The Experts below are selected from a list of 126987 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Sean White - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • enabling large scale outdoor mixed reality and augmented reality
    International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality, 2011
    Co-Authors: Steven Feiner, Thommen Korah, David Joseph Murphy, Vasu Parameswaran, Matei Stroila, Sean White
    Abstract:

    While there is significant recent progress in technologies supporting augmented reality for small indoor environments, there is still much work to be done for large outdoor environments. This workshop focuses primarily on research that enables high-quality outdoor Mixed Reality (MR) and Augmented Reality (AR) applications. These research topics include, but are not restricted to: — 3D Geo-Referenced Data (images, point clouds, and models) — Algorithms for object recognition from large Databases of Geo-Referenced Data — Algorithms for object tracking in outdoor environment — Multi-cue fusion to achieve improved performance of object detection and tracking — Novel representation schemes to facilitate large-scale content distribution — 3D reasoning to support intelligent augmentation — Novel and improved mobile capabilities for Data capture (device sensors), processing, and display — Applications, experiences, and user interface techniques. The workshop will also showcase existing prototypes of applications enabled by these technologies: mirror worlds, high-fidelity virtual environments, applications of panoramic imagery, and user studies relating to these media types. This workshop aims to bring together academic and industrial researchers and to foster discussion amongst participants on the current state of the art and future directions for technologies that enable large-scale outdoor MR and AR applications. The workshop will start with a session in which position statements and overviews of the state of the art are presented. In the afternoon, we will follow up with discussion sessions and a short closing session.

Robert G Aykroyd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • birnbaum saunders spatial modelling and diagnostics applied to agricultural engineering Data
    Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 2017
    Co-Authors: Fabiana Garciapapani, Miguel Angel Uribeopazo, Victor Leiva, Robert G Aykroyd
    Abstract:

    Applications of statistical models to describe spatial dependence in Geo-Referenced Data are widespread across many disciplines including the environmental sciences. Most of these applications assume that the Data follow a Gaussian distribution. However, in many of them the normality assumption, and even a more general assumption of symmetry, are not appropriate. In non-spatial applications, where the Data are uni-modal and positively skewed, the Birnbaum–Saunders (BS) distribution has excelled. This paper proposes a spatial log-linear model based on the BS distribution. Model parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Local influence diagnostics are derived to assess the sensitivity of the estimators to perturbations in the response variable. As illustration, the proposed model and its diagnostics are used to analyse a real-world agricultural Data set, where the spatial variability of phosphorus concentration in the soil is considered—which is extremely important for agricultural management.

  • Birnbaum-Saunders spatial modelling and diagnostics applied to agricultural engineering Data
    'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2017
    Co-Authors: Garcia-papani F, Robert G Aykroyd
    Abstract:

    Applications of statistical models to describe spatial dependence in Geo-Referenced Data are widespread across many disciplines including the environmental sciences. Most of these application assume that the Data follow a Gaussian distributions. However, in many of them the normality assumption, and even a more general assumption of symmetry, are not appropriate. In non-spatial applications, where the Data are uni-modal and positively skewed, the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution has excelled. This paper proposes a spatial log-linear model based in the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution. Model parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Local influence diagnostics are derived to assess the sensitivity of the estimators to perturbations in the response variable. As illustration, the proposed model and its diagnostics are used to analyse a real-world agricultural Data-set, where the spatial variability of phosphorus concentration in the soil is considered- which is extremely important for agricultural management

L Njoroge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • location and uptake integrated household and gis analysis of technology adoption and land use with application to smallholder dairy farms in kenya
    Agricultural Economics, 2002
    Co-Authors: Steven J Staal, Isabelle Baltenweck, Michael Waithaka, T Dewolff, L Njoroge
    Abstract:

    Abstract GIS-derived measures of location and space have increasingly been used in models of land use and ecology. However, they have made few inroads into the literature on technology adoption in developing countries, which continues to rely mainly on survey-derived information. Location, with all its dimensions of market access, demographics and agro-climate, nevertheless remains key to understanding potential for technology use. The measures of location typically used in the adoption literature, such as locational dummy variables that proxy a range of locational factors, now appear relatively crude given the increased availability of more explicit GIS-derived measures. This paper attempts to demonstrate the usefulness of integrating GIS-measures into analysis of technology uptake, for better differentiating and understanding locational effects. A set of GIS-derived measures of market access and agro-climate are included in a standard household model of technology uptake, applied to smallholder dairy farms in Kenya, using a sample of 3330 Geo-Referenced farm households. The three technologies examined are keeping of dairy cattle, planting of specialised fodder, and use of concentrate feed. Logit estimations are conducted that significantly differentiate effects of individual household characteristics from those related to location. The predicted values of the locational variables are then used to make spatial predictions of technology potential. Comparisons are made with estimations based only on survey Data, which demonstrate that while overall explanatory power may not improve with GIS-derived variables, the latter yield more practical interpretations, which is further demonstrated through predictions of technology uptake change with a shift in infrastructure policy. Although requiring large Geo-Referenced Data sets and high resolution GIS layers, the methodology demonstrates the potential to better unravel the multiple effects of location on farmer decisions on technology and land use.

  • location and uptake integrated household and gis analysis of technology adoption and land use with application to smallholder dairy farms in kenya
    Agricultural Economics, 2002
    Co-Authors: Steven J Staal, Isabelle Baltenweck, Michael Waithaka, T Dewolff, L Njoroge
    Abstract:

    GIS-derived measures of location and space have increasingly been used in models of land use and ecology. However, they have made few inroads into the literature on technology adoption in developing countries, which continues to rely mainly on survey-derived information. Location, with all its dimensions of market access, demographics and agro-climate, nevertheless remains key to understanding potential for technology use. The measures oflocation typically used in the adoption literature, such as locational dummy variables that proxy a range of locational factors, now appear relatively crude given the increased availability of more explicit GIS-derived measures. This paper attempts to demonstrate the usefulness of integrating GIS-measures into analysis of technology uptake, for better differentiating and understanding locational effects. A set of GIS-derived measures of market access and agro-climate are included in a standard household model of technology uptake, applied to smallholder dairy farms in Kenya, using a sample of 3330 Geo-Referenced farm households. The three technologies examined are keeping of dairy cattle, planting of specialised fodder, and use of concentrate feed. Logit estimations are conducted that significantly differentiate effects of individual household characteristics from those related to location. The predicted values of the locational variables are then used to make spatial predictions of technology potential. Comparisons are made with estimations based only on survey Data, which demonstrate that while overall explanatory power may not improve with GIS-derived variables, the latter yield more practical interpretations, which is further demonstrated through predictions of technology uptake change with a shift in infrastructure policy. Although requiring large Geo-Referenced Data sets and high resolution GIS layers, the methodology demonstrates the potential to better unravel the multiple effects of location on farmer decisions on technology and land use. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Daniel F Heuermann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the distributional effect of commuting subsidies evidence from geo referenced Data and a large scale policy reform
    Regional Science and Urban Economics, 2017
    Co-Authors: Daniel F Heuermann, Philipp Vom Berge, Franziska Assmann, Florian Freund
    Abstract:

    We use the unexpected partial repeal of a tax break for commuters in Germany to examine the distribution of benefits from commuting subsidies between workers and firms. Drawing on a large set of Geo-Referenced employer-employee Data, we use exact route distances between place of work and place of residence to calculate individual net wage benefits from commuting subsidies. In line with urban efficiency wage theories, we find robust evidence that employers compensate workers on average for about one third of the net wage loss caused by the reform if wages are individually negotiated. We find no comparable effect for workers covered by collective wage agreements. The subsequent existence of two common subsidy regimes within an otherwise stable institutional environment allows to draw inference on how each regime redistributes income between wage groups and between regions. We find that the introduction of a lower bound for commuting distances leads to a more equal distribution of net wage benefits between wage groups and regions compared to a regime without a lower bound.

  • the distributional effect of commuting subsidies evidence from geo referenced Data and large scale policy reform
    Annual Conference 2015 (Muenster): Economic Development - Theory and Policy, 2015
    Co-Authors: Florian Freund, Franziska Hawranek, Philipp Vom Berge, Daniel F Heuermann
    Abstract:

    Tax legislation in virtually all OECD countries foresees tax breaks for commuters. Such commuting allowances are implemented with the aim to raise matching efficiency in the labor market and / or to promote an equalization of net wages for workers independent of the length of their commute. Despite the fiscal magnitude of these subsidies (e.g. in Germany the sum of foregone tax income from commuting tax breaks amounts to 6 billion Euros annually) little is known about their effects on worker and firm behavior. In this paper we use the unexpected repeal of commuting subsidies in Germany between 2007 and 2009, which has affected different groups of workers to a different extent, as a natural experiment. Drawing on a large Data set of Geo-Referenced employer-employee Data and applying a difference-in-difference approach, we estimate the effect of commuting subsidies on wages and employment. Beyond the direct effect of the commuting tax break our results allow to draw inference on three key variables in labor economics: wage elasticity of labor supply, bargaining power of workers, and the wage elasticity of locational choice. We find that workers who lose some of their net wage as a result of the reform experience increases in gross wages of .6 per cent. Adjustments in gross wages differ, however, substantially across industries and across educational status, which can be taken as evidence for differential bargaining power across worker groups.

Florian Freund - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the distributional effect of commuting subsidies evidence from geo referenced Data and a large scale policy reform
    Regional Science and Urban Economics, 2017
    Co-Authors: Daniel F Heuermann, Philipp Vom Berge, Franziska Assmann, Florian Freund
    Abstract:

    We use the unexpected partial repeal of a tax break for commuters in Germany to examine the distribution of benefits from commuting subsidies between workers and firms. Drawing on a large set of Geo-Referenced employer-employee Data, we use exact route distances between place of work and place of residence to calculate individual net wage benefits from commuting subsidies. In line with urban efficiency wage theories, we find robust evidence that employers compensate workers on average for about one third of the net wage loss caused by the reform if wages are individually negotiated. We find no comparable effect for workers covered by collective wage agreements. The subsequent existence of two common subsidy regimes within an otherwise stable institutional environment allows to draw inference on how each regime redistributes income between wage groups and between regions. We find that the introduction of a lower bound for commuting distances leads to a more equal distribution of net wage benefits between wage groups and regions compared to a regime without a lower bound.

  • the distributional effect of commuting subsidies evidence from geo referenced Data and large scale policy reform
    Annual Conference 2015 (Muenster): Economic Development - Theory and Policy, 2015
    Co-Authors: Florian Freund, Franziska Hawranek, Philipp Vom Berge, Daniel F Heuermann
    Abstract:

    Tax legislation in virtually all OECD countries foresees tax breaks for commuters. Such commuting allowances are implemented with the aim to raise matching efficiency in the labor market and / or to promote an equalization of net wages for workers independent of the length of their commute. Despite the fiscal magnitude of these subsidies (e.g. in Germany the sum of foregone tax income from commuting tax breaks amounts to 6 billion Euros annually) little is known about their effects on worker and firm behavior. In this paper we use the unexpected repeal of commuting subsidies in Germany between 2007 and 2009, which has affected different groups of workers to a different extent, as a natural experiment. Drawing on a large Data set of Geo-Referenced employer-employee Data and applying a difference-in-difference approach, we estimate the effect of commuting subsidies on wages and employment. Beyond the direct effect of the commuting tax break our results allow to draw inference on three key variables in labor economics: wage elasticity of labor supply, bargaining power of workers, and the wage elasticity of locational choice. We find that workers who lose some of their net wage as a result of the reform experience increases in gross wages of .6 per cent. Adjustments in gross wages differ, however, substantially across industries and across educational status, which can be taken as evidence for differential bargaining power across worker groups.