The Experts below are selected from a list of 177072 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ruud E. I. Schropp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Re-assessment of net energy production and Greenhouse Gas Emissions avoidance after 40 years of photovoltaics development
Nature Communications, 2016Co-Authors: Atse Louwen, Wilfried G. J. H. M. Van Sark, André P. C. Faaij, Ruud E. I. SchroppAbstract:Since the 1970s, installed solar photovoltaic capacity has grown tremendously to 230 gigawatt worldwide in 2015, with a growth rate between 1975 and 2015 of 45%. This rapid growth has led to concerns regarding the energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of photovoltaics production. We present a review of 40 years of photovoltaics development, analysing the development of energy demand and Greenhouse Gas Emissions associated with photovoltaics production. Here we show strong downward trends of environmental impact of photovoltaics production, following the experience curve law. For every doubling of installed photovoltaic capacity, energy use decreases by 13 and 12% and Greenhouse Gas footprints by 17 and 24%, for poly- and monocrystalline based photovoltaic systems, respectively. As a result, we show a break-even between the cumulative disadvantages and benefits of photovoltaics, for both energy use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, occurs between 1997 and 2018, depending on photovoltaic performance and model uncertainties. While the photovoltaic industry aims to achieve cleaner energy production, it consumes energy and emits Greenhouse Gases during production and deployment. Here, Louwen et al . show that the industry has likely already reached break-even points for both Greenhouse Gases Emissions and electricity consumption.
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re assessment of net energy production and Greenhouse Gas Emissions avoidance after 40 years of photovoltaics development
Nature Communications, 2016Co-Authors: Atse Louwen, Wilfried G. J. H. M. Van Sark, André P. C. Faaij, Ruud E. I. SchroppAbstract:Since the 1970s, installed solar photovoltaic capacity has grown tremendously to 230 gigawatt worldwide in 2015, with a growth rate between 1975 and 2015 of 45%. This rapid growth has led to concerns regarding the energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of photovoltaics production. We present a review of 40 years of photovoltaics development, analysing the development of energy demand and Greenhouse Gas Emissions associated with photovoltaics production. Here we show strong downward trends of environmental impact of photovoltaics production, following the experience curve law. For every doubling of installed photovoltaic capacity, energy use decreases by 13 and 12% and Greenhouse Gas footprints by 17 and 24%, for poly- and monocrystalline based photovoltaic systems, respectively. As a result, we show a break-even between the cumulative disadvantages and benefits of photovoltaics, for both energy use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, occurs between 1997 and 2018, depending on photovoltaic performance and model uncertainties.
Atse Louwen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Re-assessment of net energy production and Greenhouse Gas Emissions avoidance after 40 years of photovoltaics development
Nature Communications, 2016Co-Authors: Atse Louwen, Wilfried G. J. H. M. Van Sark, André P. C. Faaij, Ruud E. I. SchroppAbstract:Since the 1970s, installed solar photovoltaic capacity has grown tremendously to 230 gigawatt worldwide in 2015, with a growth rate between 1975 and 2015 of 45%. This rapid growth has led to concerns regarding the energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of photovoltaics production. We present a review of 40 years of photovoltaics development, analysing the development of energy demand and Greenhouse Gas Emissions associated with photovoltaics production. Here we show strong downward trends of environmental impact of photovoltaics production, following the experience curve law. For every doubling of installed photovoltaic capacity, energy use decreases by 13 and 12% and Greenhouse Gas footprints by 17 and 24%, for poly- and monocrystalline based photovoltaic systems, respectively. As a result, we show a break-even between the cumulative disadvantages and benefits of photovoltaics, for both energy use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, occurs between 1997 and 2018, depending on photovoltaic performance and model uncertainties. While the photovoltaic industry aims to achieve cleaner energy production, it consumes energy and emits Greenhouse Gases during production and deployment. Here, Louwen et al . show that the industry has likely already reached break-even points for both Greenhouse Gases Emissions and electricity consumption.
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re assessment of net energy production and Greenhouse Gas Emissions avoidance after 40 years of photovoltaics development
Nature Communications, 2016Co-Authors: Atse Louwen, Wilfried G. J. H. M. Van Sark, André P. C. Faaij, Ruud E. I. SchroppAbstract:Since the 1970s, installed solar photovoltaic capacity has grown tremendously to 230 gigawatt worldwide in 2015, with a growth rate between 1975 and 2015 of 45%. This rapid growth has led to concerns regarding the energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of photovoltaics production. We present a review of 40 years of photovoltaics development, analysing the development of energy demand and Greenhouse Gas Emissions associated with photovoltaics production. Here we show strong downward trends of environmental impact of photovoltaics production, following the experience curve law. For every doubling of installed photovoltaic capacity, energy use decreases by 13 and 12% and Greenhouse Gas footprints by 17 and 24%, for poly- and monocrystalline based photovoltaic systems, respectively. As a result, we show a break-even between the cumulative disadvantages and benefits of photovoltaics, for both energy use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, occurs between 1997 and 2018, depending on photovoltaic performance and model uncertainties.
Gerald L. Kulcinski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Life cycle energy requirements and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from large scale energy storage systems
Energy Conversion and Management, 2003Co-Authors: Paul Denholm, Gerald L. KulcinskiAbstract:Abstract Using life cycle assessment, metrics for calculation of the input energy requirements and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from utility scale energy storage systems have been developed and applied to three storage technologies: pumped hydro storage (PHS), compressed air energy storage (CAES) and advanced battery energy storage (BES) using vanadium and sodium polysulphide electrolytes. In general, the use of energy storage with electricity generation increases the input energy required to produce electricity, as well as the total Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Despite this increase, the life cycle GHG emission rate from storage systems when coupled with nuclear or renewable sources is substantially lower than from fossil fuel derived electricity sources. GHG Emissions from PHS when coupled with nuclear and renewable energy systems are lower than those from BES or CAES. When coupled with fossil generation, CAES has significantly lower net GHG Emissions than PHS or BES.
G Q Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Greenhouse Gas Emissions and natural resources use by the world economy ecological input output modeling
Ecological Modelling, 2011Co-Authors: G Q Chen, Zhanming ChenAbstract:Abstract For the world economy as a biophysical network associated with financial links, an ecological endowment inventory and corresponding ecological input–output modeling are presented to investigate the Greenhouse Gas Emissions and natural resources use in 2000. A forty-sector global economic input–output table is constructed through an integration and extension of existing statistics which covers thirty-four countries accounting for about 80% of the world economy. Global inventories for ecological endowments of six categories, i.e., Greenhouse Gas Emissions, energy sources, water resources, exergy resources, solar emergy resources, and cosmic emergy resources, are accounted in detail. As a result of the modeling, embodied intensities of different ecological endowments are obtained for all forty sectors, based on which the sectoral embodiments for consumptive and productive uses are presented separately. Results of this study provide a sound scientific database for policy making on global climate change mitigation as well as on global resources management.
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nonrenewable energy cost and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of a 1 5 mw solar power tower plant in china
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2011Co-Authors: G Q Chen, Qing Yang, Yi Zhao, Zhixue WangAbstract:It is commonly assumed that renewable energy based systems have the potential to mitigate Greenhouse Gas Emissions and save fossil energy from the grid. Nevertheless, any energy conversion systems need extra energy to deliver energy into society. It is necessary to estimate the total direct and indirect fossil energy cost and associated Greenhouse Gas Emissions by any system over its entire life cycle. For the first MW class solar tower power plant in China, nonrenewable energy cost and Greenhouse Gas Emissions are accounted respectively as 0.95 MJ/MJ and 0.04 kg CO2-eq/MJ during its expected 20 years of operating life, corresponding to a net nonrenewable energy saving of 3.92E+08 GJ and Greenhouse Gas emission mitigation of 4.17E+04 tonne CO2-eq compared to conventional thermal power systems in China.
Fuquan Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Impact of recycling on energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from electric vehicle production: The China 2025 case
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2017Co-Authors: Han Hao, Qinyu Qiao, Zongwei Liu, Fuquan ZhaoAbstract:Electric vehicle, as the most promising clean vehicle technology, has gained high priority in global transport technology roadmap. Although electric vehicles offer multiple benefits within the vehicle use phase, their energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions within the vehicle production phase are much higher than conventional vehicles. Recycling is considered as an effective way to tackle this issue. By employing a life cycle assessment framework, this study compares the energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from electric vehicle production under the circumstances of no recycling and full recycling. Database is established based on the China 2025 case, where a large number of electric vehicles are expected to reach their end of life in the years to come. The results indicate that Greenhouse Gas Emissions from electric vehicle production with and without recycling are 9.8 t CO2eq. and 14.9 t CO2eq., implying a 34% reduction through recycling. Specifically, the recycling of steel, aluminum and the cathode material of traction battery, among others, contribute to 61%, 13% and 20% of total reduction, respectively. Although the recycling of conventional vehicle components currently contributes the most to the overall reduction, the recycling of battery has a huge growth potential in the future. Based on the analysis, it is recommended that China should prioritize the recycling of electric vehicles, especially the batteries, to realize the cleaner production of electric vehicles.
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Cradle-to-gate Greenhouse Gas Emissions of battery electric and internal combustion engine vehicles in China
Applied Energy, 2017Co-Authors: Qinyu Qiao, Shuhua Jiang, Fuquan Zhao, Zongwei Liu, Han HaoAbstract:Electric drive vehicles are equipped with totally different propulsion systems compared with conventional vehicles, for which the energy consumption and cradle-to-gate Greenhouse Gas Emissions associated with vehicle production could substantially change. In this study, the life cycle energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of vehicle production are compared between battery electric and internal combustion engine vehicles in China's context. The results reveal that the energy consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions of a battery electric vehicle production range from 92.4 to 94.3 GJ and 15.0 to 15.2 t CO2eq, which are about 50% higher than those of an internal combustion engine vehicle, 63.5 GJ and 10.0 t CO2eq. This substantial change can be mainly attributed to the production of traction batteries, the essential components for battery electric vehicles. Moreover, the larger weight and different weight distribution of materials used in battery electric vehicles also contribute to the larger environmental impact. This situation can be improved through the development of new traction battery production techniques, vehicle recycling and a low-carbon energy structure.
