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Philippe Gevaert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the response to nasal allergen provocation with grass pollen is reduced in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis and grass sensitization
Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2016Co-Authors: Lien Calus, Lien Devuyst, Van Zele T, De Ruyck N, Lara Derycke, Claus Bachert, Philippe GevaertAbstract:Background: The majority of grass pollen–sensitized rhinitis patients develops allergic symptoms when exposed to the causal allergen and shows a positive nasal allergen provocation test (NAPT). Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) patients, also characterized by eosinophilic inflammation and local IgE production, can suffer from comorbid inhalant allergy, but may show a different response to allergens. Objective: We aimed to explore the allergic response to grass pollen allergens by NAPT in grass pollen–sensitized CRSwNP patients. Methods: Twelve grass pollen–sensitized CRSwNP patients underwent NAPT with grass pollen and were compared with 12 grass pollen allergic rhinitis patients, 12 control patients and 12 CRSwNP patients without grass pollen sensitization. A positive NAPT was based on change in nasal airflow and symptoms. Further, VAS scores of different symptoms were noted before and after NAPT. Biomarkers such as total IgE, grass pollen–specific IgE and tryptase were measured in serum and nasal secretions. Results: NAPT was positive in 6 of 12 of the grass pollen–sensitized CRSwNP patients, and another four patients developed allergic symptoms not fulfilling the criteria of positivity. In contrast, all patients with allergic rhinitis developed a positive provocation test, whereas in the control group one of the patients and in the non-sensitized CRSwNP group two of the patients developed a positive provocation test. Conclusion and clinical relevance: These results show that allergen exposure induces an attenuated clinical response in patients with CRSwNP and sensitization to grass pollen as compared with grass pollen allergic rhinitis patients.
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nasal allergen provocation test in nasal polyposis with and without allergy
Clinical and Translational Allergy, 2013Co-Authors: Lien Calus, Lien Devuyst, Claus Bachert, Natalie De Ruyck, Thibaut Van Zele, Philippe GevaertAbstract:Methods Four groups of patients (n=48) underwent nasal allergen provocation test for grass pollen. We included 12 patients with allergic rhinitis based on grass allergy, 12 patients with CRSwNP without grass allergy, 12 patients with CRSwNP with grass allergy, and 12 control patients. The diagnosis of grass allergy was based on skin prick test and RAST. The test was positive based on change in nasal airflow measured by active anterior rhinomanometry and symptoms. In annex, VAS scores were performed before and after NAPT.
Claus Bachert - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the response to nasal allergen provocation with grass pollen is reduced in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis and grass sensitization
Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2016Co-Authors: Lien Calus, Lien Devuyst, Van Zele T, De Ruyck N, Lara Derycke, Claus Bachert, Philippe GevaertAbstract:Background: The majority of grass pollen–sensitized rhinitis patients develops allergic symptoms when exposed to the causal allergen and shows a positive nasal allergen provocation test (NAPT). Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) patients, also characterized by eosinophilic inflammation and local IgE production, can suffer from comorbid inhalant allergy, but may show a different response to allergens. Objective: We aimed to explore the allergic response to grass pollen allergens by NAPT in grass pollen–sensitized CRSwNP patients. Methods: Twelve grass pollen–sensitized CRSwNP patients underwent NAPT with grass pollen and were compared with 12 grass pollen allergic rhinitis patients, 12 control patients and 12 CRSwNP patients without grass pollen sensitization. A positive NAPT was based on change in nasal airflow and symptoms. Further, VAS scores of different symptoms were noted before and after NAPT. Biomarkers such as total IgE, grass pollen–specific IgE and tryptase were measured in serum and nasal secretions. Results: NAPT was positive in 6 of 12 of the grass pollen–sensitized CRSwNP patients, and another four patients developed allergic symptoms not fulfilling the criteria of positivity. In contrast, all patients with allergic rhinitis developed a positive provocation test, whereas in the control group one of the patients and in the non-sensitized CRSwNP group two of the patients developed a positive provocation test. Conclusion and clinical relevance: These results show that allergen exposure induces an attenuated clinical response in patients with CRSwNP and sensitization to grass pollen as compared with grass pollen allergic rhinitis patients.
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nasal allergen provocation test in nasal polyposis with and without allergy
Clinical and Translational Allergy, 2013Co-Authors: Lien Calus, Lien Devuyst, Claus Bachert, Natalie De Ruyck, Thibaut Van Zele, Philippe GevaertAbstract:Methods Four groups of patients (n=48) underwent nasal allergen provocation test for grass pollen. We included 12 patients with allergic rhinitis based on grass allergy, 12 patients with CRSwNP without grass allergy, 12 patients with CRSwNP with grass allergy, and 12 control patients. The diagnosis of grass allergy was based on skin prick test and RAST. The test was positive based on change in nasal airflow measured by active anterior rhinomanometry and symptoms. In annex, VAS scores were performed before and after NAPT.
Lien Calus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the response to nasal allergen provocation with grass pollen is reduced in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis and grass sensitization
Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2016Co-Authors: Lien Calus, Lien Devuyst, Van Zele T, De Ruyck N, Lara Derycke, Claus Bachert, Philippe GevaertAbstract:Background: The majority of grass pollen–sensitized rhinitis patients develops allergic symptoms when exposed to the causal allergen and shows a positive nasal allergen provocation test (NAPT). Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) patients, also characterized by eosinophilic inflammation and local IgE production, can suffer from comorbid inhalant allergy, but may show a different response to allergens. Objective: We aimed to explore the allergic response to grass pollen allergens by NAPT in grass pollen–sensitized CRSwNP patients. Methods: Twelve grass pollen–sensitized CRSwNP patients underwent NAPT with grass pollen and were compared with 12 grass pollen allergic rhinitis patients, 12 control patients and 12 CRSwNP patients without grass pollen sensitization. A positive NAPT was based on change in nasal airflow and symptoms. Further, VAS scores of different symptoms were noted before and after NAPT. Biomarkers such as total IgE, grass pollen–specific IgE and tryptase were measured in serum and nasal secretions. Results: NAPT was positive in 6 of 12 of the grass pollen–sensitized CRSwNP patients, and another four patients developed allergic symptoms not fulfilling the criteria of positivity. In contrast, all patients with allergic rhinitis developed a positive provocation test, whereas in the control group one of the patients and in the non-sensitized CRSwNP group two of the patients developed a positive provocation test. Conclusion and clinical relevance: These results show that allergen exposure induces an attenuated clinical response in patients with CRSwNP and sensitization to grass pollen as compared with grass pollen allergic rhinitis patients.
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nasal allergen provocation test in nasal polyposis with and without allergy
Clinical and Translational Allergy, 2013Co-Authors: Lien Calus, Lien Devuyst, Claus Bachert, Natalie De Ruyck, Thibaut Van Zele, Philippe GevaertAbstract:Methods Four groups of patients (n=48) underwent nasal allergen provocation test for grass pollen. We included 12 patients with allergic rhinitis based on grass allergy, 12 patients with CRSwNP without grass allergy, 12 patients with CRSwNP with grass allergy, and 12 control patients. The diagnosis of grass allergy was based on skin prick test and RAST. The test was positive based on change in nasal airflow measured by active anterior rhinomanometry and symptoms. In annex, VAS scores were performed before and after NAPT.
Craig Hardner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of tree density on competition between leucaena leucocephala and chloris gayana using a nelder wheel trial ii belowground interactions
Crop & Pasture Science, 2018Co-Authors: Nahuel A A Pachas, Max H Shelton, Christopher J Lambrides, John G Murtagh, Scott A. Dalzell, Craig HardnerAbstract:Silvopastoral systems with the tree legume leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit) and grass pastures are widely used for ruminant feeding in subtropical and tropical regions. Different densities and planting configurations of leucaena will influence relative yields of both species because of intra- and interspecific competition. With the aim to describe the effects of competition between leucaena and Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth), a Nelder Wheel trial with 10 different leucaena tree densities (100–80 000 trees ha–1) growing with and without Rhodes grass was established in a subtropical environment at Gatton, south-east Queensland, in November 2013. From 2014 to 2016, the biomass of leucaena (six harvests) and Rhodes grass (seven harvests) was measured by using allometric equations and the BOTANAL sampling procedure over 742 and 721 days, respectively. No complementary or facilitative aboveground interactions were observed between the leucaena and Rhodes grass components of the pasture system. Increasing leucaena tree density resulted in greater aboveground intra- and interspecific competition. Average maximum individual tree yield (38.9 kg DM tree–1 year–1) was reached at 100 trees ha–1 without grass competition and was reduced by 60% with grass competition. Rhodes grass biomass yield was negatively affected by shading from the leucaena canopy, with negligible grass yield at tree densities ≥8618 trees ha–1. Therefore, there was effectively no grass competition on individual tree yield at higher leucaena densities. Accordingly, edible leucaena biomass per unit area was positively related to log10 leucaena density (R2 = 0.99) regardless of grass competition, reaching 21.7 t DM ha–1 year–1 (2014–15) and 27 t DM ha–1 year–1 (2015–16) at the highest leucaena density of 80 000 trees ha–1. By contrast, the yield of Rhodes grass was linearly and inversely correlated with log10 tree density (R2 = 0.99). Practical implications for the design and management of commercial leucaena–grass pastures are discussed.
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effect of tree density on competition between leucaena leucocephala and chloris gayana using a nelder wheel trial ii belowground interactions
Crop & Pasture Science, 2018Co-Authors: Nahuel A A Pachas, Max H Shelton, Christopher J Lambrides, John G Murtagh, Scott A. Dalzell, Craig HardnerAbstract:Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit subsp. glabrata (Rose) Zarate) in combination with grass pasture is one of the most persistent, productive and sustainable grazing systems used in Queensland, Australia. Nevertheless, a better understanding of the competitive interactions that determine the proportions of leucaena and grass components is needed to optimise the design and management of the hedgerow pasture system. In a water-limited environment, belowground interactions between species are especially influential. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of leucaena plant density and Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana Kunth) competition on root distribution, evapotranspiration, patterns of soil-water use and the resulting water-use efficiency (WUE) of the leucaena and grass components. Results showed that although leucaena had deeper roots than Rhodes grass, the majority of fine roots of both leucaena and Rhodes grass were in the upper 1.5 m of the soil profile suggesting a high level of competition for water resources. A major factor favouring Rhodes grass was that its root abundance was 8–10 times greater than leucaena, allowing it to compete more effectively for water resources and limit the lateral spread of leucaena roots. Higher cumulative evapotranspiration values were recorded from leucaena grown with Rhodes grass than from leucaena grown in absence of grass. However, this difference was negligible at the highest leucaena density owing to the reduced yield of grass caused by shading and increased water uptake of leucaena. The findings of this study also confirmed the hypothesis that at low tree densities, leucaena–grass pasture will have higher WUE (13.8 kg DM mm–1) than sole leucaena, but this difference was reduced with increments of leucaena density. Highest WUE (65.9 kg DM mm–1) occurred at highest leucaena density with or without grass.
J L Peyraud - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the linear relationship between the proportion of fresh grass in the cow diet milk fatty acid composition and butter properties
Journal of Dairy Science, 2006Co-Authors: Sebastien Couvreur, Catherine Hurtaud, Christelle Lopez, Luc Delaby, J L PeyraudAbstract:Fresh grass in the cow diet improves the rheological and nutritional properties of butter. However, the relationship between the proportion of fresh grass in the diet and these properties is still unknown. The objective of the study was to determine the relationship between the proportion of fresh grass in the diet and the properties of milk and butter. Four groups of 2 cows were fed 4 isoenergetic diets characterized by increasing amounts of fresh grass (0, 30, 60, and 100% dry matter of forage) according to a Youden square design. Energy levels were similar among all diets. Thus, no effect of mobilization was observed and the results were only due to the proportion of fresh grass in the diet. Milk yield linearly increased with the proportion of fresh grass in the diet (+0.21 kg/d per 10% of grass). Fat yield remained unchanged. Thus, by effect of dilution, increasing the proportion of fresh grass in the diet induced a linear decrease in fat content. Milk fat globule size decreased by 0.29 mum when the proportion of grass reached 30% in the diet. Increasing the proportion of fresh grass in the diet induced a linear increase in unsaturated fatty acids percentages at the expense of saturated fatty acids. Relationships were +0.38, +0.12, +0.05 and -0.69 points/10% of fresh grass in the diet for C18:1 trans-11, C18:2 cis-9,trans-11, C18:3n-3, and C16:0, respectively. These modifications in fatty acid composition, and in particular in the spreadability index, C16:0/C18:1, were responsible for linear decreases in final melting temperature and solid fat content in butter fat, perceived in sensory analysis by a linear decrease in firmness in mouth. The nutritional value of butter was also linearly improved by the proportion of fresh grass in the diet by halving the atherogenicity index.
