Gradual Depletion

14,000,000 Leading Edge Experts on the ideXlab platform

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

Scan Science and Technology

Contact Leading Edge Experts & Companies

The Experts below are selected from a list of 300 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Wei Pang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Toufic El Asmar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Sustainability in Agricultural Mechanization: Assessment of a Combined Photovoltaic and Electric Multipurpose System for Farmers
    Sustainability, 2009
    Co-Authors: Hossein Mousazadeh, Ugo Bardi, Alireza Keyhani, Hossein Mobli, Toufic El Asmar
    Abstract:

    This study is dedicated to the assessment of the possibility of replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy as a source of power in modern agriculture. We examined the use of a completely sustainable agricultural mechanization system based on a renewable energy system and a battery powered, multi-purpose agricultural vehicle. This assessment is based on the RAMseS project, financed by the European Commission under the 6th Framework Program, which has led to the actual manufacturing of the system, at present being tested in Lebanon. In the present study, we assess the environmental and economic performance of the RAMseS system. We evaluate the external costs by means of a specific model that takes into account the life-cycle cost (LCC), economical indexes, and life-cycle emissions for the vehicle during its life span. The results are compared with those of a standard vehicle based on the internal combustion engine (ICEV). The results show that the RAMseS system can avoid the emission of about 23 ton of CO2equ per year. The life cycle cost (LCC) assessment using MATLAB software shows that the LCC for the RAMseS vehicle and the ICEV are the same for a fuel unit price (pf) of 1.45 €/L. Finally, we show that almost 52 % of the RAMseS LCC is due to the batteries of the electric vehicle. A 50% decrease in batteries unit cost would cause the LCC of two system to be the same at a fuel cost of 0.8 €/L. The final result is that the RAMseS system remains—at present— marginally more expensive than an equivalent system based on conventional fuels and internal combustion engines. Nevertheless, with the Gradual Depletion of fossil fuels, all electric agricultural mechanized system provide an alternative solution that is dependent only on renewable energy and recyclable resources.

Martin I. Voskuil - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • In Vitro Models That Utilize Hypoxia to Induce Non-replicating Persistence in Mycobacteria
    Methods in molecular biology (Clifton N.J.), 2015
    Co-Authors: Charles D. Sohaskey, Martin I. Voskuil
    Abstract:

    The Wayne model and Rapid Anaerobic Dormancy model are widely used methods to analyze the response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to hypoxia and anaerobiosis. In these models tubercle bacilli are grown in sealed tubes in which bacilli aerobic respiration produces a temporal oxygen gradient. The Gradual Depletion of oxygen results in a non-replicating persistent culture capable of extended microaerobic and anaerobic survival. Here we describe both models used to induce hypoxic non-replicating persistence in M. tuberculosis. Additional techniques such as the isolation of RNA, the detection of nitrate reductase activity and ATP levels, and the determination of the NAD(+)/NADH ratio are described.

Ming-xu Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Hossein Mousazadeh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Sustainability in Agricultural Mechanization: Assessment of a Combined Photovoltaic and Electric Multipurpose System for Farmers
    Sustainability, 2009
    Co-Authors: Hossein Mousazadeh, Ugo Bardi, Alireza Keyhani, Hossein Mobli, Toufic El Asmar
    Abstract:

    This study is dedicated to the assessment of the possibility of replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy as a source of power in modern agriculture. We examined the use of a completely sustainable agricultural mechanization system based on a renewable energy system and a battery powered, multi-purpose agricultural vehicle. This assessment is based on the RAMseS project, financed by the European Commission under the 6th Framework Program, which has led to the actual manufacturing of the system, at present being tested in Lebanon. In the present study, we assess the environmental and economic performance of the RAMseS system. We evaluate the external costs by means of a specific model that takes into account the life-cycle cost (LCC), economical indexes, and life-cycle emissions for the vehicle during its life span. The results are compared with those of a standard vehicle based on the internal combustion engine (ICEV). The results show that the RAMseS system can avoid the emission of about 23 ton of CO2equ per year. The life cycle cost (LCC) assessment using MATLAB software shows that the LCC for the RAMseS vehicle and the ICEV are the same for a fuel unit price (pf) of 1.45 €/L. Finally, we show that almost 52 % of the RAMseS LCC is due to the batteries of the electric vehicle. A 50% decrease in batteries unit cost would cause the LCC of two system to be the same at a fuel cost of 0.8 €/L. The final result is that the RAMseS system remains—at present— marginally more expensive than an equivalent system based on conventional fuels and internal combustion engines. Nevertheless, with the Gradual Depletion of fossil fuels, all electric agricultural mechanized system provide an alternative solution that is dependent only on renewable energy and recyclable resources.

Gradual Depletion - 15 days free trial to Access Experts & Abstracts