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Dongsang Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Glass Property Models, Constraints, and Formulation Approaches for Vitrification of High-Level Nuclear Wastes at the US Hanford Site
    Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society, 2015
    Co-Authors: Dongsang Kim
    Abstract:

    Current plans for legacy nuclear wastes stored in underground tanks at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Hanford Site in Washington are that they will be separated into high-level waste and low-activity waste fractions that will be vitrified separately. Formulating optimized Glass compositions that maximize the waste loading in Glass is critical for successful and economical treatment and immobilization of these nuclear wastes. Glass Property-composition models have been developed and applied to formulate Glass compositions for various objectives for the past several decades. Property models with associated uncertainties combined with composition and Property constraints have been used to develop preliminary Glass formulation algorithms designed for vitrification process control and waste-form qualification at the planned waste vitrification plant. This paper provides an overview of the current status of Glass Property-composition models, constraints applicable to Hanford waste vitrification, and Glass formulation approaches that have been developed for vitrification of hazardous and highly radioactive wastes stored at the Hanford Site.

  • Glass Property models and constraints for estimating the Glass to be produced at hanford by implementing current advanced Glass formulation efforts
    2013
    Co-Authors: John D Vienna, Dongsang Kim, Daniel C Skorski, Josef Matyas
    Abstract:

    Recent Glass formulation and melter testing data have suggested that significant increases in waste loading in HLW and LAW Glasses are possible over current system planning estimates. The data (although limited in some cases) were evaluated to determine a set of constraints and models that could be used to estimate the maximum loading of specific waste compositions in Glass. It is recommended that these models and constraints be used to estimate the likely HLW and LAW Glass volumes that would result if the current Glass formulation studies are successfully completed. It is recognized that some of the models are preliminary in nature and will change in the coming years. Plus the models do not currently address the prediction uncertainties that would be needed before they could be used in plant operations. The models and constraints are only meant to give an indication of rough Glass volumes and are not intended to be used in plant operation or waste form qualification activities. A current research program is in place to develop the data, models, and uncertainty descriptions for that purpose. A fundamental tenet underlying the research reported in this document is to try to be less conservative than previous studies whenmore » developing constraints for estimating the Glass to be produced by implementing current advanced Glass formulation efforts. The less conservative approach documented herein should allow for the estimate of Glass masses that may be realized if the current efforts in advanced Glass formulations are completed over the coming years and are as successful as early indications suggest they may be. Because of this approach there is an unquantifiable uncertainty in the ultimate Glass volume projections due to model prediction uncertainties that has to be considered along with other system uncertainties such as waste compositions and amounts to be immobilized, split factors between LAW and HLW, etc.« less

  • expanded high level waste Glass Property data development phase i
    2011
    Co-Authors: Michael J Schweiger, John D Vienna, Dongsang Kim, Pavel R Hrma, Brian J Riley, Jarrod V Crum, Carmen P Rodriguez, Benjamin M Arrigoni, Jesse B Lang, F C Raszewski
    Abstract:

    Two separate test matrices were developed as part if the EM-21 Glass Matrix Crucible Testing. The first matrix, developed using a single component-at-a-time design method and covering Glasses of interest primarily to Hanford, is addressed in this data package. This data package includes methods and results from Glass fabrication, chemical analysis of Glass compositions, viscosity, electrical conductivity, liquidus temperature, canister centerline cooling, product consistency testing, and the toxicity characteristic leach procedure.

  • Glass Property data and models for estimating high level waste Glass volume
    2009
    Co-Authors: John D Vienna, Alexander Fluegel, Dongsang Kim, Pavel R Hrma
    Abstract:

    This report describes recent efforts to develop Glass Property models that can be used to help estimate the volume of high-level waste (HLW) Glass that will result from vitrification of Hanford tank waste. The compositions of acceptable and processable HLW Glasses need to be optimized to minimize the waste-form volume and, hence, to save cost. A database of properties and associated compositions for simulated waste Glasses was collected for developing Property-composition models. This database, although not comprehensive, represents a large fraction of data on waste-Glass compositions and properties that were available at the time of this report. Glass Property-composition models were fit to subsets of the database for several key Glass properties. These models apply to a significantly broader composition space than those previously publised. These models should be considered for interim use in calculating properties of Hanford waste Glasses.

John D Vienna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Glass Property models and constraints for estimating the Glass to be produced at hanford by implementing current advanced Glass formulation efforts
    2013
    Co-Authors: John D Vienna, Dongsang Kim, Daniel C Skorski, Josef Matyas
    Abstract:

    Recent Glass formulation and melter testing data have suggested that significant increases in waste loading in HLW and LAW Glasses are possible over current system planning estimates. The data (although limited in some cases) were evaluated to determine a set of constraints and models that could be used to estimate the maximum loading of specific waste compositions in Glass. It is recommended that these models and constraints be used to estimate the likely HLW and LAW Glass volumes that would result if the current Glass formulation studies are successfully completed. It is recognized that some of the models are preliminary in nature and will change in the coming years. Plus the models do not currently address the prediction uncertainties that would be needed before they could be used in plant operations. The models and constraints are only meant to give an indication of rough Glass volumes and are not intended to be used in plant operation or waste form qualification activities. A current research program is in place to develop the data, models, and uncertainty descriptions for that purpose. A fundamental tenet underlying the research reported in this document is to try to be less conservative than previous studies whenmore » developing constraints for estimating the Glass to be produced by implementing current advanced Glass formulation efforts. The less conservative approach documented herein should allow for the estimate of Glass masses that may be realized if the current efforts in advanced Glass formulations are completed over the coming years and are as successful as early indications suggest they may be. Because of this approach there is an unquantifiable uncertainty in the ultimate Glass volume projections due to model prediction uncertainties that has to be considered along with other system uncertainties such as waste compositions and amounts to be immobilized, split factors between LAW and HLW, etc.« less

  • expanded high level waste Glass Property data development phase i
    2011
    Co-Authors: Michael J Schweiger, John D Vienna, Dongsang Kim, Pavel R Hrma, Brian J Riley, Jarrod V Crum, Carmen P Rodriguez, Benjamin M Arrigoni, Jesse B Lang, F C Raszewski
    Abstract:

    Two separate test matrices were developed as part if the EM-21 Glass Matrix Crucible Testing. The first matrix, developed using a single component-at-a-time design method and covering Glasses of interest primarily to Hanford, is addressed in this data package. This data package includes methods and results from Glass fabrication, chemical analysis of Glass compositions, viscosity, electrical conductivity, liquidus temperature, canister centerline cooling, product consistency testing, and the toxicity characteristic leach procedure.

  • Glass Property data and models for estimating high level waste Glass volume
    2009
    Co-Authors: John D Vienna, Alexander Fluegel, Dongsang Kim, Pavel R Hrma
    Abstract:

    This report describes recent efforts to develop Glass Property models that can be used to help estimate the volume of high-level waste (HLW) Glass that will result from vitrification of Hanford tank waste. The compositions of acceptable and processable HLW Glasses need to be optimized to minimize the waste-form volume and, hence, to save cost. A database of properties and associated compositions for simulated waste Glasses was collected for developing Property-composition models. This database, although not comprehensive, represents a large fraction of data on waste-Glass compositions and properties that were available at the time of this report. Glass Property-composition models were fit to subsets of the database for several key Glass properties. These models apply to a significantly broader composition space than those previously publised. These models should be considered for interim use in calculating properties of Hanford waste Glasses.

Pavel R Hrma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • expanded high level waste Glass Property data development phase i
    2011
    Co-Authors: Michael J Schweiger, John D Vienna, Dongsang Kim, Pavel R Hrma, Brian J Riley, Jarrod V Crum, Carmen P Rodriguez, Benjamin M Arrigoni, Jesse B Lang, F C Raszewski
    Abstract:

    Two separate test matrices were developed as part if the EM-21 Glass Matrix Crucible Testing. The first matrix, developed using a single component-at-a-time design method and covering Glasses of interest primarily to Hanford, is addressed in this data package. This data package includes methods and results from Glass fabrication, chemical analysis of Glass compositions, viscosity, electrical conductivity, liquidus temperature, canister centerline cooling, product consistency testing, and the toxicity characteristic leach procedure.

  • Glass Property data and models for estimating high level waste Glass volume
    2009
    Co-Authors: John D Vienna, Alexander Fluegel, Dongsang Kim, Pavel R Hrma
    Abstract:

    This report describes recent efforts to develop Glass Property models that can be used to help estimate the volume of high-level waste (HLW) Glass that will result from vitrification of Hanford tank waste. The compositions of acceptable and processable HLW Glasses need to be optimized to minimize the waste-form volume and, hence, to save cost. A database of properties and associated compositions for simulated waste Glasses was collected for developing Property-composition models. This database, although not comprehensive, represents a large fraction of data on waste-Glass compositions and properties that were available at the time of this report. Glass Property-composition models were fit to subsets of the database for several key Glass properties. These models apply to a significantly broader composition space than those previously publised. These models should be considered for interim use in calculating properties of Hanford waste Glasses.

Liyan Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • composition structure Property modeling for nd3 doped alkali phosphate laser Glass
    Optical Materials, 2020
    Co-Authors: Wenxiu Liu, Sasa Yan, Yajie Wang, Liyan Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract In the study of Nd:phosphate laser Glass modified by introducing Li2O (0–8 mol%) and Na2O (0–8 mol%), respectively, Glass transition temperature (Tg), thermal expansion coefficient (α), nonlinear refractive index (n2) and effective linewidth (Δλeff) were measured. Statistical based composition-structure-Property (C-S-P) models were systematically developed. For the single-component study, a limitation of the C-P model approach is first discussed, i.e., which cannot adequately simulate Glass Property responses. To overcome the C-P mode limitation from the single-component study, C-S and S-P models were subsequently explored. The alternative methodology, transforms a problem of a given Glass Property response to a single (one dimensional) oxide change to a problem of the same Property response to multi-directional Glass structural changes for building a corresponding statistical S-P model. The same methodology is also applied to build C-S model. Plausible Glass network structural units (or distributions) were derived from measured Fourier transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectra aided by using a standard curve-fitting method. As a result, S-P models showed significant improvements in simulating the measured Glass properties. The C-S-P models, as a Glass design tool box, were validated by using four designed Glasses in the current independent design of experiment (DOE). For the four DOE derived Glass compositions, the measured Li2O and Na2O concentrations and measured properties of the four Glasses were very close to the C-S-P model predictions within the experimental errors, except for two cases where differences of Tg were significantly large.

J M Tingey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Comparison of simulants to actual neutralized current acid waste: Process and product testing of three NCAW core samples from Tanks 101-AZ and 102-AZ
    1996
    Co-Authors: E V Morrey, J M Tingey, M L Elliott
    Abstract:

    A vitrification plant is planned to process the high-level waste (HLW) solids from Hanford Site tanks into canistered Glass logs for disposal in a national repository. Programs were established within the Pacific Northwest Laboratory Vitrification Technology Development (PVTD) Project to test and model simulated waste to support design, feed processability, operations, permitting, safety, and waste-form qualification. Parallel testing with actual radioactive waste was performed on a laboratory-scale to confirm the validity of using simulants and Glass Property models developed from simulants. Laboratory-scale testing has been completed on three radioactive core samples from tanks 101-AZ and 102-AZ containing neutralized current acid waste (NCAW), which is one of the first waste types to be processed in the high-level waste vitrification plant under a privatization scenario. Properties of the radioactive waste measured during process and product testing were compared to simulant properties and model predictions to confirm the validity of simulant and Glass Property ,models work. This report includes results from the three NCAW core samples, comparable results from slurry and Glass simulants, and comparisons to Glass Property model predictions

  • laboratory scale vitrification and leaching of hanford high level waste for the purpose of simulant and Glass Property models validation
    Waste management '93 Tucson AZ (United States) 28 Feb - 4 Mar 1993, 1993
    Co-Authors: E V Morrey, M L Elliott, J M Tingey
    Abstract:

    The Hanford Waste Vitrification Plant (HWVP) is being built to process the high-level and TRU waste into canistered Glass logs for disposal in a national repository. Testing programs have been established within the Project to verify process technology using simulated waste. A parallel testing program with actual radioactive waste is being performed to confirm the validity of using simulates and Glass Property models for waste form qualification and process testing. The first feed type to be processed by and the first to be tested on a laboratory-scale is pretreated neutralized current acid waste (NCAW). The NCAW is a neutralized high-level waste stream generated from the reprocessing of irradiated nuclear fuel in the Plutonium and Uranium Extraction (PUREX) Plant at Hanford. As part of the fuel reprocessing, the high-level waste generated in PUREX was denitrated with sugar to form current acid waste (CAW). Sodium hydroxide and sodium nitrite were added to the CAW to minimize corrosion in the tanks, thus yielding neutralized CAW. The NCAW contains small amounts of plutonium, fission products from the irradiated fuel, stainless steel corrosion products, and iron and sulfate from the ferrous sulfamate reductant used in the PUREX process. This paper will discuss the results andmore » status of the laboratory-scale radioactive testing.« less