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Liu Hong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist and sirna prevent senescence of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro
    Cell and Tissue Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: Na Wei, Vijaya B Joshi, Thomas J Schmidt, Fang Qian, Aliasger K Salem, Clark M Stanford, Liu Hong
    Abstract:

    We investigate the effects mediated by Glucocorticoid (GC) Receptor (GR) blockage by using RU486, a GR Antagonist and GR short interfering RNA (GR siRNA) on the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and on their senescence and antioxidant levels during extended in vitro culture. Treatment with either RU486 or GR siRNA for a 7-day period significantly increased the proliferation of MSCs and their osteogenic capabilities, as reflected by an increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels after differentiation. Following 4 weeks of treatment, MSCs improved or maintained their proliferation rates, whereas control MSCs exhibited decreased proliferation. Although all MSCs exhibited reduced osteogenic potential after 4 weeks of in vitro culture, the MSCs treated with GR inhibitors showed higher ALP levels than untreated MSCs on being subjected to osteogenic differentiation. Such treatment also significantly down-regulated the adipogenic capabilities of MSCs. Telomere lengths and the activities of telomerase and superoxide dismutase of MSCs treated with either RU486 or GR siRNA appeared to be higher than those detected in controls. These results demonstrate that the blockage of effects mediated by the GCs normally found in fetal bovine serum might postpone senescence of these cells by up-regulating their antioxidant levels. Our data suggest that the blocking of the effects mediated by GCs might extend the lifespan of endogenous MSCs in patients who have elevated GC levels as a consequence of advancing age or estrogen depletion.

  • effects of Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ru486 on the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in ovariectomized rats
    Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: Na Wei, Thomas J Schmidt, Clark M Stanford, Liu Hong
    Abstract:

    Glucocorticoids (GCs) potentially regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and premature senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). In the present study we investigated the effects mediated by endogenous GCs and the effects of an Antagonist of the Glucocorticoid Receptor, RU486, on the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of MSCs using an ovariectomized (OVX) animal model. Following ovariectomy and a decrease in systemic estradiol levels, the serum concentration of corticosterone is significantly increased in OVX rats. Compared to sham-operated controls, the total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum of OVX rats and the proliferation of their MSCs are significantly reduced. Furthermore, the osteogenic differentiation capabilities of OVX rat MSCs are significantly decreased, while adipogenic capabilities tend to increase. Subcutaneous administration of RU486 effectively increases the population and proliferative capacity of the MSCs in OVX rats. RU486 treatment also improves osteogenic capabilities and down-regulates adipogenic capabilities of MSCs. These results strongly indicate that the elevated levels of endogenous GCs induced by estrogen depletion might accelerate the premature senescence of MSCs and reduce their proliferative and osteogenic differentiation capabilities, while the blockage of the effects of endogenous GCs may restore their capabilities. These responses could potentially be developed to protect the capabilities of MSCs from oxidative stress-induced premature senescence and extend their lifespan in patients with advancing age and estrogen depletion.

Na Wei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist and sirna prevent senescence of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro
    Cell and Tissue Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: Na Wei, Vijaya B Joshi, Thomas J Schmidt, Fang Qian, Aliasger K Salem, Clark M Stanford, Liu Hong
    Abstract:

    We investigate the effects mediated by Glucocorticoid (GC) Receptor (GR) blockage by using RU486, a GR Antagonist and GR short interfering RNA (GR siRNA) on the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and on their senescence and antioxidant levels during extended in vitro culture. Treatment with either RU486 or GR siRNA for a 7-day period significantly increased the proliferation of MSCs and their osteogenic capabilities, as reflected by an increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels after differentiation. Following 4 weeks of treatment, MSCs improved or maintained their proliferation rates, whereas control MSCs exhibited decreased proliferation. Although all MSCs exhibited reduced osteogenic potential after 4 weeks of in vitro culture, the MSCs treated with GR inhibitors showed higher ALP levels than untreated MSCs on being subjected to osteogenic differentiation. Such treatment also significantly down-regulated the adipogenic capabilities of MSCs. Telomere lengths and the activities of telomerase and superoxide dismutase of MSCs treated with either RU486 or GR siRNA appeared to be higher than those detected in controls. These results demonstrate that the blockage of effects mediated by the GCs normally found in fetal bovine serum might postpone senescence of these cells by up-regulating their antioxidant levels. Our data suggest that the blocking of the effects mediated by GCs might extend the lifespan of endogenous MSCs in patients who have elevated GC levels as a consequence of advancing age or estrogen depletion.

  • effects of Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ru486 on the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in ovariectomized rats
    Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: Na Wei, Thomas J Schmidt, Clark M Stanford, Liu Hong
    Abstract:

    Glucocorticoids (GCs) potentially regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and premature senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). In the present study we investigated the effects mediated by endogenous GCs and the effects of an Antagonist of the Glucocorticoid Receptor, RU486, on the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of MSCs using an ovariectomized (OVX) animal model. Following ovariectomy and a decrease in systemic estradiol levels, the serum concentration of corticosterone is significantly increased in OVX rats. Compared to sham-operated controls, the total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum of OVX rats and the proliferation of their MSCs are significantly reduced. Furthermore, the osteogenic differentiation capabilities of OVX rat MSCs are significantly decreased, while adipogenic capabilities tend to increase. Subcutaneous administration of RU486 effectively increases the population and proliferative capacity of the MSCs in OVX rats. RU486 treatment also improves osteogenic capabilities and down-regulates adipogenic capabilities of MSCs. These results strongly indicate that the elevated levels of endogenous GCs induced by estrogen depletion might accelerate the premature senescence of MSCs and reduce their proliferative and osteogenic differentiation capabilities, while the blockage of the effects of endogenous GCs may restore their capabilities. These responses could potentially be developed to protect the capabilities of MSCs from oxidative stress-induced premature senescence and extend their lifespan in patients with advancing age and estrogen depletion.

Thomas J Schmidt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist and sirna prevent senescence of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro
    Cell and Tissue Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: Na Wei, Vijaya B Joshi, Thomas J Schmidt, Fang Qian, Aliasger K Salem, Clark M Stanford, Liu Hong
    Abstract:

    We investigate the effects mediated by Glucocorticoid (GC) Receptor (GR) blockage by using RU486, a GR Antagonist and GR short interfering RNA (GR siRNA) on the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and on their senescence and antioxidant levels during extended in vitro culture. Treatment with either RU486 or GR siRNA for a 7-day period significantly increased the proliferation of MSCs and their osteogenic capabilities, as reflected by an increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels after differentiation. Following 4 weeks of treatment, MSCs improved or maintained their proliferation rates, whereas control MSCs exhibited decreased proliferation. Although all MSCs exhibited reduced osteogenic potential after 4 weeks of in vitro culture, the MSCs treated with GR inhibitors showed higher ALP levels than untreated MSCs on being subjected to osteogenic differentiation. Such treatment also significantly down-regulated the adipogenic capabilities of MSCs. Telomere lengths and the activities of telomerase and superoxide dismutase of MSCs treated with either RU486 or GR siRNA appeared to be higher than those detected in controls. These results demonstrate that the blockage of effects mediated by the GCs normally found in fetal bovine serum might postpone senescence of these cells by up-regulating their antioxidant levels. Our data suggest that the blocking of the effects mediated by GCs might extend the lifespan of endogenous MSCs in patients who have elevated GC levels as a consequence of advancing age or estrogen depletion.

  • effects of Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ru486 on the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in ovariectomized rats
    Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: Na Wei, Thomas J Schmidt, Clark M Stanford, Liu Hong
    Abstract:

    Glucocorticoids (GCs) potentially regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and premature senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). In the present study we investigated the effects mediated by endogenous GCs and the effects of an Antagonist of the Glucocorticoid Receptor, RU486, on the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of MSCs using an ovariectomized (OVX) animal model. Following ovariectomy and a decrease in systemic estradiol levels, the serum concentration of corticosterone is significantly increased in OVX rats. Compared to sham-operated controls, the total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum of OVX rats and the proliferation of their MSCs are significantly reduced. Furthermore, the osteogenic differentiation capabilities of OVX rat MSCs are significantly decreased, while adipogenic capabilities tend to increase. Subcutaneous administration of RU486 effectively increases the population and proliferative capacity of the MSCs in OVX rats. RU486 treatment also improves osteogenic capabilities and down-regulates adipogenic capabilities of MSCs. These results strongly indicate that the elevated levels of endogenous GCs induced by estrogen depletion might accelerate the premature senescence of MSCs and reduce their proliferative and osteogenic differentiation capabilities, while the blockage of the effects of endogenous GCs may restore their capabilities. These responses could potentially be developed to protect the capabilities of MSCs from oxidative stress-induced premature senescence and extend their lifespan in patients with advancing age and estrogen depletion.

Clark M Stanford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist and sirna prevent senescence of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro
    Cell and Tissue Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: Na Wei, Vijaya B Joshi, Thomas J Schmidt, Fang Qian, Aliasger K Salem, Clark M Stanford, Liu Hong
    Abstract:

    We investigate the effects mediated by Glucocorticoid (GC) Receptor (GR) blockage by using RU486, a GR Antagonist and GR short interfering RNA (GR siRNA) on the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) and on their senescence and antioxidant levels during extended in vitro culture. Treatment with either RU486 or GR siRNA for a 7-day period significantly increased the proliferation of MSCs and their osteogenic capabilities, as reflected by an increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels after differentiation. Following 4 weeks of treatment, MSCs improved or maintained their proliferation rates, whereas control MSCs exhibited decreased proliferation. Although all MSCs exhibited reduced osteogenic potential after 4 weeks of in vitro culture, the MSCs treated with GR inhibitors showed higher ALP levels than untreated MSCs on being subjected to osteogenic differentiation. Such treatment also significantly down-regulated the adipogenic capabilities of MSCs. Telomere lengths and the activities of telomerase and superoxide dismutase of MSCs treated with either RU486 or GR siRNA appeared to be higher than those detected in controls. These results demonstrate that the blockage of effects mediated by the GCs normally found in fetal bovine serum might postpone senescence of these cells by up-regulating their antioxidant levels. Our data suggest that the blocking of the effects mediated by GCs might extend the lifespan of endogenous MSCs in patients who have elevated GC levels as a consequence of advancing age or estrogen depletion.

  • effects of Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist ru486 on the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in ovariectomized rats
    Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 2013
    Co-Authors: Na Wei, Thomas J Schmidt, Clark M Stanford, Liu Hong
    Abstract:

    Glucocorticoids (GCs) potentially regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and premature senescence of bone marrow mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). In the present study we investigated the effects mediated by endogenous GCs and the effects of an Antagonist of the Glucocorticoid Receptor, RU486, on the proliferative and differentiation capabilities of MSCs using an ovariectomized (OVX) animal model. Following ovariectomy and a decrease in systemic estradiol levels, the serum concentration of corticosterone is significantly increased in OVX rats. Compared to sham-operated controls, the total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum of OVX rats and the proliferation of their MSCs are significantly reduced. Furthermore, the osteogenic differentiation capabilities of OVX rat MSCs are significantly decreased, while adipogenic capabilities tend to increase. Subcutaneous administration of RU486 effectively increases the population and proliferative capacity of the MSCs in OVX rats. RU486 treatment also improves osteogenic capabilities and down-regulates adipogenic capabilities of MSCs. These results strongly indicate that the elevated levels of endogenous GCs induced by estrogen depletion might accelerate the premature senescence of MSCs and reduce their proliferative and osteogenic differentiation capabilities, while the blockage of the effects of endogenous GCs may restore their capabilities. These responses could potentially be developed to protect the capabilities of MSCs from oxidative stress-induced premature senescence and extend their lifespan in patients with advancing age and estrogen depletion.

Stafford L Lightman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist org 34850 on fast and delayed feedback of corticosterone release
    Journal of Endocrinology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Francesca Spiga, Mark Craighead, Louise R Harrison, S A Wood, Cliona P Macsweeney, Fiona Thomson, M Grassie, Stafford L Lightman
    Abstract:

    We investigated the effect of the Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) Antagonist Org 34850 on fast and delayed inhibition of corticosterone secretion in response to the synthetic Glucocorticoid methylprednisolone (MPL). Male rats were implanted with a catheter in the right jugular vein, for blood sampling and MPL administration, and with an s.c. cannula for Org 34850 administration. All experiments were conducted at the diurnal hormonal peak in the late afternoon. Rats were connected to an automated sampling system and blood samples were collected every 5 or 10 min. Org 34850 (10 mg/kg, s.c.) or vehicle (5% mulgofen in saline) was injected at 1630 h; 30 min later, rats received an injection of MPL (500 mg/rat, i.v.) or saline (0.1 ml/rat). We found that an acute administration of MPL rapidly decreased the basal corticosterone secretion and this effect was not prevented by acute pretreatment with Org 34850. However, blockade of GR with Org 34850 prevented delayed inhibition of MPL on corticosterone secretion measured between 4 and 12 h after MPL administration. Our data suggest an involvement of GR in modulating delayed, but not fast, inhibition induced by MPL on basal corticosterone secretion. Journal of Endocrinology (2008) 196, 323–330

  • effect of the Glucocorticoid Receptor Antagonist org 34850 on basal and stress induced corticosterone secretion
    Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Francesca Spiga, Mark Craighead, Louise R Harrison, S A Wood, Helen C Atkinson, Cliona P Macsweeney, Fiona Thomson, M Grassie, Stafford L Lightman
    Abstract:

    The activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is characterised both by an ultradian pulsatile pattern of Glucocorticoid secretion and an endogenous diurnal rhythm. Glucocorticoid feedback plays a major role in regulating HPA axis activity and this mechanism occurs via two different Receptors: mineralocorticoid (MR) and Glucocorticoid Receptors (GR). In the present study, the effects of both acute and subchronic treatment with the GR Antagonist Org 34850 on basal and stress-induced HPA axis activity in male rats were evaluated. To investigate the effect of Org 34850 on basal diurnal corticosterone rhythm over the 24-h cycle, an automated blood sampling system collected samples every 10 min. Acute injection of Org 34850 (10 mg/kg, s.c.) did not affect basal or stress-induced corticosterone secretion, but was able to antagonise the inhibitory effect of the Glucocorticoid agonist methylprednisolone on stress-induced corticosterone secretion. However, 5 days of treatment with Org 34850 (10 mg/kg, s.c., two times a day), compared to rats treated with vehicle (5% mulgofen in 0.9% saline, 1 ml/kg, s.c.), increased corticosterone secretion over the 24-h cycle and resulted in changes in the pulsatile pattern of hormone release, but had no significant effect on adrenocorticotrophic hormone secretion or on stress-induced corticosterone secretion. Subchronic treatment with Org 34850 did not alter GR mRNA expression in the hippocampus, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus or anterior-pituitary, or MR mRNA expression in the hippocampus. Our data suggest that a prolonged blockade of GRs is required to increase basal HPA axis activity. The changes observed here with ORG 34850 are consistent with inhibition of GR-mediated negative feedback of the HPA axis. In light of the evidence showing an involvement of dysfunctional HPA axis in the pathophysiology of depression, Org 34850 could be a potential treatment for mood disorders.