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Per-ove Stotzer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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etiology of portal hypertension may influence Gastrointestinal Transit
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2003Co-Authors: Riadh Sadik, Hasse Abrahamsson, Einar Björnsson, A. Gunnarsdottir, Per-ove StotzerAbstract:Background: Gastrointestinal Transit studies have shown contradictory results in patients with portal hypertension. We have studied gastric emptying, small‐bowel Transit and colonic Transit in patients with portal hypertension. The association between small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth and Gastrointestinal Transit was assessed. Methods: Sixteen patients (6 females) with portal hypertension and esophageal varices were included. A newly developed radiological procedure was used to measure Gastrointestinal Transit during one visit. Variceal pressure was measured and culture of small‐bowel aspirate was used to diagnose small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth. The results were compared to results obtained in 83 healthy subjects. Results: Half gastric emptying time in male patients was 3.8 (0.9–5.8) h versus 2.5 (0.4–4.0) h in healthy males (median and percentile 10–90; P < 0.05). Small‐bowel residence time in male patients was 5.9 (2.0–13.7) h versus 3.2 (1.5–6.0) h in healthy males (P < 0.05). Small‐bowel residence ti...
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Etiology of portal hypertension may influence Gastrointestinal Transit.
Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 2003Co-Authors: Riadh Sadik, Hasse Abrahamsson, Einar Björnsson, A. Gunnarsdottir, Per-ove StotzerAbstract:Background: Gastrointestinal Transit studies have shown contradictory results in patients with portal hypertension. We have studied gastric emptying, small‐bowel Transit and colonic Transit in patients with portal hypertension. The association between small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth and Gastrointestinal Transit was assessed. Methods: Sixteen patients (6 females) with portal hypertension and esophageal varices were included. A newly developed radiological procedure was used to measure Gastrointestinal Transit during one visit. Variceal pressure was measured and culture of small‐bowel aspirate was used to diagnose small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth. The results were compared to results obtained in 83 healthy subjects. Results: Half gastric emptying time in male patients was 3.8 (0.9–5.8) h versus 2.5 (0.4–4.0) h in healthy males (median and percentile 10–90; P
Riadh Sadik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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etiology of portal hypertension may influence Gastrointestinal Transit
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2003Co-Authors: Riadh Sadik, Hasse Abrahamsson, Einar Björnsson, A. Gunnarsdottir, Per-ove StotzerAbstract:Background: Gastrointestinal Transit studies have shown contradictory results in patients with portal hypertension. We have studied gastric emptying, small‐bowel Transit and colonic Transit in patients with portal hypertension. The association between small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth and Gastrointestinal Transit was assessed. Methods: Sixteen patients (6 females) with portal hypertension and esophageal varices were included. A newly developed radiological procedure was used to measure Gastrointestinal Transit during one visit. Variceal pressure was measured and culture of small‐bowel aspirate was used to diagnose small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth. The results were compared to results obtained in 83 healthy subjects. Results: Half gastric emptying time in male patients was 3.8 (0.9–5.8) h versus 2.5 (0.4–4.0) h in healthy males (median and percentile 10–90; P < 0.05). Small‐bowel residence time in male patients was 5.9 (2.0–13.7) h versus 3.2 (1.5–6.0) h in healthy males (P < 0.05). Small‐bowel residence ti...
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Etiology of portal hypertension may influence Gastrointestinal Transit.
Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 2003Co-Authors: Riadh Sadik, Hasse Abrahamsson, Einar Björnsson, A. Gunnarsdottir, Per-ove StotzerAbstract:Background: Gastrointestinal Transit studies have shown contradictory results in patients with portal hypertension. We have studied gastric emptying, small‐bowel Transit and colonic Transit in patients with portal hypertension. The association between small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth and Gastrointestinal Transit was assessed. Methods: Sixteen patients (6 females) with portal hypertension and esophageal varices were included. A newly developed radiological procedure was used to measure Gastrointestinal Transit during one visit. Variceal pressure was measured and culture of small‐bowel aspirate was used to diagnose small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth. The results were compared to results obtained in 83 healthy subjects. Results: Half gastric emptying time in male patients was 3.8 (0.9–5.8) h versus 2.5 (0.4–4.0) h in healthy males (median and percentile 10–90; P
I. Power - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Interactive effect of morphine and dexmedetomidine on gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit in the rat.
British journal of anaesthesia, 1998Co-Authors: T. Asai, W.w. Mapleson, I. PowerAbstract:We studied the interactive effect of dexmedetomidine and morphine on gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit in the rat. In one group of rats, to examine the interactive effect on Gastrointestinal Transit, the two drugs were injected i.p. in a fixed ratio (30: 1)–that of their ED50 values–in six doses (0.062-1.075 mg kg-1), each to a different group of 5-8 male rats for each dose. In another group, to examine the interactive effect on gastric emptying, either dexmedetomidine or saline was injected with saline or with the ED25 or ED50 of morphine (0.22 and 2.8 mg kg-1, respectively). In both groups, at 30 min, radiolabelled saline 1 ml was infused into the stomach; at 1 h, gastric emptying or Gastrointestinal Transit was calculated by measuring the radioactivity in the Gastrointestinal tract. Morphine and dexmedetomidine produced a supra-additive inhibitory effect on Gastrointestinal Transit (P = 0.02). Dexmedetomidine 0.01 mg kg-1, which itself significantly inhibited gastric emptying (P
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Effects of nalbuphine, pentazocine and U50488H on gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit in the rat.
British journal of anaesthesia, 1998Co-Authors: Takashi Asai, W.w. Mapleson, I. PowerAbstract:We studied the effect of mixed agonist-antagonist opioids (nalbuphine and pentazocine) and a kappa opioid agonist (U50488H) on gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit, and their interactions with morphine in rats. In each group, nalbuphine (0.01-30 mg kg-1), pentazocine (1-30 mg kg-1), U50488H (1-100 mg kg(-1)1) or saline was injected i.p. at 0 min. Another four groups of rats received morphine 13.4 mg kg-1 (ED75) and one of the following substances: saline, nalbuphine, pentazocine or U50488H. In both groups, at 30 min, radiolabelled saline 1 ml was infused into the stomach; at 1 h, gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit were calculated by measuring the radioactivity in the Gastrointestinal tract. Slopes for dose-response curves were determined. Nalbuphine significantly, but only weakly, delayed gastric emptying (P
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Differential effects of clonidine and dexmedetomidine on gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit in the rat.
British journal of anaesthesia, 1997Co-Authors: T. Asai, W.w. Mapleson, I. PowerAbstract:We have studied the effect of clonidine, dexmedetomidine and morphine on gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit in the rat. In one group, each agonist was injected i.p. in 6-12 male Wistar rats. In another group of rats, yohimbine, naloxone or saline was injected with an agonist. At 30 min, radiolabelled saline 1 ml was infused into the stomach. At 1 h, gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit were calculated by measuring the radioactivity in the Gastrointestinal tract. We found that clonidine and dexmedetomidine strongly inhibited Gastrointestinal Transit (ED50 0.08 and 0.04 mg kg-1, respectively). They also significantly inhibited gastric emptying (P
Paulus S. Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit during lactation in rats
American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 1997Co-Authors: Tseng Shing Chen, Ming Luen Doong, Shyi Wu Wang, Shiow-chwen Tsai, Hsi Chang Shih, Yen Hao Chen, Full Young Chang, Shou-dong Lee, Paulus S. WangAbstract:Female sex hormones can influence Gastrointestinal function. To understand whether postpartum changes in female sex hormones may affect such function, gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit were measured in rats on days 1-2, 10, 15, and 21 of lactation, on day 7 postweaning, and at the nonpregnant diestrous stage. Gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit were assessed in conscious rats 15 min after intragastric instillation of a test meal containing charcoal and (51)Cr. The results showed that gastric emptying was increased throughout the first 2 wk of lactation, with a gradual decrease as lactation proceeded toward weaning, and returned to the level of the virgin rats by 1 wk postweaning. Gastrointestinal Transit was greater in the early stage of lactation and was related to gastric emptying (P < 0.001). Increases in gastric emptying and intestinal length were correlated with lactation (P < 0.001) and plasma prolactin levels (P < 0.05) but not with plasma progesterone or estradiol levels. We concluded that the sex steroid hormones associated with lactation do not mediate a change in gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit during lactation.
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Influence of pregnancy and uterine weight on rat Gastrointestinal Transit.
Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology, 1995Co-Authors: Full Young Chang, Shou-dong Lee, Guey-hwa Yeh, Paulus S. WangAbstract:Orogastric feeding of a charcoal meal to rats was employed to measure whether the various stages of pregnancy could influence Gastrointestinal Transit. The oestrous cycle of female Sprague-Dawley rats was checked daily. If pro-oestrus occurred, the first day of pregnancy was defined to be on the next day after the copulation. Gastrointestinal Transit studies were conducted on day 7 (first trimester), day 14 (second) and day 21 (third), respectively. The rats were killed 15 min after the successful feeding of a calorie-free, charcoal-containing test meal via a transiently placed orogastric catheter. Gastrointestinal Transit was defined as the per cent of charcoal Transit divided by the total length of the small intestine. These results were compared with the data obtained from non-pregnant female rats. Mean percentages of Transit for the first, second and third trimester, and for controls were 42.8 +/- 1.9, 45.3 +/- 4.1, 35.7 +/- 1.7 and 42.6 +/- 1.4%, respectively (mean +/- s.e.). Late pregnancy elicited a marked inhibition of Transit (P < 0.01). A significant negative correlation between Transit and uterine weight of all pregnant rats was seen (r = -0.50, P < 0.05). The present study indicates that inhibited Gastrointestinal Transit occurs in the late pregnant rat.
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Effects of sex steroid hormones on gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit in rats.
The American journal of physiology, 1995Co-Authors: Tseng Shing Chen, Ming Luen Doong, Full Young Chang, Shou-dong Lee, Paulus S. WangAbstract:In vitro studies have shown that estrogen and progesterone can affect the contractile response and myoelectric activity of the Gastrointestinal smooth muscle. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of sex steroid hormones on gastric emptying and Gastrointestinal Transit were assessed in rats 15 min after intragastric instillation of a test meal containing charcoal and 51Cr. Gastric emptying was determined by measuring the amount of labeled chromium contained in the small intestine as a percentage of the initial amount received. Gastrointestinal Transit was evaluated by calculating both the geometric center of distribution of the radiolabeled marker and the charcoal Transit in the intestine. The experimental animals included diestrus rats; ovariectomized rats treated with vehicle, estradiol, and/or progesterone; and normal male and orchiectomized rats treated with vehicle or testosterone. Female rats in diestrus had a slower gastric emptying and a lesser geometric center value than ovariectomized rats. Estradiol inhibited gastric emptying but did not affect Gastrointestinal Transit. Progesterone increased gastric emptying. Progesterone at lower dose (10 mg/kg) decreased the geometric center compared with higher doses (20 or 40 mg/kg) or vehicle controls. A mixture of estradiol (10 micrograms/kg) and progesterone (20 mg/kg) inhibited gastric emptying to a similar degree as estradiol (10 micrograms/kg) did. Testosterone had no influence on gastric emptying or Gastrointestinal Transit. These results suggest that estradiol and a mixture of estradiol and progesterone inhibit, whereas progesterone enhances, gastric emptying. Testosterone did not play a role in Gastrointestinal motility.
Einar Björnsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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etiology of portal hypertension may influence Gastrointestinal Transit
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology, 2003Co-Authors: Riadh Sadik, Hasse Abrahamsson, Einar Björnsson, A. Gunnarsdottir, Per-ove StotzerAbstract:Background: Gastrointestinal Transit studies have shown contradictory results in patients with portal hypertension. We have studied gastric emptying, small‐bowel Transit and colonic Transit in patients with portal hypertension. The association between small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth and Gastrointestinal Transit was assessed. Methods: Sixteen patients (6 females) with portal hypertension and esophageal varices were included. A newly developed radiological procedure was used to measure Gastrointestinal Transit during one visit. Variceal pressure was measured and culture of small‐bowel aspirate was used to diagnose small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth. The results were compared to results obtained in 83 healthy subjects. Results: Half gastric emptying time in male patients was 3.8 (0.9–5.8) h versus 2.5 (0.4–4.0) h in healthy males (median and percentile 10–90; P < 0.05). Small‐bowel residence time in male patients was 5.9 (2.0–13.7) h versus 3.2 (1.5–6.0) h in healthy males (P < 0.05). Small‐bowel residence ti...
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Etiology of portal hypertension may influence Gastrointestinal Transit.
Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology, 2003Co-Authors: Riadh Sadik, Hasse Abrahamsson, Einar Björnsson, A. Gunnarsdottir, Per-ove StotzerAbstract:Background: Gastrointestinal Transit studies have shown contradictory results in patients with portal hypertension. We have studied gastric emptying, small‐bowel Transit and colonic Transit in patients with portal hypertension. The association between small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth and Gastrointestinal Transit was assessed. Methods: Sixteen patients (6 females) with portal hypertension and esophageal varices were included. A newly developed radiological procedure was used to measure Gastrointestinal Transit during one visit. Variceal pressure was measured and culture of small‐bowel aspirate was used to diagnose small‐bowel bacterial overgrowth. The results were compared to results obtained in 83 healthy subjects. Results: Half gastric emptying time in male patients was 3.8 (0.9–5.8) h versus 2.5 (0.4–4.0) h in healthy males (median and percentile 10–90; P
