The Experts below are selected from a list of 300 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Mark A Borchardt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simultaneous concentration of bovine viruses and agricultural zoonotic bacteria from water using sodocalcic Glass Wool filters
Food and Environmental Virology, 2014Co-Authors: Sherif Abdelmaksoud, Susan K Spencer, Charles P Gerba, Akrum H Tamimi, William E Jokela, Mark A BorchardtAbstract:Infiltration and runoff from manured agricultural fields can result in livestock pathogens reaching groundwater and surface waters. Here, we measured the effectiveness of Glass Wool filters to simultaneously concentrate enteric viruses and bacteria of bovine origin from water. The recovery efficiencies were determined for bovine viral diarrhea virus types 1 and 2, bovine rotavirus group A, bovine coronavirus, poliovirus Sabin III, toxigenic Escherichia coli ,and Campylobacter jejuni seeded into water with three different turbidity levels (0.5, 215, and 447 NTU). Twenty liters of dechlorinated tap water (pH 7) were seeded with the test organisms, and then passed through a Glass Wool filter using a peristaltic pump (flow rate = 1 liter min−1). Retained organisms were eluted from the filters by passing beef extract-glycine buffer (pH 9.5) in the direction opposite of sample flow. Recovered organisms were enumerated by qPCR except for C. jejuni, which was quantified by culture. Mean recovery efficiencies ranged from 55 to 33 % for the bacteria and 58 to 16 % for the viruses. Using bootstrapping techniques combined with Analysis of Variance, recovery efficiencies were found to differ among the pathogen types tested at the two lowest turbidity levels; however, for a given pathogen type turbidity did not affect recovery except for C. jejuni. Glass Wool filtration is a cost-effective method for concentrating several waterborne pathogens of bovine origin simultaneously, although recovery may be low for some specific taxa such as bovine viral diarrhea virus 1.
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concentration of enteroviruses adenoviruses and noroviruses from drinking water by use of Glass Wool filters
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2008Co-Authors: Elisabetta Lambertini, Susan K Spencer, Phillip D Bertz, Frank J Loge, Burney A Kieke, Mark A BorchardtAbstract:Available filtration methods to concentrate waterborne viruses are either too costly for studies requiring large numbers of samples, limited to small sample volumes, or not very portable for routine field applications. Sodocalcic Glass Wool filtration is a cost-effective and easy-to-use method to retain viruses, but its efficiency and reliability are not adequately understood. This study evaluated Glass Wool filter performance to concentrate the four viruses on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency contaminant candidate list, i.e., coxsackievirus, echovirus, norovirus, and adenovirus, as well as poliovirus. Total virus numbers recovered were measured by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR); infectious polioviruses were quantified by integrated cell culture (ICC)-qRT-PCR. Recovery efficiencies averaged 70% for poliovirus, 14% for coxsackievirus B5, 19% for echovirus 18, 21% for adenovirus 41, and 29% for norovirus. Virus strain and water matrix affected recovery, with significant interaction between the two variables. Optimal recovery was obtained at pH 6.5. No evidence was found that water volume, filtration rate, and number of viruses seeded influenced recovery. The method was successful in detecting indigenous viruses in municipal wells in Wisconsin. Long-term continuous filtration retained viruses sufficiently for their detection for up to 16 days after seeding for qRT-PCR and up to 30 days for ICC-qRT-PCR. Glass Wool filtration is suitable for large-volume samples (1,000 liters) collected at high filtration rates (4 liters min−1), and its low cost makes it advantageous for studies requiring large numbers of samples.
Zhaofeng Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Modeling and estimation of thermal conductivity of ultrafine Glass Wool mats by artificial neural network and correlation
Journal of The Textile Institute, 2019Co-Authors: Fei Wang, Zhaofeng ChenAbstract:AbstractIn this article, the thermal conductivity of ultrafine Glass Wool mats in terms of density and temperature has been modeled by artificial neural network (ANN). The thermal conductivity of u...
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Prediction on sound insulation properties of ultrafine Glass Wool mats with artificial neural networks
Applied Acoustics, 2019Co-Authors: Fei Wang, Zhaofeng Chen, Yong YangAbstract:Abstract An artificial neural network (ANN) technique was applied to predict the sound insulation properties of ultrafine Glass Wool mats. Based on an experimental database for Glass Wool mats, sound transmission loss (STL) in the frequency of 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz were successfully calculated by a well-trained ANN. The structure 3 – [5]1 – 3 with the BR training algorithm was the most adaptive model in this paper, which was proved by comparing the mean relative error. By comparing the predicted results from ANN with measured data, it was demonstrated that the model gives predictions that are reasonably close to direct measurements. Three-dimensional planes for the predicted sound insulation properties as a function of thickness, areal density and resin content were established. The predictive quality was pretty satisfactory, which can be modified furthermore by enlarging the database range.
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Processing technique and uniformity affecting tensile strength and hydrophobicity properties of Glass Wool felt
Fibers and Polymers, 2015Co-Authors: Yong Yang, Zhou Chen, Zhaofeng Chen, Cui ShengAbstract:Glass Wool felt (GWF) made from Glass Wool and phenolic resin adhesive is prospected to have a promising future in sound insulation of aircraft. In this paper, the GWF was fabricated by centrifugal-spinneret-blow (CSB), and there were two different methods to guide the Glass Wool, which were free float type (FFT) and guided swing cylinder (GSC), with GSC being designed as uniform processes. The tensile strength and hydrophobicity properties of GWF from these two methods were compared. The experimental results suggested that tensile strength and hydrophobicity properties of GWF by GSC were greater, with non-uniformity being 5 %. The tensile strength, breaking length and elastic deformation of GWF were obtained during the GWF manufactured by GSC with fibers being in 2-D distribution, and the phase difference of the swing cylinders being π/2+2kπ. The maximum static contact angle and minimum water repellency of GWF produced by GSC were 141 ° and 15 g, while for FFT they were 100 ° and 26.92 g, respectively. The uniformity of GWF’s smooth surface was accompanied by excellent hydrophobicity.
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Effect of Service Time of Centrifugal Pan on Glass Wool
Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2012Co-Authors: Zhou Chen, Jin Lian Qiu, Zhaofeng Chen, Jie Ming ZhouAbstract:In this article, the effect of service time of centrifugal pan on Glass Wool has been studied in centrifugal-spinneret-blow (CSB) process. Glass Wool was sampled every 24 h and examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vertical optical microscopy (VOM). The relationship between mean fiber diameter and service time is fitted by exponential growth function. We nominate the service life (τ) of centrifugal pan, where the mean fiber diameter (dτ) of service time is e times as large as that of initial time (d0). The service life (τ) was determined to be 273 h, where the mean fiber diameter was determined to be 10 µm. The centrifugal pan was made of Ni-Cr alloy. It was corroded by hot Glass fluid with centrifugal force. With increased service time, corrosion accumulated, and the pore diameter was enlarged, which caused the mean fiber diameter to increase with the service time.
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Glass Wool Prepared under Various Rotating Speed by Centrifugal-Spinneret-Blow Process
Advanced Materials Research, 2012Co-Authors: Zhaofeng Chen, Zhou Chen, Yan Qing Zhou, Jie Ming ZhouAbstract:In this paper, Glass Wool has been prepared under various rotating speed of centrifugal pan by centrifugal-spinneret-blow process. The fiber diameter of Glass Wool has been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vertical optical microscope (VOM). With the increase of rotating speed from 1800 rpm to 2400 rpm, the mean fiber diameter decreased from 5.9 µm to 3.9 µm, indicating the distribution of Glass Wool becomes more uniformity. The results show that the rotating speed has a direct and pronounced effect on the fiber diameter and distribution. The higher the rotating speed is, the smaller the mean fiber diameter is, and the more uniformity the distribution of fiber diameter is.
Susan K Spencer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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simultaneous concentration of bovine viruses and agricultural zoonotic bacteria from water using sodocalcic Glass Wool filters
Food and Environmental Virology, 2014Co-Authors: Sherif Abdelmaksoud, Susan K Spencer, Charles P Gerba, Akrum H Tamimi, William E Jokela, Mark A BorchardtAbstract:Infiltration and runoff from manured agricultural fields can result in livestock pathogens reaching groundwater and surface waters. Here, we measured the effectiveness of Glass Wool filters to simultaneously concentrate enteric viruses and bacteria of bovine origin from water. The recovery efficiencies were determined for bovine viral diarrhea virus types 1 and 2, bovine rotavirus group A, bovine coronavirus, poliovirus Sabin III, toxigenic Escherichia coli ,and Campylobacter jejuni seeded into water with three different turbidity levels (0.5, 215, and 447 NTU). Twenty liters of dechlorinated tap water (pH 7) were seeded with the test organisms, and then passed through a Glass Wool filter using a peristaltic pump (flow rate = 1 liter min−1). Retained organisms were eluted from the filters by passing beef extract-glycine buffer (pH 9.5) in the direction opposite of sample flow. Recovered organisms were enumerated by qPCR except for C. jejuni, which was quantified by culture. Mean recovery efficiencies ranged from 55 to 33 % for the bacteria and 58 to 16 % for the viruses. Using bootstrapping techniques combined with Analysis of Variance, recovery efficiencies were found to differ among the pathogen types tested at the two lowest turbidity levels; however, for a given pathogen type turbidity did not affect recovery except for C. jejuni. Glass Wool filtration is a cost-effective method for concentrating several waterborne pathogens of bovine origin simultaneously, although recovery may be low for some specific taxa such as bovine viral diarrhea virus 1.
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concentration of enteroviruses adenoviruses and noroviruses from drinking water by use of Glass Wool filters
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2008Co-Authors: Elisabetta Lambertini, Susan K Spencer, Phillip D Bertz, Frank J Loge, Burney A Kieke, Mark A BorchardtAbstract:Available filtration methods to concentrate waterborne viruses are either too costly for studies requiring large numbers of samples, limited to small sample volumes, or not very portable for routine field applications. Sodocalcic Glass Wool filtration is a cost-effective and easy-to-use method to retain viruses, but its efficiency and reliability are not adequately understood. This study evaluated Glass Wool filter performance to concentrate the four viruses on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency contaminant candidate list, i.e., coxsackievirus, echovirus, norovirus, and adenovirus, as well as poliovirus. Total virus numbers recovered were measured by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR); infectious polioviruses were quantified by integrated cell culture (ICC)-qRT-PCR. Recovery efficiencies averaged 70% for poliovirus, 14% for coxsackievirus B5, 19% for echovirus 18, 21% for adenovirus 41, and 29% for norovirus. Virus strain and water matrix affected recovery, with significant interaction between the two variables. Optimal recovery was obtained at pH 6.5. No evidence was found that water volume, filtration rate, and number of viruses seeded influenced recovery. The method was successful in detecting indigenous viruses in municipal wells in Wisconsin. Long-term continuous filtration retained viruses sufficiently for their detection for up to 16 days after seeding for qRT-PCR and up to 30 days for ICC-qRT-PCR. Glass Wool filtration is suitable for large-volume samples (1,000 liters) collected at high filtration rates (4 liters min−1), and its low cost makes it advantageous for studies requiring large numbers of samples.
Zhou Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Processing technique and uniformity affecting tensile strength and hydrophobicity properties of Glass Wool felt
Fibers and Polymers, 2015Co-Authors: Yong Yang, Zhou Chen, Zhaofeng Chen, Cui ShengAbstract:Glass Wool felt (GWF) made from Glass Wool and phenolic resin adhesive is prospected to have a promising future in sound insulation of aircraft. In this paper, the GWF was fabricated by centrifugal-spinneret-blow (CSB), and there were two different methods to guide the Glass Wool, which were free float type (FFT) and guided swing cylinder (GSC), with GSC being designed as uniform processes. The tensile strength and hydrophobicity properties of GWF from these two methods were compared. The experimental results suggested that tensile strength and hydrophobicity properties of GWF by GSC were greater, with non-uniformity being 5 %. The tensile strength, breaking length and elastic deformation of GWF were obtained during the GWF manufactured by GSC with fibers being in 2-D distribution, and the phase difference of the swing cylinders being π/2+2kπ. The maximum static contact angle and minimum water repellency of GWF produced by GSC were 141 ° and 15 g, while for FFT they were 100 ° and 26.92 g, respectively. The uniformity of GWF’s smooth surface was accompanied by excellent hydrophobicity.
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Effect of Service Time of Centrifugal Pan on Glass Wool
Materials and Manufacturing Processes, 2012Co-Authors: Zhou Chen, Jin Lian Qiu, Zhaofeng Chen, Jie Ming ZhouAbstract:In this article, the effect of service time of centrifugal pan on Glass Wool has been studied in centrifugal-spinneret-blow (CSB) process. Glass Wool was sampled every 24 h and examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vertical optical microscopy (VOM). The relationship between mean fiber diameter and service time is fitted by exponential growth function. We nominate the service life (τ) of centrifugal pan, where the mean fiber diameter (dτ) of service time is e times as large as that of initial time (d0). The service life (τ) was determined to be 273 h, where the mean fiber diameter was determined to be 10 µm. The centrifugal pan was made of Ni-Cr alloy. It was corroded by hot Glass fluid with centrifugal force. With increased service time, corrosion accumulated, and the pore diameter was enlarged, which caused the mean fiber diameter to increase with the service time.
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Glass Wool Prepared under Various Rotating Speed by Centrifugal-Spinneret-Blow Process
Advanced Materials Research, 2012Co-Authors: Zhaofeng Chen, Zhou Chen, Yan Qing Zhou, Jie Ming ZhouAbstract:In this paper, Glass Wool has been prepared under various rotating speed of centrifugal pan by centrifugal-spinneret-blow process. The fiber diameter of Glass Wool has been studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and vertical optical microscope (VOM). With the increase of rotating speed from 1800 rpm to 2400 rpm, the mean fiber diameter decreased from 5.9 µm to 3.9 µm, indicating the distribution of Glass Wool becomes more uniformity. The results show that the rotating speed has a direct and pronounced effect on the fiber diameter and distribution. The higher the rotating speed is, the smaller the mean fiber diameter is, and the more uniformity the distribution of fiber diameter is.
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Preparation and Properties of Ultrafine Glass Wool by Centrifugal Blowing
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2011Co-Authors: Jin Lian Qiu, Chen Zhaofeng, Jie Ming Zhou, Jian Wang, Bin Bin Li, Zhou ChenAbstract:Due to extremely low thermal conductivity, high modulus, high toughness, light weight and non-combustible property, ultrafine Glass Wool can be widely used as Glass fiber reinforcements in composites, thermal insulation materials, acoustic insulation materials, engineering materials, construction, infrastructure and environmental protection projects and so on. In particular, as a insulation material, Glass Wool exhibits unique advantages. The predominant process of Glass Wool is centrifugal blowing process. This paper describes a study of the relationship between the diameter of ultrafine Glass fiber and thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of ultrafine Glass Wool decreases with the decrease of average diameter.
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Material Parameter Determination in Glass Wool Mat for Sound Absorption
Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2011Co-Authors: Zhaofeng Chen, Bin Bin Li, Jie Ming Zhou, Zhou Chen, Jin Lian QiuAbstract:Glass Wool mat is widely used in the fields of building engineering, transport facilities and refrigeration equipment. In this paper, the effect of material parameters such as density, thickness, porosity, and flow resistivity on the normal incidence absorption coefficient has been studied. In addition, fiber length is also investigated to achieve appropriate strength. The prediction error of normal incidence absorption coefficient by modified Johnson–Allard model is less than 5% in the frequency range between 800 Hz and 5 kHz. We could use the modified Johnson–Allard model to determine the parameter of Glass Wool mat for better development.
Jasrul Jamani Jamian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Electrochemical performance of supercapacitor with Glass Wool separator under TEABF4 electrolyte
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, 2020Co-Authors: Mohd Ferdaus Bin Mohammad Yaacob, Zulkarnain Ahmad Noorden, Muhammad Nizam Bin Abdul Razak, Zuraimy Adzis, Jasrul Jamani JamianAbstract:The paper presents the electrochemical performance of supercapacitor with Glass Wool separator under organic electrolyte of tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEABF 4 ). The performance was evaluated using symmetrical two-electrode system and compared to an identical supercapacitor with commercially available cellulose paper separator under 1 M TEABF 4 . The application of Glass Wool separator reduces the bulk resistance of supercapacitor by 19.6%, promotes more efficient ions transfer across active surface of electrode and significantly improves specific capacitance by 19.1% compared to cellulose paper. The application of higher concentration TEABF 4 (1.5 M) even improves the overall performance of Glass Wool-based supercapacitor by 32.2% reduction of bulk resistance and 61.9% increment in specific capacitance compared to 1 M TEABF 4 . In addition, the energy and power densities are significantly improved by 64% and 165%, respectively for the one with 1.5 M TEABF 4 . In general, the low-cost material Glass Wool material has great potential to replace commercially available cellulose paper as separator in developing much better supercapacitor.
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Electrochemical impedance behavior of Glass Wool-based supercapacitors with different concentration of sulfuric acid
2016 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon), 2016Co-Authors: Mohd Ferdaus Mohd Yaacob, Zulkarnain Ahmad Noorden, Jasrul Jamani JamianAbstract:The paper presents the electrochemical impedance behavior of recently introduced corrosive resistant material for supercapacitor's separator; Glass Wool under four different concentration of 0.5, 1, 5 and 18 mol/dm3 sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) electrolytes. Ultracapacitors with a pair of activated carbon sheets as the active electrodes and each electrolyte-containing Glass Wool as the separator were constructed in a custom-made two-electrode test cell. The electrochemical impedance was carried out within the frequency range of 1 mHz to 100 kHz. The impedance data were extracted into a typical Nyquist plot, complex capacitance and complex powers in order to thoroughly evaluate the supercapacitors performance in terms of their specific capacitance, associated resistances, relaxation time and power capacity. Appealingly, as compared to the lower concentrated electrolyte-based supercapacitor, the supercapacitor with 18 mol/dm3 H 2 SO 4 electrolyte has outperformed others with 18% increment of specific capacitance, 57% enhancement of relaxation time and 63% reduction of internal series resistance. Overall, the electrochemical impedance behavior of the Glass Wool-based supercapacitors approach closely to an ideal capacitive characteristic under various H 2 SO 4 concentration, indicating its high potential to be applied in higher performance supercapacitor construction.
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Charge-discharge cyclability of ultracapacitor with Glass Wool separator under high concentrated sulfuric acid
2016 IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy (PECon), 2016Co-Authors: Mohd Ferdaus Mohd Yaacob, Zulkarnain Ahmad Noorden, Jasrul Jamani JamianAbstract:The paper evaluates the charge-discharge cyclability of ultracapacitor with Glass Wool separator under various concentration of aqueous sulfuric acid (H2SO4) electrolytes. For lower concentrated electrolyte of 1 mol/dm3 H2SO4, the performance was compared to an ultracapacitor with conventional cellulose separator. Two-electrode ultracapacitors were constructed by sandwiching two activated carbon electrodes with each electrolyte-containing separator material. The cyclability test was performed with constant charge-discharge current of 10 mA for up to 300 cycles. Prior to the cyclability test, the constructed ultracapacitors were evaluated based on cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic tests. The Glass Wool-based capacitor has performed comparably to the conventional cellulose-based capacitor in terms of its specific capacitance and internal resistance for up to 300 cycles. Interestingly, in a higher concentrated electrolyte of 18 mol/dm3 H2SO4, the specific capacitance of the Glass Wool-based ultracapacitor is 40% greater than of 1 mol/dm3 H2SO4 electrolyte. It is envisaged that by applying the Glass Wool as the separator coupled, with high concentration aqueous electrolyte may lead to higher rating ultracapacitor at relatively lower cost as compared to an organic electrolyte-based ultracapacitor.