEthanol-Amine - MDEA) and a gas-solid adsorption using calcium-based sorbent (Calcium Looping - CaL). The analysis evaluates how chemical Gas-Liquid Absorption/gas-solid adsorption influence the techno-economic performances of CFBC power plants. As benchmark cases used to quantify the energy and cost penalties for CO 2 capture, the correspondent sub- and super-critical CFBC plants without CO 2 capture were considered. As the results show, the CaL concepts exhibits better net electrical efficiency (35% vs. 32%), higher carbon capture rate (97% vs. 90%) and improved economic indicators (e.g. 1860 vs. 2552 €/kW net power as specific capital investment, 34 vs. 41.6 €/MWh as O&M costs, 66 vs. 84 €/MWh as cost of electricity) compared to the MDEA cases (all these values being reported for the super-critical CFBC designs).
Eric Favre - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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3 9 membranes contactors for intensified gas liquid Absorption processes
Reference Module in Chemistry Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering#R##N#Comprehensive Membrane Science and Engineering (Second Edition), 2017Co-Authors: Elodie Chabanon, Eric FavreAbstract:The Absorption of a gaseous solute in a liquid is a classical unit operation with a large number of applications in numerous industrial sectors. A direct contact between the gas and liquid phase in order to promote mass transfer is classically applied for industrial equipment (trays, packings, stirred tanks, Venturi scrubbers, etc.). The concept of membrane contactor for gas–liquid Absorption (or stripping, i.e., gaseous-solute removal from a liquid), which makes use of a gas-permeable membrane interposed between the gas and liquid phase, has been recently proposed and shows several advantages: possibility to independently control the gas and liquid flow rates, no sensitivity to orientation, no foaming or entrainment problems, and larger compactness. The latter characteristic, also named intensification, is of major interest. It is potentially achievable due to the very large specific gas–liquid interfacial area provided by membrane modules, but it also requires the membrane mass-transfer resistance to be as low as possible. The different types of membrane materials (microporous hydrophobic and dense-skin composite) are detailed, and the associated properties and mechanisms, which govern mass-transfer properties, are presented. Wetting, fouling, and degradation issues are more specifically discussed, with the associated impact on membrane mass-transfer performances. The different levels of modeling that can be proposed for the simulation of a membrane-contactor module are shown, with a gradual complexity approach. The key role of the membrane mass-transfer coefficient is highlighted. The different applications of membrane contactors are finally presented: blood oxygenators, oxygen removal (food, microelectronics, and pharma), carbonated beverages, aromas or volatile compounds recovery, effluent treatment, bioreactors, etc. Postcombustion carbon capture and natural-gas treatment could generate important new markets for which process intensification is of key interest. The challenges and perspectives of membrane contactors, with a particular emphasis on process intensification framework, are finally discussed.
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3.9 Membranes Contactors for Intensified Gas–Liquid Absorption Processes
Comprehensive Membrane Science and Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Elodie Chabanon, Eric FavreAbstract:The Absorption of a gaseous solute in a liquid is a classical unit operation with a large number of applications in numerous industrial sectors. A direct contact between the gas and liquid phase in order to promote mass transfer is classically applied for industrial equipment (trays, packings, stirred tanks, Venturi scrubbers, etc.). The concept of membrane contactor for gas–liquid Absorption (or stripping, i.e., gaseous-solute removal from a liquid), which makes use of a gas-permeable membrane interposed between the gas and liquid phase, has been recently proposed and shows several advantages: possibility to independently control the gas and liquid flow rates, no sensitivity to orientation, no foaming or entrainment problems, and larger compactness. The latter characteristic, also named intensification, is of major interest. It is potentially achievable due to the very large specific gas–liquid interfacial area provided by membrane modules, but it also requires the membrane mass-transfer resistance to be as low as possible. The different types of membrane materials (microporous hydrophobic and dense-skin composite) are detailed, and the associated properties and mechanisms, which govern mass-transfer properties, are presented. Wetting, fouling, and degradation issues are more specifically discussed, with the associated impact on membrane mass-transfer performances. The different levels of modeling that can be proposed for the simulation of a membrane-contactor module are shown, with a gradual complexity approach. The key role of the membrane mass-transfer coefficient is highlighted. The different applications of membrane contactors are finally presented: blood oxygenators, oxygen removal (food, microelectronics, and pharma), carbonated beverages, aromas or volatile compounds recovery, effluent treatment, bioreactors, etc. Postcombustion carbon capture and natural-gas treatment could generate important new markets for which process intensification is of key interest. The challenges and perspectives of membrane contactors, with a particular emphasis on process intensification framework, are finally discussed.
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To What Extent Does Temperature Affect Absorption in Gas-Liquid Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactors?
Separation Science and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Noureddine Boucif, Jean-pierre Corriou, Denis Roizard, Eric FavreAbstract:Most models developed in the past for Gas-Liquid Absorption accompanied by chemical reactions assumed isothermal conditions for an easy treatment of the experimental data. The reactions are often highly exothermic accompanied by a substantial temperature increase at the interface which affects not only the rate constants, but also the solubilities as well as the diffusivities. Analytical expressions are derived in this work to describe the diffusion-convection-reaction of a reacting solute component in a reactant solution in a hollow fiber membrane contactor in which the shell hydrodynamics is assumed as a plug flow. Results are presented for a classical bimolecular nonisothermal reaction to illustrate the effects of various parameters on the enhancement factor, efficiency, and temperature rise. The volatility effect of the liquid phase reactant on the Absorption efficiency is also illustrated.
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Pushing the limits of intensified CO2 post-combustion capture by gas–liquid Absorption through a membrane contactor
Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 2015Co-Authors: Elodie Chabanon, Denis Roizard, R. Bounaceur, Christophe Castel, Sabine Rode, Eric FavreAbstract:The possibility to maximize the intensification (i.e., volume reduction) of post-combustion carbon dioxide capture by chemical Absorption in a monoethanolamine (MEA) solution using a membrane contactor module is reported. The influence of MEA concentration (20–90 wt%) and temperature (293–333 K) on the CO2 capture ratio achieved by a PTFE hollow fiber membrane contactor has been investigated with a CO2/N2 (15/85 vol%) gas mixture and the experimental results modeled. It is shown, through a systematic parametric analysis, that the intensification factor of the Absorption unit, defined as the ratio of the CO2 volumetric Absorption capacity of the membrane contactor and of the packed column (taken at 1 mol CO2 m−3 s−1), can be largely increased when a concentrated (70 wt%) MEA solution at 333 K is used. A volume reduction up to a factor 9, together with a lower energy penalty due to pressure drop effects (kWh per ton of captured CO2) is potentially obtained compared to packed column performances, when a large enough membrane mass transfer coefficient is achieved (i.e., larger than 10−4 m s−1). The remaining challenges which are required in order to develop this level of performances at industrial scale based on the existing membrane contactor materials are discussed
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Membrane Separation Processes for Post-Combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture: State of the Art and Critical Overview
Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Revue d'IFP Energies nouvelles, 2014Co-Authors: Bouchra Belaissaoui, Eric FavreAbstract:Membrane processes have been initially seldom considered within a post-combustion carbon dioxide capture framework. More traditional processes, particularly Gas-Liquid Absorption in chemical solvents, are often considered as the most appropriate solution for the first generation of technologies. In this paper, a critical state of the art of gas separation membranes for CO2 capture is proposed. In a first step, the key performances (selectivity, permeability) of different membrane materials such as polymers, inorganic membranes, hybrid matrices and liquid membranes, including recently reported results, are reviewed. In a second step, the process design characteristics of a single stage membrane unit are studied. Purity and energy constraints are analysed as a function of operating conditions and membrane materials performances. The interest of multistage and hybrid systems, two domains which have not sufficiently investigated up to now, are finally discussed. The importance of technico-economical analyses is highlighted in order to better estimate the optimal role of membranes for CCS applications.
M. Otterbein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hydrodynamics and mass transfer phenomena in counter-current packed column at elevated pressures
Chemical Engineering Science, 2000Co-Authors: Belkacem Benadda, K. Kafoufi, P. Monkam, M. OtterbeinAbstract:Abstract The aim of this study is to determine mass transfer parameters such as interfacial area a and volumetric liquid side mass transfer coefficient k L a during gas–liquid Absorption in a packed column according to pressure within the range 0.1–1.3 MPa. A preliminary hydrodynamic study was carried out in order to characterize gas and liquid flows according to the operating pressure. The residence time distribution method shows that fluids flows can be modeled as plug flow with axial dispersion. In contrast to the liquid flow, an effect of pressure on the gas flow has been observed. The axial dispersion coefficient of the gas increases with pressure. These results allow modeling of the gas–liquid Absorption in a packed column with or without chemical reaction and at elevated pressures. The basic equations defining the hydrodynamic profile of the gas and liquid films are completed by the terms describing mass transfer coupled with an irreversible chemical reaction in the liquid phase. The numerical resolution of the system of equations obtained has allowed the study of the influence of pressure on the interfacial area a . This parameter increases with pressure. The same result has been observed with the volumetric liquid side mass transfer coefficient k L a . The coefficient k L is independent of pressure.
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Influence of pressure on the gas/liquid interfacial area a and the coefficient kLa in a counter-current packed column
Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 1996Co-Authors: Belkacem Benadda, K. Kafoufi, M. Otterbein, Michel ProstAbstract:Abstract The effects of pressure on the volumetric coefficient kLa and the interfacial area a in a counter-current packed column were studied in the pressure range 105 to 12 × 105 Pa. The method of gas/liquid Absorption with chemical reaction was applied. The influence of the gas/liquid system on the interfacial area was also studied using three different chemical systems. It is shown that a and kLa decrease when the total pressure is increased. The authors have attempted to explain the differences between the values of a obtained under atmospheric pressure when the chemical system is changed.
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A study of oxygen Absorption kinetics in ionic Cu(I) aqueous solutions
Chemical Engineering & Technology, 1996Co-Authors: Belkacem Benadda, Michel Prost, M. OtterbeinAbstract:We developed the oxidation reaction of Cu(I) ion in aqueous hydrochloric solution by oxygen in a gas-lift capillary bubble column. The method of Gas-Liquid Absorption with chemical reaction was used. Test data confirmed that the rate constant of the reaction is strongly affected by solution compositions, and that chloride ions induce an inhibition effect. The kinetical orders found are equal to 1 and 2 for oxygen and Cu(I) respectively. The influence of temperature on reaction rate constant showed the existence of a maximum value between 303 and 313K. The effect of Gas-Liquid of Gas-Liquid system on the liquid-side mass transfer coefficient kL was also investigated.
Belkacem Benadda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hydrodynamics and mass transfer phenomena in counter-current packed column at elevated pressures
Chemical Engineering Science, 2000Co-Authors: Belkacem Benadda, K. Kafoufi, P. Monkam, M. OtterbeinAbstract:Abstract The aim of this study is to determine mass transfer parameters such as interfacial area a and volumetric liquid side mass transfer coefficient k L a during gas–liquid Absorption in a packed column according to pressure within the range 0.1–1.3 MPa. A preliminary hydrodynamic study was carried out in order to characterize gas and liquid flows according to the operating pressure. The residence time distribution method shows that fluids flows can be modeled as plug flow with axial dispersion. In contrast to the liquid flow, an effect of pressure on the gas flow has been observed. The axial dispersion coefficient of the gas increases with pressure. These results allow modeling of the gas–liquid Absorption in a packed column with or without chemical reaction and at elevated pressures. The basic equations defining the hydrodynamic profile of the gas and liquid films are completed by the terms describing mass transfer coupled with an irreversible chemical reaction in the liquid phase. The numerical resolution of the system of equations obtained has allowed the study of the influence of pressure on the interfacial area a . This parameter increases with pressure. The same result has been observed with the volumetric liquid side mass transfer coefficient k L a . The coefficient k L is independent of pressure.
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Influence of pressure on the gas/liquid interfacial area a and the coefficient kLa in a counter-current packed column
Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 1996Co-Authors: Belkacem Benadda, K. Kafoufi, M. Otterbein, Michel ProstAbstract:Abstract The effects of pressure on the volumetric coefficient kLa and the interfacial area a in a counter-current packed column were studied in the pressure range 105 to 12 × 105 Pa. The method of gas/liquid Absorption with chemical reaction was applied. The influence of the gas/liquid system on the interfacial area was also studied using three different chemical systems. It is shown that a and kLa decrease when the total pressure is increased. The authors have attempted to explain the differences between the values of a obtained under atmospheric pressure when the chemical system is changed.
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A study of oxygen Absorption kinetics in ionic Cu(I) aqueous solutions
Chemical Engineering & Technology, 1996Co-Authors: Belkacem Benadda, Michel Prost, M. OtterbeinAbstract:We developed the oxidation reaction of Cu(I) ion in aqueous hydrochloric solution by oxygen in a gas-lift capillary bubble column. The method of Gas-Liquid Absorption with chemical reaction was used. Test data confirmed that the rate constant of the reaction is strongly affected by solution compositions, and that chloride ions induce an inhibition effect. The kinetical orders found are equal to 1 and 2 for oxygen and Cu(I) respectively. The influence of temperature on reaction rate constant showed the existence of a maximum value between 303 and 313K. The effect of Gas-Liquid of Gas-Liquid system on the liquid-side mass transfer coefficient kL was also investigated.