The Experts below are selected from a list of 13668 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Carsten Plog - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sensor for directly determining the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate—EGR sensor
Sensors and Actuators B-chemical, 2006Co-Authors: Ralf Moos, Burkhard Reetmeyer, Armin Hürland, Carsten PlogAbstract:Abstract Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is an effective means to reduce NO x emissions of internal combustion engines without increasing fuel consumption. Up to now, only complex procedures to determine the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate are available. Here, a novel sensor device is suggested that measures directly at one position and with only one single sensor device the concentration of a tracer Gas at the intake manifold and at the exhaust Gas Recirculation entry point. The tracer Gas (e.g. CO 2 or NO) is formed during combustion and is only in a negligible concentration present in the fresh air. A solid ion conducting membrane constitutes the core of the sensor device and separates both Gas atmospheres. The sensor voltage depends Nernst-like on the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate. Two types of sensors, one comprising a NO + –β″-Al 2 O 3 solid electrolyte membrane and one using a KNO 2 -covered Na + –β″-Al 2 O 3 membrane showed a slope in the semilogarithmic plot almost as expected from theory for a single electron process. It was shown that the sensor output voltage is not dependent on the air-to-fuel ratio. Further research should address solid oxygen ion conducting membranes using a double side mixed potential principle.
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Sensor for directly determining the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate-EGR sensor
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2006Co-Authors: Ralf Moos, Burkhard Reetmeyer, Armin Hürland, Carsten PlogAbstract:Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is an effective means to reduce NOxemissions of internal combustion engines without increasing fuel consumption. Up to now, only complex procedures to determine the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate are available. Here, a novel sensor device is suggested that measures directly at one position and with only one single sensor device the concentration of a tracer Gas at the intake manifold and at the exhaust Gas Recirculation entry point. The tracer Gas (e.g. CO2or NO) is formed during combustion and is only in a negligible concentration present in the fresh air. A solid ion conducting membrane constitutes the core of the sensor device and separates both Gas atmospheres. The sensor voltage depends Nernst-like on the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate. Two types of sensors, one comprising a NO+-β″-Al2O3solid electrolyte membrane and one using a KNO2-covered Na+-β″-Al2O3membrane showed a slope in the semilogarithmic plot almost as expected from theory for a single electron process. It was shown that the sensor output voltage is not dependent on the air-to-fuel ratio. Further research should address solid oxygen ion conducting membranes using a double side mixed potential principle. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Ralf Moos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sensor for directly determining the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate—EGR sensor
Sensors and Actuators B-chemical, 2006Co-Authors: Ralf Moos, Burkhard Reetmeyer, Armin Hürland, Carsten PlogAbstract:Abstract Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is an effective means to reduce NO x emissions of internal combustion engines without increasing fuel consumption. Up to now, only complex procedures to determine the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate are available. Here, a novel sensor device is suggested that measures directly at one position and with only one single sensor device the concentration of a tracer Gas at the intake manifold and at the exhaust Gas Recirculation entry point. The tracer Gas (e.g. CO 2 or NO) is formed during combustion and is only in a negligible concentration present in the fresh air. A solid ion conducting membrane constitutes the core of the sensor device and separates both Gas atmospheres. The sensor voltage depends Nernst-like on the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate. Two types of sensors, one comprising a NO + –β″-Al 2 O 3 solid electrolyte membrane and one using a KNO 2 -covered Na + –β″-Al 2 O 3 membrane showed a slope in the semilogarithmic plot almost as expected from theory for a single electron process. It was shown that the sensor output voltage is not dependent on the air-to-fuel ratio. Further research should address solid oxygen ion conducting membranes using a double side mixed potential principle.
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Sensor for directly determining the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate-EGR sensor
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2006Co-Authors: Ralf Moos, Burkhard Reetmeyer, Armin Hürland, Carsten PlogAbstract:Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is an effective means to reduce NOxemissions of internal combustion engines without increasing fuel consumption. Up to now, only complex procedures to determine the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate are available. Here, a novel sensor device is suggested that measures directly at one position and with only one single sensor device the concentration of a tracer Gas at the intake manifold and at the exhaust Gas Recirculation entry point. The tracer Gas (e.g. CO2or NO) is formed during combustion and is only in a negligible concentration present in the fresh air. A solid ion conducting membrane constitutes the core of the sensor device and separates both Gas atmospheres. The sensor voltage depends Nernst-like on the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate. Two types of sensors, one comprising a NO+-β″-Al2O3solid electrolyte membrane and one using a KNO2-covered Na+-β″-Al2O3membrane showed a slope in the semilogarithmic plot almost as expected from theory for a single electron process. It was shown that the sensor output voltage is not dependent on the air-to-fuel ratio. Further research should address solid oxygen ion conducting membranes using a double side mixed potential principle. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Jonathan Chauvin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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CDC - Control of a turbocharged Diesel engine fitted with high pressure and low pressure exhaust Gas Recirculation systems
Proceedings of the 48h IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) held jointly with 2009 28th Chinese Control Conference, 2009Co-Authors: Olivier Grondin, Philippe Moulin, Jonathan ChauvinAbstract:Exhaust Gas Recirculation is an effective way for reducing nitric oxides emissions in Diesel engine achieving low temperature combustion (LTC). Two strategies can be applied to recirculate burnt Gas in a turbocharged Diesel engine using the high pressure loop or the low pressure loop. This paper describes a generic model based control structure for Diesel engines with dual-loop exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and variable geometry turbocharger. An observer is designed to estimate the exhaust Gas flow coming from the high pressure loop or from the low pressure loop. These estimates are used for the intake burnt Gas fraction control. This approach avoids direct measurement or implementation of additional sensors. In addition, a generic model based control based on motion planning is adapted to the low pressure EGR system. The main advantage of the approach is that turbocharger and exhaust Gas Recirculation systems controllers have a limited number of calibration parameters. The observer and controller results are presented and validated on a LTC-Diesel engine with a dual-loop EGR system.
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Control of a turbocharged Diesel engine fitted with high pressure and low pressure exhaust Gas Recirculation systems
Proceedings of the 48h IEEE Conference on Decision and Control CDC held jointly with 2009 28th Chinese Control Conference, 2009Co-Authors: Olivier Grondin, Philippe Moulin, Jonathan ChauvinAbstract:Exhaust Gas Recirculation is an effective way for reducing nitric oxides emissions in Diesel engine achieving low temperature combustion (LTC). Two strategies can be applied to recirculate burnt Gas in a turbocharged Diesel engine using the high pressure loop or the low pressure loop. This paper describes a generic model based control structure for Diesel engines with dual-loop exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) and variable geometry turbocharger. An observer is designed to estimate the exhaust Gas flow coming from the high pressure loop or from the low pressure loop. These estimates are used for the intake burnt Gas fraction control. This approach avoids direct measurement or implementation of additional sensors. In addition, a generic model based control based on motion planning is adapted to the low pressure EGR system. The main advantage of the approach is that turbocharger and exhaust Gas Recirculation systems controllers have a limited number of calibration parameters. The observer and controller results are presented and validated on a LTC-Diesel engine with a dual-loop EGR system.
Marco Bravi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The benefits of flue Gas Recirculation in waste incineration
Waste Management, 2007Co-Authors: Giuseppe Liuzzo, Nicola Verdone, Marco BraviAbstract:Flue Gas Recirculation in the incinerator combustion chamber is an operative technique that offers substantial benefits in managing waste incineration. The advantages that can be obtained are both economic and environmental and are determined by the low flow rate of fumes actually emitted if compared to the flue Gas released when Recirculation is not conducted. Simulations of two incineration processes, with and without flue Gas Recirculation, have been carried out by using a commercial flowsheeting simulator. The results of the simulations demonstrate that, from an economic point of view, the proposed technique permits a greater level of energy recovery (up to +3%) and, at the same time, lower investment costs as far as the equipment and machinery constituting the air pollution control section of the plant are concerned. At equal treatment system efficiencies, the environmental benefits stem from the decrease in the emission of atmospheric pollutants. Throughout the paper reference is made to the EC legislation in the field of environmental protection, thus ensuring the general validity in the EU of the foundations laid and conclusions drawn henceforth. A numerical example concerning mercury emission quantifies the reported considerations and illustrates that flue Gas Recirculation reduces emission of this pollutant by 50%. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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The benefits of flue Gas Recirculation in waste incineration
Waste Management, 2006Co-Authors: Giuseppe Liuzzo, Nicola Verdone, Marco BraviAbstract:Flue Gas Recirculation in the incinerator combustion chamber is an operative technique that offers substantial benefits in managing waste incineration. The advantages that can be obtained are both economic and environmental and are determined by the low flow rate of fumes actually emitted if compared to the flue Gas released when Recirculation is not conducted. Simulations of two incineration processes, with and without flue Gas Recirculation, have been carried out by using a commercial flowsheeting simulator. The results of the simulations demonstrate that, from an economic point of view, the proposed technique permits a greater level of energy recovery (up to +3%) and, at the same time, lower investment costs as far as the equipment and machinery constituting the air pollution control section of the plant are concerned. At equal treatment system efficiencies, the environmental benefits stem from the decrease in the emission of atmospheric pollutants. Throughout the paper reference is made to the EC legislation in the field of environmental protection, thus ensuring the general validity in the EU of the foundations laid and conclusions drawn henceforth. A numerical example concerning mercury emission quantifies the reported considerations and illustrates that flue Gas Recirculation reduces emission of this pollutant by 50%.
Burkhard Reetmeyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sensor for directly determining the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate—EGR sensor
Sensors and Actuators B-chemical, 2006Co-Authors: Ralf Moos, Burkhard Reetmeyer, Armin Hürland, Carsten PlogAbstract:Abstract Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is an effective means to reduce NO x emissions of internal combustion engines without increasing fuel consumption. Up to now, only complex procedures to determine the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate are available. Here, a novel sensor device is suggested that measures directly at one position and with only one single sensor device the concentration of a tracer Gas at the intake manifold and at the exhaust Gas Recirculation entry point. The tracer Gas (e.g. CO 2 or NO) is formed during combustion and is only in a negligible concentration present in the fresh air. A solid ion conducting membrane constitutes the core of the sensor device and separates both Gas atmospheres. The sensor voltage depends Nernst-like on the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate. Two types of sensors, one comprising a NO + –β″-Al 2 O 3 solid electrolyte membrane and one using a KNO 2 -covered Na + –β″-Al 2 O 3 membrane showed a slope in the semilogarithmic plot almost as expected from theory for a single electron process. It was shown that the sensor output voltage is not dependent on the air-to-fuel ratio. Further research should address solid oxygen ion conducting membranes using a double side mixed potential principle.
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Sensor for directly determining the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate-EGR sensor
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 2006Co-Authors: Ralf Moos, Burkhard Reetmeyer, Armin Hürland, Carsten PlogAbstract:Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is an effective means to reduce NOxemissions of internal combustion engines without increasing fuel consumption. Up to now, only complex procedures to determine the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate are available. Here, a novel sensor device is suggested that measures directly at one position and with only one single sensor device the concentration of a tracer Gas at the intake manifold and at the exhaust Gas Recirculation entry point. The tracer Gas (e.g. CO2or NO) is formed during combustion and is only in a negligible concentration present in the fresh air. A solid ion conducting membrane constitutes the core of the sensor device and separates both Gas atmospheres. The sensor voltage depends Nernst-like on the exhaust Gas Recirculation rate. Two types of sensors, one comprising a NO+-β″-Al2O3solid electrolyte membrane and one using a KNO2-covered Na+-β″-Al2O3membrane showed a slope in the semilogarithmic plot almost as expected from theory for a single electron process. It was shown that the sensor output voltage is not dependent on the air-to-fuel ratio. Further research should address solid oxygen ion conducting membranes using a double side mixed potential principle. © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
