The Experts below are selected from a list of 300 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Timothy P. Craig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Indirect interaction webs on tall Goldenrod: community consequences of herbivore-induced phenotypes and genetic variation of plants
Journal of Plant Interactions, 2011Co-Authors: Takayuki Ohgushi, Shunsuke Utsumi, Yoshino Ando, Timothy P. CraigAbstract:Abstract Tall Goldenrod, Solidago altissima, was introduced from North America 100 years ago, and it has become widely distributed all over Japan. We have been investigating plant-based indirect interaction webs on the tall Goldenrod in Japan and the US. We found that arthropod communities on Japanese Goldenrods are organized via plant- and ant-mediated indirect effects caused by the dominant aphid, Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum, which came from the US in the early 1990s. The aphid also generated bottom-up cascading effects on temporally separated communities. Our results highlight the importance of herbivore-induced plant phenotypes in determining the structure of indirect interaction webs. We review our ongoing research that focuses on the effect of plant genotypic variation on the formation of indirect interaction webs. Our findings of the genotypic effects on aphid population dynamics and herbivore community composition provide a more complete understanding of the community consequences of plant genotyp...
-
Indirect interaction webs on tall Goldenrod: community consequences of herbivore-induced phenotypes and genetic variation of plants
Journal of Plant Interactions, 2011Co-Authors: Takayuki Ohgushi, Shunsuke Utsumi, Yoshino Ando, Timothy P. CraigAbstract:Tall Goldenrod, Solidago altissima, was introduced from North America 100 years ago, and it has become widely distributed all over Japan. We have been investigating plant-based indirect interaction webs on the tall Goldenrod in Japan and the US. We found that arthropod communities on Japanese Goldenrods are organized via plant- and ant-mediated indirect effects caused by the dominant aphid, Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum, which came from the US in the early 1990s. The aphid also generated bottom-up cascading effects on temporally separated communities. Our results highlight the importance of herbivore-induced plant phenotypes in determining the structure of indirect interaction webs. We review our ongoing research that focuses on the effect of plant genotypic variation on the formation of indirect interaction webs. Our findings of the genotypic effects on aphid population dynamics and herbivore community composition provide a more complete understanding of the community consequences of plant genotypic diversity, as well as herbivore-induced plant phenotypes
-
REVIEW ARTICLE Indirect interaction webs on tall Goldenrod: community consequences of herbivore-induced phenotypes and genetic variation of plants
2011Co-Authors: Takayuki Ohgushi, Shunsuke Utsumi, Yoshino Ando, Timothy P. CraigAbstract:Tall Goldenrod, Solidago altissima, was introduced from North America 100 years ago, and it has become widely distributed all over Japan. We have been investigating plant-based indirect interaction webs on the tall Goldenrod in Japan and the US. We found that arthropod communities on Japanese Goldenrods are organized via plant- and ant-mediated indirect effects caused by the dominant aphid, Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum, which came from the US in the early 1990s. The aphid also generated bottom-up cascading effects on temporally separated communities. Our results highlight the importance of herbivore-induced plant phenotypes in determining the structure of indirect interaction webs. We review our ongoing research that focuses on the effect of plant genotypic variation on the formation of indirect interaction webs. Our findings of the genotypic effects on aphid population dynamics and herbivore community composition provide a more complete understanding of the community consequences of plant genotypic diversity, as well as herbivore-induced plant phenotypes.
Bryan L. Stegelmeier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Experimental rayless Goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) toxicosis in horses
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology, 2013Co-Authors: T.z. Davis, Stephen T. Lee, Benedict T. Green, Bryan L. Stegelmeier, Jeffery O. HallAbstract:Rayless Goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) sporadically poisons horses and other livestock in the southwestern United States. Similar to livestock poisoning by white snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) in the midwestern United States, previous research suggests that benzofuran ketones (BFK: tremetone, dehydrotremetone, 6-hydroxytremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone) are responsible for the toxicity of rayless Goldenrod. However, experimental reproduction of rayless Goldenrod-induced disease and detailed descriptions of poisoning in horses with known concentrations of tremetone and other BFK has not been documented. In this study four horses were fed increasing amounts of rayless Goldenrod to obtain doses of approximately 0, 10, 30, and 60 mg BFK/kg BW for 14 days. After seven days of dosing the horse dosed with 60 mg BFK/kg BW horse developed depression, reluctance to eat, dehydration, trembling, and muscle fatigue. Biochemical alterations including increases in the serum enzyme activities of CK, AST, ALT, and LDH, and increased cardiac troponin I concentration, were also identified. Physiologically the clinically poisoned horse had decreased endurance seen as reluctance to perform on the treadmill with increased resting heart rate and a prolonged recovery of heart rate following treadmill exercise. The condition of the horse continued to decline and it was euthanized and necropsied on day 10. At necropsy the myocardium was pale and soft and many of the appendicular and large apical muscles were pale and moist. Histologically, the myocardium had extensive myocardial degeneration and necrosis with extensive fibrosis and multifocal mineralization. Several of the large appendicular muscles in this horse also had small foci of skeletal muscle degeneration and necrosis. Less severe myocardial changes were also identified in the horse dosed with 30 mg BFK/kg BW after 14 days of dosing. No clinical, biochemical or histologic changes were identified in the control horse and the horse dosed with 10 mg BFK/kg BW. These results suggest that doses of 60 mg BFK/kg BW for seven days produce extensive myocardial lesions in horses. The horse dosed with 30 mg BFK/kg BW developed less severe, but similar myocardial lesions over a longer duration, this suggests that poisoning may be cumulative and lower doses of longer duration are also toxic. Horses seem to be uniquely sensitive to rayless Goldenrod-induced myocardial disease, therefore cardiac troponin I may be a useful marker of rayless Goldenrod poisoning in horses. More work is needed to determine which BFK produce myocardial toxicity and better determine the effects of dose and duration on poisoning in horses.
-
Evaluation of Drying Methods and Toxicity of Rayless Goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) and White Snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) in Goats
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Stephen T. Lee, T. Zane Davis, Daniel Cook, Bryan L. StegelmeierAbstract:White snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod cause “trembles” and “milk sickness” in livestock and humans, respectively. The toxin in white snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod was identified in 1927 and 1930, respectively, as tremetol. It was reported that the toxin in white snakeroot disappears as it is dried and that completely dried plants were incapable of producing trembles or milk sickness. Conversely, it has been reported that the rayless Goldenrod toxin was not destroyed by drying and that the plant is toxic either fresh or dry. In this study the concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and structurally similar compounds were determined in white snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod before and after various drying conditions. Tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and structurally similar compounds in rayless Goldenrod and white snakeroot are most stable upon freeze-drying, followed by air-drying, and least stable upon oven-drying (60 °C). Also demonstrated is that tremetone is stable and that dried white snakeroot an...
-
Experimental Rayless Goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) Toxicosis in Goats
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians Inc, 2010Co-Authors: Bryan L. Stegelmeier, Stephen T. Lee, T. Zane Davis, Benedict T. Green, Jeffery O. HallAbstract:Rayless Goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) sporadically poisons livestock in the southwestern United States. Similarities with white snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) poisoning and nearly identical chemical analyses led early researchers to conclude that tremetol, a mixture of benzofuran ketones, is the rayless Goldenrod toxin. The toxicity of these ketone toxins have not been fully characterized nor are the pathogenesis and sequelae of poisoning completely understood. The objective of the current study was to characterize and describe the clinical and pathologic changes of rayless Goldenrod toxicity in goats. Fifteen goats were gavaged with rayless Goldenrod to obtain benzofuran ketone doses of 0, 10, 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg/day. After 7 treatment days, the goats were euthanized, necropsied, and tissues were processed for microscopic studies. After 5 or 6 days of treatment, the 40-mg/kg and 60-mg/kg goats were reluctant to move, stood with an erect stance, and became exercise intolerant. They had increased resting heart rate, prolonged recovery following exercise, and increased serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine kinase activities. All treated animals developed skeletal myopathy with dose-related distribution and severity. The goats dosed with 20 mg/kg and higher also developed myocardial degeneration and necrosis. Although skeletal myonecrosis was patchy and widely distributed, the quadriceps femoris was consistently damaged, even in low-dosed animals. Myocardial lesions were most severe in the papillary muscles of 60-mg/kg-dosed animals. This indicates that goats are highly susceptible to rayless Goldenrod poisoning, and that the characteristic lesion of poisoning is skeletal and cardiac myonecrosis.
-
quantitative method for the measurement of three benzofuran ketones in rayless Goldenrod isocoma pluriflora and white snakeroot ageratina altissima by high performance liquid chromatography hplc
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2009Co-Authors: Stephen T. Lee, Dale R. Gardner, Bryan L. Stegelmeier, Zane T Davis, Tim J. EvansAbstract:White snakeroot ( Ageratina altissima ) and rayless Goldenrod ( Isocoma pluriflora ) can cause "trembles" and "milk sickness" in livestock and humans, respectively. Tremetol, a complex mixture of sterols and derivatives of methyl ketone benzofuran has been extracted from white snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod and is reported to be the toxic substance in plant material. In this study, the three major benzofuran ketones, tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone, were isolated from rayless Goldenrod. Using these compounds as standards, a quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to measure these compounds in white snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod. Concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone were found to vary considerably among the different white snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod plant collections. Differences in concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone in white snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod plants may explain the historical sporadic and unpredictable toxicity of these plants to livestock and humans.
Takayuki Ohgushi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Indirect interaction webs on tall Goldenrod: community consequences of herbivore-induced phenotypes and genetic variation of plants
Journal of Plant Interactions, 2011Co-Authors: Takayuki Ohgushi, Shunsuke Utsumi, Yoshino Ando, Timothy P. CraigAbstract:Abstract Tall Goldenrod, Solidago altissima, was introduced from North America 100 years ago, and it has become widely distributed all over Japan. We have been investigating plant-based indirect interaction webs on the tall Goldenrod in Japan and the US. We found that arthropod communities on Japanese Goldenrods are organized via plant- and ant-mediated indirect effects caused by the dominant aphid, Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum, which came from the US in the early 1990s. The aphid also generated bottom-up cascading effects on temporally separated communities. Our results highlight the importance of herbivore-induced plant phenotypes in determining the structure of indirect interaction webs. We review our ongoing research that focuses on the effect of plant genotypic variation on the formation of indirect interaction webs. Our findings of the genotypic effects on aphid population dynamics and herbivore community composition provide a more complete understanding of the community consequences of plant genotyp...
-
Indirect interaction webs on tall Goldenrod: community consequences of herbivore-induced phenotypes and genetic variation of plants
Journal of Plant Interactions, 2011Co-Authors: Takayuki Ohgushi, Shunsuke Utsumi, Yoshino Ando, Timothy P. CraigAbstract:Tall Goldenrod, Solidago altissima, was introduced from North America 100 years ago, and it has become widely distributed all over Japan. We have been investigating plant-based indirect interaction webs on the tall Goldenrod in Japan and the US. We found that arthropod communities on Japanese Goldenrods are organized via plant- and ant-mediated indirect effects caused by the dominant aphid, Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum, which came from the US in the early 1990s. The aphid also generated bottom-up cascading effects on temporally separated communities. Our results highlight the importance of herbivore-induced plant phenotypes in determining the structure of indirect interaction webs. We review our ongoing research that focuses on the effect of plant genotypic variation on the formation of indirect interaction webs. Our findings of the genotypic effects on aphid population dynamics and herbivore community composition provide a more complete understanding of the community consequences of plant genotypic diversity, as well as herbivore-induced plant phenotypes
-
REVIEW ARTICLE Indirect interaction webs on tall Goldenrod: community consequences of herbivore-induced phenotypes and genetic variation of plants
2011Co-Authors: Takayuki Ohgushi, Shunsuke Utsumi, Yoshino Ando, Timothy P. CraigAbstract:Tall Goldenrod, Solidago altissima, was introduced from North America 100 years ago, and it has become widely distributed all over Japan. We have been investigating plant-based indirect interaction webs on the tall Goldenrod in Japan and the US. We found that arthropod communities on Japanese Goldenrods are organized via plant- and ant-mediated indirect effects caused by the dominant aphid, Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum, which came from the US in the early 1990s. The aphid also generated bottom-up cascading effects on temporally separated communities. Our results highlight the importance of herbivore-induced plant phenotypes in determining the structure of indirect interaction webs. We review our ongoing research that focuses on the effect of plant genotypic variation on the formation of indirect interaction webs. Our findings of the genotypic effects on aphid population dynamics and herbivore community composition provide a more complete understanding of the community consequences of plant genotypic diversity, as well as herbivore-induced plant phenotypes.
Stephen T. Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Experimental rayless Goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) toxicosis in horses
Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology, 2013Co-Authors: T.z. Davis, Stephen T. Lee, Benedict T. Green, Bryan L. Stegelmeier, Jeffery O. HallAbstract:Rayless Goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) sporadically poisons horses and other livestock in the southwestern United States. Similar to livestock poisoning by white snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) in the midwestern United States, previous research suggests that benzofuran ketones (BFK: tremetone, dehydrotremetone, 6-hydroxytremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone) are responsible for the toxicity of rayless Goldenrod. However, experimental reproduction of rayless Goldenrod-induced disease and detailed descriptions of poisoning in horses with known concentrations of tremetone and other BFK has not been documented. In this study four horses were fed increasing amounts of rayless Goldenrod to obtain doses of approximately 0, 10, 30, and 60 mg BFK/kg BW for 14 days. After seven days of dosing the horse dosed with 60 mg BFK/kg BW horse developed depression, reluctance to eat, dehydration, trembling, and muscle fatigue. Biochemical alterations including increases in the serum enzyme activities of CK, AST, ALT, and LDH, and increased cardiac troponin I concentration, were also identified. Physiologically the clinically poisoned horse had decreased endurance seen as reluctance to perform on the treadmill with increased resting heart rate and a prolonged recovery of heart rate following treadmill exercise. The condition of the horse continued to decline and it was euthanized and necropsied on day 10. At necropsy the myocardium was pale and soft and many of the appendicular and large apical muscles were pale and moist. Histologically, the myocardium had extensive myocardial degeneration and necrosis with extensive fibrosis and multifocal mineralization. Several of the large appendicular muscles in this horse also had small foci of skeletal muscle degeneration and necrosis. Less severe myocardial changes were also identified in the horse dosed with 30 mg BFK/kg BW after 14 days of dosing. No clinical, biochemical or histologic changes were identified in the control horse and the horse dosed with 10 mg BFK/kg BW. These results suggest that doses of 60 mg BFK/kg BW for seven days produce extensive myocardial lesions in horses. The horse dosed with 30 mg BFK/kg BW developed less severe, but similar myocardial lesions over a longer duration, this suggests that poisoning may be cumulative and lower doses of longer duration are also toxic. Horses seem to be uniquely sensitive to rayless Goldenrod-induced myocardial disease, therefore cardiac troponin I may be a useful marker of rayless Goldenrod poisoning in horses. More work is needed to determine which BFK produce myocardial toxicity and better determine the effects of dose and duration on poisoning in horses.
-
Evaluation of Drying Methods and Toxicity of Rayless Goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) and White Snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) in Goats
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2012Co-Authors: Stephen T. Lee, T. Zane Davis, Daniel Cook, Bryan L. StegelmeierAbstract:White snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod cause “trembles” and “milk sickness” in livestock and humans, respectively. The toxin in white snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod was identified in 1927 and 1930, respectively, as tremetol. It was reported that the toxin in white snakeroot disappears as it is dried and that completely dried plants were incapable of producing trembles or milk sickness. Conversely, it has been reported that the rayless Goldenrod toxin was not destroyed by drying and that the plant is toxic either fresh or dry. In this study the concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and structurally similar compounds were determined in white snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod before and after various drying conditions. Tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and structurally similar compounds in rayless Goldenrod and white snakeroot are most stable upon freeze-drying, followed by air-drying, and least stable upon oven-drying (60 °C). Also demonstrated is that tremetone is stable and that dried white snakeroot an...
-
Experimental Rayless Goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) Toxicosis in Goats
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians Inc, 2010Co-Authors: Bryan L. Stegelmeier, Stephen T. Lee, T. Zane Davis, Benedict T. Green, Jeffery O. HallAbstract:Rayless Goldenrod (Isocoma pluriflora) sporadically poisons livestock in the southwestern United States. Similarities with white snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) poisoning and nearly identical chemical analyses led early researchers to conclude that tremetol, a mixture of benzofuran ketones, is the rayless Goldenrod toxin. The toxicity of these ketone toxins have not been fully characterized nor are the pathogenesis and sequelae of poisoning completely understood. The objective of the current study was to characterize and describe the clinical and pathologic changes of rayless Goldenrod toxicity in goats. Fifteen goats were gavaged with rayless Goldenrod to obtain benzofuran ketone doses of 0, 10, 20, 40, and 60 mg/kg/day. After 7 treatment days, the goats were euthanized, necropsied, and tissues were processed for microscopic studies. After 5 or 6 days of treatment, the 40-mg/kg and 60-mg/kg goats were reluctant to move, stood with an erect stance, and became exercise intolerant. They had increased resting heart rate, prolonged recovery following exercise, and increased serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine kinase activities. All treated animals developed skeletal myopathy with dose-related distribution and severity. The goats dosed with 20 mg/kg and higher also developed myocardial degeneration and necrosis. Although skeletal myonecrosis was patchy and widely distributed, the quadriceps femoris was consistently damaged, even in low-dosed animals. Myocardial lesions were most severe in the papillary muscles of 60-mg/kg-dosed animals. This indicates that goats are highly susceptible to rayless Goldenrod poisoning, and that the characteristic lesion of poisoning is skeletal and cardiac myonecrosis.
-
quantitative method for the measurement of three benzofuran ketones in rayless Goldenrod isocoma pluriflora and white snakeroot ageratina altissima by high performance liquid chromatography hplc
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2009Co-Authors: Stephen T. Lee, Dale R. Gardner, Bryan L. Stegelmeier, Zane T Davis, Tim J. EvansAbstract:White snakeroot ( Ageratina altissima ) and rayless Goldenrod ( Isocoma pluriflora ) can cause "trembles" and "milk sickness" in livestock and humans, respectively. Tremetol, a complex mixture of sterols and derivatives of methyl ketone benzofuran has been extracted from white snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod and is reported to be the toxic substance in plant material. In this study, the three major benzofuran ketones, tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone, were isolated from rayless Goldenrod. Using these compounds as standards, a quantitative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to measure these compounds in white snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod. Concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone were found to vary considerably among the different white snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod plant collections. Differences in concentrations of tremetone, dehydrotremetone, and 3-oxyangeloyl-tremetone in white snakeroot and rayless Goldenrod plants may explain the historical sporadic and unpredictable toxicity of these plants to livestock and humans.
Yoshino Ando - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Plant-plant communication and community of herbivores on tall Goldenrod
2020Co-Authors: Kaori Shiojiri, Satomi Ishizaki, Yoshino AndoAbstract:1. The volatiles from damaged plants induce defense in neighboring plants. The phenomenon is called plant-plant communication, plant talk or plant eavesdropping. Plant-plant communication has been reported to be stronger between kin plants than genetically far plants in sagebrush. 2. Why do plants distinguish volatiles from kin or genetically far plants? We hypothesize that plants respond only to important conditions; the induced defense is not free of cost for the plant. To clarify the hypothesis, we conducted experiments and investigations using Goldenrod of 4 different genotypes. 3. The arthropods community on tall Goldenrods were different among 4 genotypes. The response to volatiles was stronger from genetically close plants to the emitter than from genetically distant plants from the emitter. The volatiles from each genotype of Goldenrods were different; and they were categorized accordingly. Moreover, the arthropod community on each genotype of Goldenrods were different. 4. Synthesis: Our results support the hypothesis: Goldenrods respond to volatiles from genetically close plants because they would have similar arthropod species. These results are important clues elucidating adaptive significance of plant-plant communication.
-
Indirect interaction webs on tall Goldenrod: community consequences of herbivore-induced phenotypes and genetic variation of plants
Journal of Plant Interactions, 2011Co-Authors: Takayuki Ohgushi, Shunsuke Utsumi, Yoshino Ando, Timothy P. CraigAbstract:Abstract Tall Goldenrod, Solidago altissima, was introduced from North America 100 years ago, and it has become widely distributed all over Japan. We have been investigating plant-based indirect interaction webs on the tall Goldenrod in Japan and the US. We found that arthropod communities on Japanese Goldenrods are organized via plant- and ant-mediated indirect effects caused by the dominant aphid, Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum, which came from the US in the early 1990s. The aphid also generated bottom-up cascading effects on temporally separated communities. Our results highlight the importance of herbivore-induced plant phenotypes in determining the structure of indirect interaction webs. We review our ongoing research that focuses on the effect of plant genotypic variation on the formation of indirect interaction webs. Our findings of the genotypic effects on aphid population dynamics and herbivore community composition provide a more complete understanding of the community consequences of plant genotyp...
-
Indirect interaction webs on tall Goldenrod: community consequences of herbivore-induced phenotypes and genetic variation of plants
Journal of Plant Interactions, 2011Co-Authors: Takayuki Ohgushi, Shunsuke Utsumi, Yoshino Ando, Timothy P. CraigAbstract:Tall Goldenrod, Solidago altissima, was introduced from North America 100 years ago, and it has become widely distributed all over Japan. We have been investigating plant-based indirect interaction webs on the tall Goldenrod in Japan and the US. We found that arthropod communities on Japanese Goldenrods are organized via plant- and ant-mediated indirect effects caused by the dominant aphid, Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum, which came from the US in the early 1990s. The aphid also generated bottom-up cascading effects on temporally separated communities. Our results highlight the importance of herbivore-induced plant phenotypes in determining the structure of indirect interaction webs. We review our ongoing research that focuses on the effect of plant genotypic variation on the formation of indirect interaction webs. Our findings of the genotypic effects on aphid population dynamics and herbivore community composition provide a more complete understanding of the community consequences of plant genotypic diversity, as well as herbivore-induced plant phenotypes
-
REVIEW ARTICLE Indirect interaction webs on tall Goldenrod: community consequences of herbivore-induced phenotypes and genetic variation of plants
2011Co-Authors: Takayuki Ohgushi, Shunsuke Utsumi, Yoshino Ando, Timothy P. CraigAbstract:Tall Goldenrod, Solidago altissima, was introduced from North America 100 years ago, and it has become widely distributed all over Japan. We have been investigating plant-based indirect interaction webs on the tall Goldenrod in Japan and the US. We found that arthropod communities on Japanese Goldenrods are organized via plant- and ant-mediated indirect effects caused by the dominant aphid, Uroleucon nigrotuberculatum, which came from the US in the early 1990s. The aphid also generated bottom-up cascading effects on temporally separated communities. Our results highlight the importance of herbivore-induced plant phenotypes in determining the structure of indirect interaction webs. We review our ongoing research that focuses on the effect of plant genotypic variation on the formation of indirect interaction webs. Our findings of the genotypic effects on aphid population dynamics and herbivore community composition provide a more complete understanding of the community consequences of plant genotypic diversity, as well as herbivore-induced plant phenotypes.