The Experts below are selected from a list of 72 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Richard L Wall - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toxicity of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae deuteromycotina hyphomycetes to adult females of the blowfly lucilia sericata diptera calliphoridae
Pest Management Science, 2004Co-Authors: C Wright, A J Brooks, Richard L WallAbstract:The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) is a natural component of soil flora world-wide and is a causal agent of the Green Muscardine diseases of insects. The use of this pathogen as a potential biocontrol agent against adult females of the blowfly, Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) was considered. The blowfly L sericata is an economically important agent of cutaneous myiasis of sheep, particularly in northern Europe. Exposure of flies to suspensions of fungal spores by immersion, topical application or tarsal contact with treated surfaces all resulted in high levels of fatal infection. Spores suspended in silicone oil resulted in higher levels of infection (50–70%) than those formulated in a 0.3 g litre−1 solution of the detergent Tween 80 (10–20%). Spore concentration had a significant effect on levels of infection of flies, with the highest levels of mortality (64%) resulting from a suspension of 1 × 107 conidia ml−1. The duration of tarsal contact had a significant effect on levels of infection. Mean infection levels of 30% were observed following exposure of free-flying adults to a single spore-treated, 5 × 15 cm2 cloth surface suspended from the roof of a cage (30 cm cube). The implications of the results for the potential use of M anisopliae in the biocontrol of blowflies are discussed. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
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toxicity of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae deuteromycotina hyphomycetes to adult females of the blowfly lucilia sericata diptera calliphoridae
Pest Management Science, 2004Co-Authors: C Wright, A J Brooks, Richard L WallAbstract:The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) is a natural component of soil flora world-wide and is a causal agent of the Green Muscardine diseases of insects. The use of this pathogen as a potential biocontrol agent against adult females of the blowfly, Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) was considered. The blowfly L sericata is an economically important agent of cutaneous myiasis of sheep, particularly in northern Europe. Exposure of flies to suspensions of fungal spores by immersion, topical application or tarsal contact with treated surfaces all resulted in high levels of fatal infection. Spores suspended in silicone oil resulted in higher levels of infection (50-70%) than those formulated in a 0.3 glitre(-1) solution of the detergent Tween 80 (10-20%). Spore concentration had a significant effect on levels of infection of flies, with the highest levels of mortality (64%) resulting from a suspension of 1 x 10(7) conidia ml(-1). The duration of tarsal contact had a significant effect on levels of infection. Mean infection levels of 30% were observed following exposure of free-flying adults to a single spore-treated, 5 x 15 cm2 cloth surface suspended from the roof of a cage (30 cm cube). The implications of the results for the potential use of M anisopliae in the biocontrol of blowflies are discussed.
C Wright - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toxicity of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae deuteromycotina hyphomycetes to adult females of the blowfly lucilia sericata diptera calliphoridae
Pest Management Science, 2004Co-Authors: C Wright, A J Brooks, Richard L WallAbstract:The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) is a natural component of soil flora world-wide and is a causal agent of the Green Muscardine diseases of insects. The use of this pathogen as a potential biocontrol agent against adult females of the blowfly, Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) was considered. The blowfly L sericata is an economically important agent of cutaneous myiasis of sheep, particularly in northern Europe. Exposure of flies to suspensions of fungal spores by immersion, topical application or tarsal contact with treated surfaces all resulted in high levels of fatal infection. Spores suspended in silicone oil resulted in higher levels of infection (50–70%) than those formulated in a 0.3 g litre−1 solution of the detergent Tween 80 (10–20%). Spore concentration had a significant effect on levels of infection of flies, with the highest levels of mortality (64%) resulting from a suspension of 1 × 107 conidia ml−1. The duration of tarsal contact had a significant effect on levels of infection. Mean infection levels of 30% were observed following exposure of free-flying adults to a single spore-treated, 5 × 15 cm2 cloth surface suspended from the roof of a cage (30 cm cube). The implications of the results for the potential use of M anisopliae in the biocontrol of blowflies are discussed. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
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toxicity of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae deuteromycotina hyphomycetes to adult females of the blowfly lucilia sericata diptera calliphoridae
Pest Management Science, 2004Co-Authors: C Wright, A J Brooks, Richard L WallAbstract:The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) is a natural component of soil flora world-wide and is a causal agent of the Green Muscardine diseases of insects. The use of this pathogen as a potential biocontrol agent against adult females of the blowfly, Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) was considered. The blowfly L sericata is an economically important agent of cutaneous myiasis of sheep, particularly in northern Europe. Exposure of flies to suspensions of fungal spores by immersion, topical application or tarsal contact with treated surfaces all resulted in high levels of fatal infection. Spores suspended in silicone oil resulted in higher levels of infection (50-70%) than those formulated in a 0.3 glitre(-1) solution of the detergent Tween 80 (10-20%). Spore concentration had a significant effect on levels of infection of flies, with the highest levels of mortality (64%) resulting from a suspension of 1 x 10(7) conidia ml(-1). The duration of tarsal contact had a significant effect on levels of infection. Mean infection levels of 30% were observed following exposure of free-flying adults to a single spore-treated, 5 x 15 cm2 cloth surface suspended from the roof of a cage (30 cm cube). The implications of the results for the potential use of M anisopliae in the biocontrol of blowflies are discussed.
Raymond J St Leger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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metarhizium spp cosmopolitan insect pathogenic fungi mycological aspects
Advances in Applied Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Donald W Roberts, Raymond J St LegerAbstract:Publisher Summary The chapter focuses on mycological aspects of the genus Metarhizium . The genus includes several species, varieties within species, and individual isolates with broad ranges of physiological traits—including host range. The interactions of these fungi with their hosts, and the large literature on their use for pest control, largely define the scientific and popular concepts of Metarhizium spp. Fungi of the hyphomycete genus Metarhizium have been isolated from infected insects and soil. Although some isolates of these fungi have rather restricted host ranges, the group is better known for its ability to kill a wide spectrum of insects, including insects in at least seven orders. The common name for Metarhizium -induced disease is “Green Muscardine,” based on the encrustation of insect cadavers with Green conidia. The rapid increase in research on Metarhizium , followed by sustained high scientific output, can be explained by several important worldwide attitude changes and the initiation of several promising Metarhizium -based pest-control and molecular-biology efforts.
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expressed sequence tag est analysis of two subspecies of metarhizium anisopliae reveals a plethora of secreted proteins with potential activity in insect hosts
Microbiology, 2003Co-Authors: Florian M Freimoser, Steven E Screen, Savita Bagga, Raymond J St LegerAbstract:Expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries for Metarhizium anisopliae, the causative agent of Green Muscardine disease, were developed from the broad host-range pathogen Metarhizium anisopliae sf. anisopliae and the specific grasshopper pathogen, M. anisopliae sf. acridum. Approximately 1700 5′ end sequences from each subspecies were generated from cDNA libraries representing fungi grown under conditions that maximize secretion of cuticle-degrading enzymes. Both subspecies had ESTs for virtually all pathogenicity-related genes cloned to date from M. anisopliae, but many novel genes encoding potential virulence factors were also tagged. Enzymes with potential targets in the insect host included proteases, chitinases, phospholipases, lipases, esterases, phosphatases and enzymes producing toxic secondary metabolites. A diverse array of proteases composed 36 % of all M. anisopliae sf. anisopliae ESTs. Eighty percent of the ESTs that could be clustered into functional groups had significant matches (E<10−5) in other ascomycete fungi. These included genes reported to have specific roles in pathogens with plant or vertebrate hosts. Many of the remaining ESTs had their best blast match among animal, plant and bacterial sequences. These include genes with plant and microbial counterparts that produce potent antimicrobials. The abundance of transcripts discovered for different functional groups varied between the two subspecies of M. anisopliae in a manner consistent with ecological adaptations of the two pathogens. By hastening gene discovery this project has enhanced development of improved mycoinsecticides. In addition, the M. anisopliae ESTs represent a significant contribution to the extensive database of sequences from ascomycetes that are saprophytes or plant and vertebrate pathogens. Comparative analyses of these sequences is providing important information about the biology and evolutionary history of this clade.
A J Brooks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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toxicity of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae deuteromycotina hyphomycetes to adult females of the blowfly lucilia sericata diptera calliphoridae
Pest Management Science, 2004Co-Authors: C Wright, A J Brooks, Richard L WallAbstract:The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) is a natural component of soil flora world-wide and is a causal agent of the Green Muscardine diseases of insects. The use of this pathogen as a potential biocontrol agent against adult females of the blowfly, Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) was considered. The blowfly L sericata is an economically important agent of cutaneous myiasis of sheep, particularly in northern Europe. Exposure of flies to suspensions of fungal spores by immersion, topical application or tarsal contact with treated surfaces all resulted in high levels of fatal infection. Spores suspended in silicone oil resulted in higher levels of infection (50–70%) than those formulated in a 0.3 g litre−1 solution of the detergent Tween 80 (10–20%). Spore concentration had a significant effect on levels of infection of flies, with the highest levels of mortality (64%) resulting from a suspension of 1 × 107 conidia ml−1. The duration of tarsal contact had a significant effect on levels of infection. Mean infection levels of 30% were observed following exposure of free-flying adults to a single spore-treated, 5 × 15 cm2 cloth surface suspended from the roof of a cage (30 cm cube). The implications of the results for the potential use of M anisopliae in the biocontrol of blowflies are discussed. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry
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toxicity of the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae deuteromycotina hyphomycetes to adult females of the blowfly lucilia sericata diptera calliphoridae
Pest Management Science, 2004Co-Authors: C Wright, A J Brooks, Richard L WallAbstract:The fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) is a natural component of soil flora world-wide and is a causal agent of the Green Muscardine diseases of insects. The use of this pathogen as a potential biocontrol agent against adult females of the blowfly, Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) was considered. The blowfly L sericata is an economically important agent of cutaneous myiasis of sheep, particularly in northern Europe. Exposure of flies to suspensions of fungal spores by immersion, topical application or tarsal contact with treated surfaces all resulted in high levels of fatal infection. Spores suspended in silicone oil resulted in higher levels of infection (50-70%) than those formulated in a 0.3 glitre(-1) solution of the detergent Tween 80 (10-20%). Spore concentration had a significant effect on levels of infection of flies, with the highest levels of mortality (64%) resulting from a suspension of 1 x 10(7) conidia ml(-1). The duration of tarsal contact had a significant effect on levels of infection. Mean infection levels of 30% were observed following exposure of free-flying adults to a single spore-treated, 5 x 15 cm2 cloth surface suspended from the roof of a cage (30 cm cube). The implications of the results for the potential use of M anisopliae in the biocontrol of blowflies are discussed.
Donald W Roberts - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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metarhizium spp cosmopolitan insect pathogenic fungi mycological aspects
Advances in Applied Microbiology, 2004Co-Authors: Donald W Roberts, Raymond J St LegerAbstract:Publisher Summary The chapter focuses on mycological aspects of the genus Metarhizium . The genus includes several species, varieties within species, and individual isolates with broad ranges of physiological traits—including host range. The interactions of these fungi with their hosts, and the large literature on their use for pest control, largely define the scientific and popular concepts of Metarhizium spp. Fungi of the hyphomycete genus Metarhizium have been isolated from infected insects and soil. Although some isolates of these fungi have rather restricted host ranges, the group is better known for its ability to kill a wide spectrum of insects, including insects in at least seven orders. The common name for Metarhizium -induced disease is “Green Muscardine,” based on the encrustation of insect cadavers with Green conidia. The rapid increase in research on Metarhizium , followed by sustained high scientific output, can be explained by several important worldwide attitude changes and the initiation of several promising Metarhizium -based pest-control and molecular-biology efforts.
