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Helene Roche - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bioaccumulation and the effects of organochlorine pesticides pah and heavy metals in the eel anguilla anguilla at the camargue nature reserve france
Aquatic Toxicology, 2005Co-Authors: C Oliveira A Ribeiro, Y Vollaire, Alejandro Sanchezchardi, Helene RocheAbstract:Abstract Pesticides (organochlorines—OC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and heavy metals are toxic to fish and may be taken in through gills, skin and contaminated foods. Here we measure concentrations of OC, PAH and heavy metals, and their effects in the eel Anguilla anguilla from three locations in the Camargue Reserve in southern France. The Camargue Biosphere Reserve is the largest coastal wetland in Western Europe, and A. anguilla is a common predator at the top of the food chain. Livers and spleens were analyzed for histopathological, chemical and organo-somatic (HSI and SSI) effects. Gill, liver and spleen samples were collected for histopathological studies. Livers and muscles were sampled for metabolic parameters and persistent organic pollutant Analysis. Total lipids were estimated by spectrophotometry and lipid-free residues were used in protein and Glycogen Analysis. OC pesticides were extracted from lipids of muscles and livers, analyzed by gas chromatography, and PAH from bile were analyzed by fixed wavelength fluorescence spectrofluorimetry. Heavy metals were measured by inductively coupled plasma with optical or with mass spectrometers. High concentrations of contaminants were found in eel tissues. La Capeliere had the greatest OC and PAH concentrations; unexpected lesions in gills, livers and spleens were more common at the other sites. Liver and spleen tumors and lipidosis in livers were associated with chronic, and gill lesions with acute exposure. High pesticide and PAH concentrations and lesions in eels from the Camargue reserve demonstrate the contamination of the area. A more complete study in the Camargue reserve is necessary to better understand the impact on wildlife and humans. Also, this study suggests that eel biology must be better understood before continued use of this species as a biomonitor of polluted areas.
Tiago Manuel Fernandes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Proteomic Analysis of Biomphalaria glabrata infected with Schistosoma mansoni and Angiostrongylus cantonensis
[s.n.], 2020Co-Authors: Tiago Manuel FernandesAbstract:Orientadores: Silmara Marques Allegretti, Fernanda Janku CabralTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de BiologiaResumo: No Brasil, Biomphalaria glabrata é o principal hospedeiro intermediário responsável pela transmissão de Schistosoma mansoni. Angiostrongylus cantonensis é a principal causa de meningite eosinofílica humana, sendo também capaz de infectar B glabrata. Considerando que ambos parasitas são capazes de infectar o mesmo hospedeiro invertebrado, o propósito deste trabalho foi caracterizar as alterações proteômicas, metabólicas e imunológicas em Biomphalaria glabrata 24h e 45 dias após a infecção (pi) por estes parasitas. Com este objetivo, foram extraídas proteínas de moluscos (24h pi) usando tampão Tris-Uréia que posteriormente foram digeridas com tripsina. Os espectros protéicos foram adquiridos utilizando um espectrômetro de massa Thermo LTQ Orbitrap Velos e analisados com auxílio dos softwares MaxQuant e Perseus. A hemolinfa dos caramujos foi coletada 24 h e 45 dias após a infecção, os hemócitos foram contados em câmara de Neubauer e os níveis de uréia, ácido úrico, oxido nítrico (NO), cálcio, glicogênio e atividade de aspartato e alanina aminotransferases (AST e ALT, respetivamente) foram medidos. Os caramujos também foram dissecados e os níveis de glicogênio da região cefalopodal e do complexo gonodal ¿ glândula digestiva foram quantificados. Durante a infecção por A. cantonensis observamos um aumento significativo dos hemócitos e granulócitos e também observamos um aumento na expressão de proteínas de hemoglobina tipo 2. Proteínas hemoglobina tipo 1 e 2, globina-like e com domínio globina foram encontradas com expressão aumentada 1.024 a 5,588 vezes em moluscos infectados com S. mansoni, além disso, o número de hemócitos circulantes foi significativamente maior 24 h pi comparando com o grupo controle. No entanto não foi encontrada diferença significativa no número de hemócitos circulantes na hemolinfa 45 dias pi. Níveis de NO se encontravam mais elevados em todos os caramujos infectados (24 h e 45 dias pi). Diversas proteínas associadas com vias relacionadas ao metabolismo energético apresentaram expressão aumentada durante a infecção por ambos os parasitas sendo também detectada uma redução na concentração de glicogênio na região cefalopodal e principalmente no complexo gonodal ¿ glândula digestiva. Em caramujos infectados com S. mansoni, foram encontradas diversas proteínas de potencial imune com expressão aumentada (como actina citoplasmática), contudo também encontramos proteínas imunes com expressão diminuida, como a biomphalisina, sugerindo que o parasita, de alguma forma, é capaz de modular a resposta imune de B. glabrata. Em caramujos infectados com A. cantonensis, diversas proteínas estruturais (como a cadeia pesada de miosina dos músculos estriados) tiveram expressão alterada, sugerindo perda de tecido. Em ambas as situações de infecção pelos parasitas, foi encontrada expressão aumentada da proteína LOC106059779 com domínio ADAM/reprolisina, cujo aumento de expressão pode ser, em parte, o que permite a mobilização do parasita pelos tecidos e o sucesso de infecçãoAbstract: In Brazil, Biomphalaria glabrata is the main intermediate host, responsible Schistosoma mansoni transmission. Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the main cause of human eosinophilic meningitis. Both parasites are capable of infecting B. glabrata. Understanding what happens inside the snail during infection would aid the development of better control strategies, therefore, our purpose was to characterize proteomic, metabolic and immunologic changes in Biomphalaria glabrata 24 h and 45 days after infection. For this purpose, proteins were extracted from snails (24 h after infection) with Tris-Urea buffer and digested with tripsin. Protein spectrums were obtained using a Thermo LTQ Orbitrap Velos and analized with MaxQuant and Perseus softwares. The hemolymph of five snails 24 h and 45 days after infection was collected, the number of hemocytes was counted in a Neubauer chamber and the levels of urea, uric acid, nitric oxide (NO), calcium, Glycogen and alanine and aspartate aminotransferases (ALT and AST, respectively) activities were assessed. The snails were also dissected and both the cephalopodal region and gonoda-digestive gland complex Glycogen content was measured. After infection with A. cantonensis, we observed a significant increase of hemocytes and granulocytes as well as an increase in haemoglobin type 2 proteins. Haemoglobin Type 1 and 2 and globin-like proteins were found upregulated in S. mansoni infected snail, also the number of circulating hemocytes was significantly higher after 24 hours of infection when compared with the uninfected control group, however no significant difference was found after 45 days, suggesting that hemocytes migrated to the infection place. NO levels (produced by hemocytes to fight infections) were higher both 24 h and 45 days after infection with both parasites. Several proteins related with energy pathways were found upregulated in all infected snails, also, Glycogen Analysis, showed a significant decrease in the Glycogen content, particularly in the gonad-digestive gland complex, which led to an increase in gluconeogenisis (characterized by an increase in urea and in AST and ALT activity). In S. mansoni infected snails, we found several upregulated proteins, that seem to be associated with immune response (such as cytoplasmic-like actin or gelsolin-like 2), however, some were also downregulated, such as biomphalysin suggesting that the parasite, somehow, is able to modulate the snails immune response. In A. cantonensis infected snails, we found several proteins with structural function (such as myosin heavy chain ¿ striated muscle ¿ like and uncharacterized protein LOC106059779) which were differentially expressed, suggesting loss/damage of internal tissues, either caused by the parasite to migrate easier or as a consequence of the migration through the tissues. In both infection situations uncharacterized protein LOC106059779, with a peptidase M12B, ADAM/reprolisin domain, was found up regulated, this increase in expression may be, partially, what allows the parasites mobilization through the host tissues and the success of infectionDoutoradoRelações Antrópicas, Meio Ambiente e ParasitologiaDoutor em Biologia Animal2016/07137-0FAPESPCAPE
A Mason - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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state of the art methods for skeletal muscle Glycogen Analysis in athletes the need for novel non invasive techniques
Biosensors, 2017Co-Authors: Jacob Greene, Julien Louis, O Korostynska, A MasonAbstract:Muscle Glycogen levels have a profound impact on an athlete’s sporting performance, thus measurement is vital. Carbohydrate manipulation is a fundamental component in an athlete’s lifestyle and is a critical part of elite performance, since it can provide necessary training adaptations. This paper provides a critical review of the current invasive and non-invasive methods for measuring skeletal muscle Glycogen levels. These include the gold standard muscle biopsy, histochemical Analysis, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and musculoskeletal high frequency ultrasound, as well as pursuing future application of electromagnetic sensors in the pursuit of portable non-invasive quantification of muscle Glycogen. This paper will be of interest to researchers who wish to understand the current and most appropriate techniques in measuring skeletal muscle Glycogen. This will have applications both in the lab and in the field by improving the accuracy of research protocols and following the physiological adaptations to exercise.
Allegretti, Silmara Marques - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Proteomic, metabolic and immunological changes in biomphalaria glabrata infected with schistosoma mansoni
'Elsevier BV', 2020Co-Authors: Fernandes Mendes, Tiago Manuel, Carrilho Emanuel, Fonseca Sieuve Afonso, Ana Julia Pinto, Galinaro, Carlos Alexandre, Cabral, Fernanda Janku, Allegretti, Silmara MarquesAbstract:Mansonic schistosomiasis is a neglected disease transmitted by Biomphalaria spp. snails. Understanding what happens inside the intermediate host is important to develop more efficient ways of reducing schistosomiasis prevalence. Our purpose was to characterize metabolic and immunological changes in Biomphalaria glabrata 24 h after exposure to Schistosoma mansoni. For this purpose, proteins were extracted from snails' whole tissue with Tris-Urea buffer and digested with tripsin. Mass spectrometry was performed and analyzed with MaxQuant and Perseus software. Also, the hemolymph of five snails 24 h post exposure was collected, and the numbers of hemocytes, levels of urea, uric acid, nitric oxide, calcium, Glycogen and alanine and aspartate aminotransferases activities were assessed. Snails were also dissected for measurement of Glycogen content in the cephalopodal region and gonoda-digestive gland complex. Globin domain proteins were found to be up-regulated: also the number of circulating hemocytes was significantly higher after 24 h of exposure to the parasite. NO levels were higher 24 h post exposure. Several proteins associated with energy metabolism were found to be up-regulated. Glycogen Analysis showed a significant decrease in the gonad-digestive gland complex Glycogen content. We found several proteins which seem to be associated with the host immune response, most of which were up-regulated, however some were down-regulated, which may represent an important clue in understanding B. glabrata - S. mansoni compatibility4913-1410491060COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP001; 17426132016/07137-0; 2017/07364-9; 2009/54040-
C Oliveira A Ribeiro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bioaccumulation and the effects of organochlorine pesticides pah and heavy metals in the eel anguilla anguilla at the camargue nature reserve france
Aquatic Toxicology, 2005Co-Authors: C Oliveira A Ribeiro, Y Vollaire, Alejandro Sanchezchardi, Helene RocheAbstract:Abstract Pesticides (organochlorines—OC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and heavy metals are toxic to fish and may be taken in through gills, skin and contaminated foods. Here we measure concentrations of OC, PAH and heavy metals, and their effects in the eel Anguilla anguilla from three locations in the Camargue Reserve in southern France. The Camargue Biosphere Reserve is the largest coastal wetland in Western Europe, and A. anguilla is a common predator at the top of the food chain. Livers and spleens were analyzed for histopathological, chemical and organo-somatic (HSI and SSI) effects. Gill, liver and spleen samples were collected for histopathological studies. Livers and muscles were sampled for metabolic parameters and persistent organic pollutant Analysis. Total lipids were estimated by spectrophotometry and lipid-free residues were used in protein and Glycogen Analysis. OC pesticides were extracted from lipids of muscles and livers, analyzed by gas chromatography, and PAH from bile were analyzed by fixed wavelength fluorescence spectrofluorimetry. Heavy metals were measured by inductively coupled plasma with optical or with mass spectrometers. High concentrations of contaminants were found in eel tissues. La Capeliere had the greatest OC and PAH concentrations; unexpected lesions in gills, livers and spleens were more common at the other sites. Liver and spleen tumors and lipidosis in livers were associated with chronic, and gill lesions with acute exposure. High pesticide and PAH concentrations and lesions in eels from the Camargue reserve demonstrate the contamination of the area. A more complete study in the Camargue reserve is necessary to better understand the impact on wildlife and humans. Also, this study suggests that eel biology must be better understood before continued use of this species as a biomonitor of polluted areas.